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The Digital World of Young Children: Impact on Emergency Literacy

Jay Blanchard, Terry Moore

Pearson Foundation (2010), 35 pp.

"This white paper takes a first look at the everyday world of digital tools and media in the lives of three- to five-year-old children, with a particular focus on non-intentional learning opportunities in developing and least-developed nations. It begins a discussion about how digital media learning ... more

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South Africa Talks Climate: The Public Understanding of Climate Change

Lucy Neville et al.

London: BBC World Service Trust;British Council (2010), 35 pp.

"Between August and October 2009, the BBC World Service Trust’s Research and Learning Group, funded by the British Council, conducted research in south africa to gauge public understanding of climate change. The research consisted of 16 focus group discussions with south african citizens, and 18 i ... more

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Nigeria Talks Climate: The Public Understanding of Climate Change

Susan Cooke, Anu Mohammed (comps.)

London: BBC World Service Trust;British Council (2010), 27 pp.

"From May to September 2008, The BBC World Service Trust’s research and Learning group, on behalf of the British Council, conducted research in Nigeria to gauge public understanding of climate change. The research consisted of 24 focus-group discussions with Nigerian citizens, as well as 31 in-dep ... th interviews with opinion leaders from government, religious institutions, the private sector, the media and civil society. The overall objective was to find out what people think about climate change, and how to tailor communication and media strategies to support Nigeria’s response to climate change. Key findings Most Nigerians do not understand the science of climate change. They have, however, noticed changes in the weather and seasons. They tell of unusual changes in rainfall patterns, increases in temperature and the worsening of existing environmental problems. Most people do not connect these with global climate change. People in Nigeria are keenly aware of environmental degradation and depletion of natural resources. However, they make little distinction between this degradation and climate change. There is low awareness of the concepts of climate change and global warming among the Nigerian public. Many understand climate change to mean changes in the weather or seasons. Opinion leaders agree the general public has very low awareness of climate change concepts and terminology. There is a strong tendency among Nigerians to hold themselves individually and collectively responsible for local changes in the environment and the weather. There is little awareness that climatic problems – now or in the future – are likely to have causes that extend beyond Nigeria. Nigerians draw on existing knowledge and beliefs to explain the effects of climate change. For example, many think that deforestation in their local area reduces local rainfall, and some incorrectly believe that smoke from cars, bush fires and factories damages the ozone layer, making it hotter. There is a strong connection between faith and environmental stewardship in Nigeria; many people see changes in the weather as the will of god, and religious leaders emphasise humans’ duty of care to god’s creation." (Executive summary) more

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Democratic Republic of Congo Talks Climate: The Public Understanding of Climate Change

Miriam Burton, Emily LeRoux-Rutledge, Anna Godfrey (comp.)

London: BBC World Service Trust;British Council (2010), 35 pp.

"Between September and November 2009, the BBC World Service Trust’s Research and Learning Group, on behalf of the British Council, conducted research in DR congo to gauge public understanding of climate change. the research consisted of 12 focus group discussions in six locations with congolese ci ... tizens, as well as 17 in-depth interviews with opinion leaders from government, religious institutions, the private sector, the media and civil society. The overall objective was to find out what people think about climate change and to determine how to tailor communication and media strategies to support dr congo’s response to climate change. Key findings There is a universal perception among Congolese people that their climate is changing. they tell of changes in the rainy seasons and increases in temperature and use the word ‘climate’ to describe these. Many people talk about the “disruption” of the dry and rainy seasons and say that it is causing crop failure and affecting the country’s forests. people are particularly concerned about these changes because of the population’s reliance on natural resources. Many are aware of the terms “climate change” and “global warming” and cite the media and schools as their main sources of information. However, few relate these terms to increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Most simply use the terms to refer to the changes in the rainy seasons and increases in temperature they are experiencing. People have a number of misconceptions. Some people inaccurately link climate change to ozone depletion, and outside the capital, most think that “global warming” refers to an increase in the temperature of the air or earth over a short period of time. There is a strong notion of environmental stewardship linked to people’s faith. people have seen how human activity has harmed their natural environment, and they perceive that human activity could also have an effect on the weather. many think that the natural environment, including the weather, is god’s creation, and believe that they have a responsibility to protect it. Many people believe the weather changes that they are witnessing have local causes. for example, they say that deforestation in their local area is leading to a reduction in local rainfall, and some believe that local smoke and pollution from wood fires and industry lead to increases in temperature. Some also inaccurately relate increases in temperature to ozone depletion, which they think is caused by smoke, air pollution and other factors such as rockets and weapons. Some see changes in temperature and weather as the will of god – a view particularly prevalent among female rural populations." (Executive summary) more

