"The IPDC has played a significant role in the promotion of the safety of journalists in recent years, contributing to and building on the momentum around journalists’ safety issues. However, developing a specific IPDC strategy with the aim of maintaining the momentum, and making full use of its p
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otential, will be important for the IPDC to ensure its continued relevance in addressing this critical challenge to freedom of expression and freedom of the press. This strategy needs to focus on those goals that the IPDC is better placed to achieve than any other entity, while complementing UNESCO’s other work in this area. This would increase IPDC impact, on the one hand, and the interest among donors, on the other." (Page 15)
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"During the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) Indigenous Peoples called for their full and effective participation in the Information Age on their own terms. While implementation of the WSIS Plan of Action has been limited, there are examples of Indigenous Peoples creatively engaging wi
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th information and communications technologies (ICTs) independently, or in partnership with NGOs, private sector, governments, intergovernmental organizations, and other Indigenous Peoples. A broad range of innovative software, hardware, and existing technologies are being employed to, among other things: defend Indigenous Peoples’ human rights; and preserve, manage, and promote their unique cultural heritage. This report summarizes Indigenous Peoples’ engagement with the Information Society and provides an overview of their participation during the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS). Particular attention is given to the relevance to “knowledge societies” and Action Line C8 of the WSIS Plan of Action on “Cultural diversity and identity, linguistic diversity and local content.” Drawing on Indigenous Peoples’ declarations, statements, and interviews with key experts and activists, as well as intergovernmental and academic reports, this review also showcases innovations, examples of good practice and emerging trends, with recommendations to guide strategies, projects, and policy-making, in the post-WSIS environment." (Abstract)
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"Encryption is a hot topic in the current global discussion on Internet governance. This research delves into the subject, to outline a global overview of the various means of encryption, their availability and their potential applications in the media and communications landscape. The research expl
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ains how the deployment of encryption is affected by different areas of law and policy, and it offers detailed case studies of encryption in selected jurisdictions. It analyzes in-depth the role of encryption in the media and communications landscape, and the impact on different services, entities and end users. Built on this exploration and analysis, the research provides recommendations on encryption policy that are useful for various stakeholders. These include signaling the need to counter the lack of gender sensitivity in the current debate, and also highlighting ideas for enhancing “encryption literacy." (Back cover)
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"This United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) report documents the national state of journalists' safety and the issue of impunity by providing an overview of the safety situation of journalists in Nepal. It also e
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xamines the context of safety and the responsibility of all stakeholders in addressing the issue of journalists' safety in the country. Based on UNESCO's Media Development Indicators (MDI), UNESCO's Journalists' Safety Indicators (JSI) are developed within the context of the endorsement of the UN Plan of Action on Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity, providing a baseline of knowledge against which progress can be assessed. Using various methods, including document analysis and interviews with various informants, this research documents the actors and actions in place for the protection of journalists in Nepal, grouped around 4 key indicator categories, namely: the roles and response of the State and other political actors; the roles and response of civil society and academia; the roles and response of media and intermediaries; and the roles and response of the UN system and other extra-national actors with a presence in Nepal. In an overview of the situation of journalists' safety in Nepal, this report also provides information on the number of threats and attacks on journalists in the course of their work. Appendix one describes the methodology and sources of data in more detail." (Abstract)
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"How does media influence beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors? We know surprisingly little about this influence and I argue that two mechanisms account for its impact. Media provides new information that persuades individuals to accept it (individual channel), but also, media informs listeners about w
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hat others learn, thus facilitating coordination (social channel). Using a field experiment in Mexico, I disentangle these effects and analyze norms surrounding violence against women. I examine the effect of a radio program when it is transmitted privately versus when it is transmitted through public outlets. Although I find no evidence supporting the individual mechanism, the social channel increased rejection of violence against women, support for gender equality, and unexpectedly, increased pessimism regarding the future decline of violence." (Abstract)
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"The aim of the present book is to provide both empirical and theoretical input to the discussions of the role of journalism and media in conflict and post-conflict situations and in the often rather muddy waters between them. Together, the contributions to this book from different parts of the worl
