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Media focus
7411
3779
1362
821
505
458
415
327
109
97
Publication Years
4673
5197
2879
812
450
282
323
140
21
1
1
Methods applied
530
368
338
276
255
132
107
29
22
22
20
17
12
7
6
4
2
1
1
1
1
Output Type
14779
"En el primer eje -Memoria de la otra Comunicación- se compilan los aportes de mujeres que tempranamente trabajaron en experie ncias de comunicación alternativa, mujeres fundantes en la teoría y la praxis de la comunicación para el cambio social y que nos abrieron las puertas heredándonos el ca
...
minar y la palabra. [...]
El segundo eje –Prácticas de Comunicación Popular y Oficio Periodístico– recorre los trayectos de experiencias emblemáticas en comunicación surgidas desde abajo, movidas por la reivindicación de derechos en la esfera política, social, cultural y ecológica. De ahí que visibiliza el aporte de las mujeres diversas -indígenas, negras, campesinas, entre otras- que desde el campo popular han tomado la palabra como un gesto político de resistencia y lucha. Este eje revela cómo se ha sostenido el legado de la otra comunicación, se ha logrado pluralizar las voces, así como democratizar la comunicación desde un ejercicio de soberanía y autorrepresentación. [...]
Docencia e Investigación: Este eje convoca a diversas mujeres cuyo principal campo de acción es la academia; pero también comparten su vida -en un habitar anfibio- entre la ciencia y la militancia. Algunas de ellas están vinculadas a las luchas de género y feminismos, y otras a la consolidación de la comunicación como derecho y a la política pública. En los últimos años ha existido un importante despunte de académicas en el ámbito de la comunicación, que, por su formación doctoral y sus publicaciones científicas, gozan de prestigio profesional; sin embargo, el texto es finito y queda sentada la deuda pendiente. En esta sección hicimos un esfuerzo por honrar a las académicas que con su labor anfibia han dado un giro en la institucionalidad de la comunicación, en la política pública y, por supuesto, en la consolidación del campo de conocimiento." (Prólogo, páginas 13-15)
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"A large majority (71%) of Ethiopians "agree" or "strongly agree" that the media should "constantly investigate and report on government mistakes and corruption." About six in 10 citizens (59%) endorse the principle that the media "should have the right to publish any views and ideas without governm
...
ent control." A slim majority (51%) of respondents assess their country's media as "somewhat free" or "completely free," while 44% consider the media "not very" or "not at all" free. Close to two-thirds (64%) of adults own a mobile phone, 33% a radio, 29% a television set, and 5% a computer. Only 22% own a mobile phone with Internet connectivity. Radio is Ethiopia's most popular news source: 42% of citizens say they tune in "every day" or "a few times a week." More than a third (35%) say they regularly get news from television, while about two in 10 are regular consumers of news from social media (18%) and the Internet (17%)." Key findings)
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Afghanistan Media Audience Landscape
GeoPoll (2024), 3 pp.
"The GeoPoll Afghanistan Media Audience Landscape Establishment Survey comprised of 2,000 Computer Assisted Telephone Interviews (CATI) with respondents across the country, conducted in from December 2023 to January 2024. Based on the survey data, approximately 67% of the adult Afghan population wat
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ch television at least once a month." (Page 2)
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"Literature on Central America’s media landscape over the last two decades documents significant obstacles to press freedom. Professional, independent journalism faces structural challenges rooted in the excessive concentration of political, economic, and social influence. From a political economy
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perspective, political and media elites share economic and even familial ties at the top end of a system characterized by high levels of social and economic inequality. This power structure results in a media largely at the service of elite interests and works against the media's roles of informing the public and exposing abuse of power and corruption. The concentration of power in focus nations has helped produce legal frameworks favorable to commercial interests and to the perpetuation of concentrated media ownership. Low readership and the distorting influence of public advertising help perpetuate these dynamics. These issues affect media coverage and facilitate control over public discourse by political and economic elites at the expense of the media performing a watchdog role. The legal frameworks vary from country to country. Some of them compromise the safety of journalists and limit democratic guarantees of freedom of expression. The literature review highlighted a lack of recent, comprehensive research on comparative regulation and legal frameworks in Central America, yet noted an ongoing struggle for press freedom amid political instability and violence targeting journalists. The Nicaraguan government imposes severe restrictions on journalism and has closed many news outlets. Journalists in Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras are subjected to political pressure and targeted with violence and intimidation. These challenges are exacerbated by weak rule of law, abuse of political power, corruption, and the failure to enforce protection mechanisms, producing a complex media ecosystem for these Central American nations." (Executive summary, page 7)
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Connected farmers: A casebook of good practices and inspiring stories from Europe and Central Asia
Budapest: FAO (2024), vi, 127 pp.