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Religious Internet Communication: Facts, Experiences and Trends in the Catholic Church

Daniel Arasa, Lorenzo Cantoni, Lucio Adrián Ruiz (eds.)

Rome: EDUSC (2010), 250 pp.

"The authors present a broad corpus of data and suggest some potential theoretical patterns for their interpretation. Through this they invite the readers to look with a critical eye at their research and draw their own conclusions as to the potential implications these forms of usage have for the C ... more

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Capacity Development in Practice

Jan Ubels, Naa-Aku Acquaye-Baddoo, Alan Fowler (eds.)

London; Washington, DC: Earthscan (2010), xxii, 338 pp.

"Real-life practice is poorly understood and undervalued as a distinct professional domain. Written by practitioners, this innovative publication is designed to make capacity development more professional and increasingly effective in achieving development goals. Practical illustrations draw on expe ... more

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Meta-Research of Development Communication Studies, 1997-2006

Hemant Shah

Glocal Times, issue 15 (2010), 21 pp.

"The most frequently reported conclusion in 1997-2006 is that development theory needs more attention. In 1987-1996 this conclusion was even more frequently mentioned, indicating that scholars were being urged to continue thinking carefully about what development means. Researchers in 1997-2006 freq ... more

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The ICT4D 2.0 Manifesto: Where Next for ICTs and International Development?

Richard Heeks

Manchester: University of Manchester, Institute for Development Policy and Management, Development Informatics Group (2009), 33 pp.

"In conclusion and above all, we can see that ICT4D 2.0 is about reframing the poor. Where ICT4D 1.0 marginalised them, allowing a supply-driven focus, ICT4D 2.0 centralises them, creating a demand-driven focus. Where ICT4D 1.0 – fortified by the ... more

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A Question of Gender Equality in the Media: The Viet Nam Story

Sandra Basgall, Pham Phuong Mai

Hanoi: UNESCO (2009), 50 pp.

"This study looks at how gender is represented in the media in Viet Nam and how those involved directly and indirectly see the issues around gender equality using methods of content analysis and open-ended interviews [...] The study found that alth ... more

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Building Commitment to Reform Through Strategic Communication: The Five Key Decisions
Key Guidance

Cecilia Cabañero-Verzosa, Helen Garcia

Washington, DC: World Bank (2009), xiii, 133 pp.

"The Five Communication Management Decision Tool helps reformers and their teams develop a framework for their communication strategies. This decision tool helps managers see change initiatives through the eyes of those who will be affected by the ... more

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Communicating in Ministry and Mission: An Introduction to Pastoral and Evangelizing Communication

Franz-Josef Eilers

Manila: Logos (Divine Word) Publications, 3rd ed. (2009), 283 pp.

"This book serves as a primer on Church teachings and practices concerning communication issues. It is in fact a quite condensed text on nearly every aspect of Church communication. Eilers views communication as a theological principle that "guides and directs the way we ... more

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Change at Hand: Web 2.0 for Development
Inspiring Practice

Holly Ashley, Jon Corbett, Ben Garside, Giacamo Rambaldi (eds.)

London; Wageningen: International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED);Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA) (2009), 136 pp.

"Web 2.0 for development (Web2forDev) is a way of employing web services to intentionally improve information-sharing and collaborative production of content for development. It is about how development actors can relate and connect to other stakeholders, produce and publish their own material, deci ... more

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Media Training Trends and Practices in Nepal: A Status Report

Shekhar Parajulee, Devraj Humagain, Arjun Panthi, Harsha Man Maharjan

Kathmandu: Martin Chautari (2009), vii, 62 pp.

"Martin Chautari (MC) has been researching various aspects of Nepali media for almost a decade now. In this study, MC’s focus is on one of the major components of the media sector in Nepal, namely, media training, a subject which has so far been neglected by academics and other researchers. In thi ... more

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Beyond Broadcasting: The Future of State-Owned Broadcasters in Southern Africa

Guy Berger

Fackson Banda; Jane Duncan; Rashweat Mukundu; Zenaida Machado (contrib.)

Grahamstown: Highway Africa, School of Journalism & Media Studies, Rhodes University;Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2009), 65 pp.

"Digital communications technology does many new things. Its spread means that it is no longer a case of a tiny minority of professionals and politicians having a monopoly on mass communication. Implicit in the observations of this report, is the recognition that - amongst other things - digitisatio ... n also disrupts old boundaries between inter-personal and mass communication. What used to be the subject of, or product of, communication between a few individuals, can increasingly be put into the public sphere. Much of this content remains personal in quality, despite it being public in availability. But there is also much that is of public interest. In some ways, this therefore threatens those institutions supposed to be specialising in public interest information. In other ways, it can help them not only reinforce this mission, but to also take a step towards expanding their role into becoming wider public interest content and commun-ications agencies. They can, in short, be the motive force that pulls personal conversations into focussing on journalism that is of common public interest. That image of leading the transformation of mass communication is, however, just one of the scenarios outlined in this report. The others point to lesser roles, even including extinction. It should be noted that scenarios are not predictions of the future, but attempts to highlight a range of possible options. They help guide action in one or other direction. The complication is that digitisation and all that comes with it can deal a surprise to even the best-considered scenario possibilities. Who would have thought that a search engine company (Google) could become such an effective player in the advertising arena? Or that newspaper newsrooms would start hiring video-capable staffers, or that some cell-phone companies would move into distributing content? Could anyone have guessed that a company like Twitter could attract and burn millions of dollars of investment without even a proper business plan about how it intends to make money? The digital revolution, if it is to succeed, needs to have top quality cadres in the newsrooms. In the face of these kinds of developments, it is tempting to throw up one’s hands and take a come-what-may approach. That’s preferable to the illusion of controlling and managing the process. At the same time, between these two extremes of paralysis and over-planning, there is a broad direction that can be identified and pursued. We may not know exactly where we are going, but - as this Report seeks to do - we can look at where we are and what’s immediately ahead. More fundamentally, however, there’s worth in remembering from whence we come. In other words, while looking at the present and near-present, and keeping an eye on what future scenarios we can imagine, we can hold onto our values. In the context of public broadcasting, these values are - in a nutshell - to focus mass communications on deepening democracy and development. These public interest values remain all the more valid in a time when the historical informational “service” model is being expanded to also function as a public interest communicational mode. Keeping these ideals aloft helps state-owned broadcasters steer a course between delivering government-interest and commercial-interest content. They help to define the meaning of universal access in the face of financial pressures and socio-economic divides. They empower people to see the big picture and to bring concerted action to bear on it. In sum, they help us reinvent “public service broadcasting” in a fashion appropriate to its contemporary possibilities. Roll on digitisation in Southern Africa - and the transformation of at least some state-owned broadcasters to become leaders in this process." ("Summing up", page 53-54) more

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Funding for Media Development by Major Donors Outside the United States
Top Insights

Mary Myers

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2009), 64 pp.