Georgian Election Observatory (#GEObservatory24): Debunking pre-election propaganda narratives
University of Georgia; Fojo Media Institute (2024), 69 pp.
"The “Georgian Elections Observatory (#GEObservatory24)” was a short-term initiative aimed at fact-checking pre-election narratives leading up to the parliamentary elections on October 26, 2024, together with a few immediate post-election analyses. Unlike traditional fact-checking platforms, thi
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s project analysed entire narratives, combining political analysis with media scrutiny to provide a compre hensive understanding of the pre-election discourse. The project was supported by the Swedish Fojo Media Institute, the Georgian Investigative Media Lab (IML), and the University of Georgia (UG) Security, Policy, and Nationalism Research Center (UGSPN). This Fojo Media Insight offers several critical lessons for journalism, particularly in covering elections and political narratives such as the importance of comprehensive narrative analysis, the role of historical context, the manipulation of fear and utilisation of conspiracy theories, the instrumentalisation of identity issues, such as religion and theories. The discussion on electoral legitimacy highlights the critical role of the media in ensuring transparent and fair elections. Finally, this working paper underscores the need for international collaboration in journalism." (Back cover)
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Digital Progress and Trends Report 2023
Washington, DC: World Bank (2024), xxiv, 149 pp.
"The new series Digital Progress and Trends Report adopts a holistic framework of digitalization, with selective topics examined in depth in each edition. The framework [...] includes both the production and the adoption sides of digital technologies and their interactions. Box ES.1 explains how the
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series supports global efforts to study the progress, gaps, benefits, and risks of digitalization. The benefits and risks are also interconnected and reflect the trade-offs and complexity of digitalization: innovation and growth can be accompanied by high concentration and reduced market contestability. Efficiency gains and lower costs for large businesses may mean higher inequality and polarization. Digitalization can create jobs and improve inclusion, but it also results in power asymmetry and makes it easier for governments and companies to monitor and control individuals. Digital innovation creates new possibilities for climate change mitigation and adaptation but expands the carbon footprint of the information and communication technology (ICT) sector. Cybersecurity, privacy, and misinformation are also major risks that can undermine trust in the digital space and circumvent the gains from digitalization. Countries need to maximize the benefits while minimizing the risks of digitalization." (Executive summary)
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AI and the future of journalism: An issue brief for stakeholders
Paris: UNESCO (2024), 18 pp.
Safeguarding independent journalism in Latin America
Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2024), 37 pp.
"In a region plagued by poverty, inequality, and attacks on press freedom, Latin American journalists have ventured into non-profit journalism to uphold democracy. Outlets producing award-winning and highly impactful journalism in the region include El Salvador’s El Faro, founded in 1998, Chile’
...