"This publication describes the main media assistance funders outside the USA in an alphabetical fashion from 'Arab States' to 'United Kingdom', complemented by data on the European Commission (EC), UNESCO and UNDP. The EC is likely to be the biggest single funder of media development projects besid ... more

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Indian Cinema in the Time of Celluloid: From Bollywood to the Emergency

Ashish Rajadhyaksha

Bloomington: Indiana University Press (2009), x, 441 pp.

"Ashish Rajadhyaksha argues that any exploration of the social uses to which cinema is put in a place like India can only make sense if it transforms our understanding of cinema itself. Taking as his timeframe the era of celluloid, which is also marked by public experiences of spectatorship and uses ... more

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Media, Religion, and Conflict

Lee Marsden, Heather Savigny (eds.)

Farnham et al.: Ashgate (2009), xxiv, 168 pp.

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Journalists, war crimes and international justice

Howard Tumber

Media, War & Conflict, volume 1, issue 3 (2008), pp. 261-269

"The examination of the ethical and moral issues surrounding the reporting of war crimes signals one of the outstanding problems facing journalism in the contemporary era. As the nature of war has changed, so has the nature of the journalism mandated to cover it, and the selection of war crimes tria ... more

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A Diversity Toolkit for Factual Programmes in Public Service Television

Vienna: European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) (2008), 119 pp.

"This toolkit is aimed primarily at broadcast journalists, trainers and students of journalism. It also contains information that may be useful for producers and programme-makers generally, as well as for human resources professionals, trainers and managers in broadcasting organisations. This advice ... more

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Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation in Development Organisations: Sharing training and facilitation experiences

John DeConinck, Khilesh Chaturvedi, Ben Haagsma, Hans Griffioen, Mariecke van der Glas

New Delhi et al.: Sage;Interkerkelijke Organisatie voor Ontwikkelingssamenwerking (icco);Cordaid (2008), xv, 200 pp.

"Planning, monitoring and evaluation (PME) remains a challenge for many development organisations in spite of countless PME workshops, experts and manuals. Yet, we believe that effective PME is essential for organisational survival (and therefore for sustainable development) and that this can be nur ... tured through careful and sensitive PME training and facilitation. We do not propose here a PME manual: our aim in these pages is rather to share some of our real-life experiences as PME facilitators and to offer suggestions to support PME processes, with a focus on civil society organisations. As a group of facilitators who have worked on PME issues in different contexts, we realised that we confronted three common challenges: 1. First, a perception of PME as imposed, ‘technical’ and expensive [...] 2. Second, in terms of PME contents, there is a frequent focus on a particular project, or programme, rather than on the wider organisation, its reason for existence and the broader context in which it operates [...] 3. Third, we see PME support processes that emphasise training workshops which, however well delivered, seldom lead to successful PME application, let alone sustained use. This refl ects the limits of a one-shot method, as opposed to a more process-oriented approach, where PME is about day-to-day activities and attitudes, rather than ‘PME events’. So why this book? While we work in various countries, for different organisations and in different roles, we propose to share experiences that refl ect these common challenges and help to: 1. Embrace a ‘total organisation’ approach to PME, not only rooted in programmes, or projects, but with a wider perspective: that of the ‘total organisation’, with its financial dimension, its environment, its collaborators and competitors, in a context informed by local and national cultures [...] 2. Enhance custom-made PME. We have found that PME support is rarely effective if it is not customised to a particular organisation and its stakeholders [...] 3. Bring PME into daily learning practice so that it becomes part of mental processes within a partner organisation, changing mindsets and attitudes, while refl ecting contexts and capacities." (Pages 3-5) more

Building Commitment to Reform Through Strategic Communication: The Five Key Decisions Key Guidance

Change at Hand: Web 2.0 for Development Inspiring Practice

Funding for Media Development by Major Donors Outside the United States Top Insights

Building Commitment to Reform Through Strategic Communication: The Five Key Decisions
Key Guidance

Change at Hand: Web 2.0 for Development
Inspiring Practice

Funding for Media Development by Major Donors Outside the United States
Top Insights