s Ciper (2007), IDL-Reporteros in Peru and La Silla Vacía in Colombia (2009), Animal Político in Mexico (2010), Agência Pública in Brazil and Plaza Pública in Guatemala (2011) – to name a few. But finding a sustainable financing model has eluded most outlets. There is limited advertising revenue for such controversial topics, and lower income audiences are hard-pressed to pay for news. This has led to an over-reliance on foreign funding to finance their work. Research by SembraMedia found that grants are the primary source of non-profit income, accounting for 63% of their revenue on average. To assess for myself how acutely reliant independent media in Latin America are on foreign donors, I set about analysing 40 independent outlets based in 16 countries. I focused on outlets that produce public interest journalism, play a significant role in their countries, and receive institutional foreign funding. [...] Between 2016 and 2022 those 40 outlets received more than $27 million from OSF and Ford Foundation. While Ford Foundation granted roughly half the number of grants as the Soros organisation, their grants were significantly larger, meaning the total amount donated was almost on par. OSF has been key in giving establishing grants to new outlets and then fostering their growth, while Ford tends to back outlets with a track record. Ana Joaquina Ruiz, Program Associate for Mexico, and Central America at Ford Foundation, told me: “OSF has the capacity to fund more innovative projects. Ford is a bit more conservative and works with projects that can be a contribution in the long term.” A third important player to consider in this ecosystem is Luminate, created by the founder of eBay, Pierre Omidyar. Publicly available data shows it has only distributed 11 grants between 2016 and 2022 among the 40 outlets I analysed. The average size of each grant was $360,000 – far more than the average Ford Foundation grants ($240,000) or OSF grants ($135,000). It is worth noting, however, that no consistent data could be found about the length of time each grant was intended to cover. An analysis of average amount granted per year might paint a different picture." (https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk)
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Global Media Index for Africa 2024
Africa No Filter; Africa Center (2024), 46 pp.
"The Global Media Index for Africa assesses and ranks online news stories of the 20 leading news providers that offer primary coverage of Africa for the world. It is also a tool that aims to provide much needed regular 'health checks' on how Africa is framed in the media. The outlets selected are th
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e digital platforms of: CNN, Deutsche Welle, Russia Today, Bloomberg, Xinhua, Le Monde, The Guardian, Wall Street Journal, Associated Press, Al Jazeera, The Economist, New York Times, VOA News, AFP, Reuters, BBC, CGTN, Financial Times, RFI, and Washington Post. Over 1 000 news articles were collected over a six- month period, and evaluated across four key indicators, making the Global Media Index for Africa the largest manual study of media analysis ever conducted for an African media index." (Page 1)
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"This paper aimed to address some of the gaps in knowledge about the nature of mis/disinformation and hate speech in WhatsApp groups, as well as the mechanisms through which those messages are identified, perceived, and relayed by users. Through quantitative and qualitative study of activities in 15
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5 WhatsApp groups ahead of the elections, the research identified the following main dynamics:
- As elections approached, the sharing of mis/disinformation increased in the selected WhatsApp groups, especially in urban areas. This trend coincided with an increase in hate speech in Haut Katanga and North Kivu, where electoral campaigns fueled existing tensions and insecurities around identify politics in particular.
- While users are keenly aware of the wide spread of false and manipulated media content, and the importance of verifying information, they do not systematically do so. In addition, the line between political opinion, humorous posts and mis/disinformation is thin and users may find it hard to identify the information which needs checking. Nevertheless, some users reported deliberately sharing false or harmful information in online communities. Their behavior was driven, in part, by the desire to provoke reactions or entertain. They also used WhatsApp groups as a tool to verify information, thus purposely sharing unverified or misleading news in order for others to confirm or refute it.
- Users are often highly proactive in bringing attention to mis/disinformation circulating in the groups, and frequently share links or witness sources to correct false or inaccurate news. However, they are less comfortable with confronting authors of hate speech, preferring to remain silent or exit the groups." (Conclusion, pages 54-55)
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The Media Viability Manifesto: A Common Framework for Joint Action
Key Guides
Bonn et al.: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie; Media Viability Manifesto Initiative (2024), 33 pp.
"The Media Viability Manifesto (MVM) provides an urgently needed common framework for joint action from the global media development community. Its aim is three-pronged: To foster conceptual clarity, to strengthen strategic collaboration between multiple stakeholders, and to align practical implemen
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tation in the field of Media Viability. The MVM is the culmination of input from 152 individuals from 55 countries and 86 organizations. It paves the way for more systematic exchange and learning, and for more strategic and coordinated action. To solve the multi-faceted journalism crisis, we need to work together." (Page 1)
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