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d emphasise that discussions about post-conflict situations will gain from including the media. At the same time, the contributions problematise the concept of post-conflict and powerfully illustrate that the phase between war/conflict and peace is neither unidirectional nor linear, as the use of the concept sometimes seems to imply. Reaching a peace agreement or arranging for the termination of hostilities is, in itself, no guarantee that peace can be secured. The examples from Afghanistan, Colombia and South Sudan in this book show this up clearly. Remaining post-conflict societal friction may even be as threatening to long-lasting peace as the war itself. Hence, post-conflict may be seen as a “conflict situation in which open warfare has come to an end. However, such situations remain tense for years or decades and can easily relapse into large-scale violence” (Junne and Verkoren 2005)." (Introduction, pages 16-17)
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"Open Educational Resources (OER) — teaching, learning and research materials that their owners make free for others to use, revise and share — offer a powerful means of expanding the reach and effectiveness of worldwide education. The Commonwealth of Learning (COL) and
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UNESCO co-organised the World OER Congress in 2012 in Paris. That Congress resulted in the OER Paris Declaration: a statement that urged governments around the world to release, as OER, all teaching, learning and research materials developed with public funds. This book, drawing on 15 case studies contributed by 29 OER researchers and policy-makers from 15 countries across six continents, examines the implementation of the pivotal declaration through the thematic lenses of policy, costs and transformation. The case studies provide a detailed picture of OER policies and initiatives as they are unfolding in different country contexts and adopting a range of approaches, from bottom-up to top-down. The book illuminates the impacts of OER on the costs of producing, distributing and providing access to learning materials, and shows the way that OER can transform the teaching and learning methodology mindset." (Back cover)
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"The book is divided into five sections: 1. Community Empowerment and Sustainable Development; 2. Hate speech and Incitement; 3. Radicalization and Extremism; 4. Human Rights and Gender Equality; 5. Inter-religious and Intercultural Discourses in the media. Articles submitted are linked to one of th
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e sub-themes above in the context of media and information literacy. Special attention has been given to the intercultural dimensions of these areas. Papers involve an effort to engage the reader to understand media and information literacy beyond their home country or professional area of competence." (Page 16)
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"Journalists around the world are being killed and threatened for doing their work. This is a serious hindrance to freedom of expression and the safe practice of journalism. UN and UNESCO have led the process to create the UN Plan of Action on the
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Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity to improve the safety of journalists. As a part of the UN Plan, UNESCO also developed the Journalists’ Safety Indicators (JSI) assessment, which enables evaluation of the safety of journalists in a given country. Based on the first JSI assessments in Pakistan, Guatemala, Honduras, Nepal and Kenya in 2013-2015, but also following the recent developments in the practice of journalism, this article argues that in order to protect journalists and those practicing journalism properly, the concept of ‘journalist’ needs to be defined broadly. Furthermore, special attention needs to be paid to digital safety issues, women journalists, and wide-based cooperation on the safety of journalists." (Abstract)
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"The imprisonment of Al Jazeera English (AJE) journalists (Australian Peter Greste, Egyptian-Canadian national Mohamed Fahmy, and Egyptian Baher Mohamed) in Egypt between 2013 and 2015 reflected the recent ten agenda items of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (
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UNESCO) about the safety of journalists (Pöyhtäri & Berger, 2015). Building on the relevance of press theories (Siebert, Peterson, & Schramm, 1956; Curran, 2002) as well as developmental and peace journalism (Carpentier, 2007 cited in Cammaerts & Carpentier, 2007) as a theoretical basis, this paper examines the twenty-one month reportage of the AJE case by public broadcasters such as AJE, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC). It assesses whether the UNESCO’s Safety of Journalist agenda was covered. A “mixed method” (Kolmer, 2008), quantitative and qualitative content analysis research design, was used. Four hundred and ninety-five articles from the three broadcasters’ coverage were analyzed in two stages which overall began from the day (December 29, 2013) of arrest of the AJE trio until a week after Fahmy’s and Mohamed’s final release (September 30, 2015). The analysis found that items noted in the UNESCO’s Safety of Journalists’ agenda were not overtly spelt out in the coverage by the broadcasters but cloaked under a wider press freedom framework that hung over the case. Findings also reflected the critical need to address the safety of journalists in Egypt and other parts of Africa, despite the democratic awaking of the 2011 Arab Spring." (Abstract)
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"The primary objective of the 2015 NIMP Mission was to provide technical inputs to activities underway under UNESCO’s Safety of Journalists project, particularly in terms of setting up an independent national mechanism on safety at the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC). Another key objective
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was to advocate in favour of international best practices on press freedom, freedom of expression (FOE) and the right to information (RTI). Unlike previous missions, where advocacy had been the main objective, the 2015 Mission focused on three areas: The architecture of the NHRC mechanism, including a review of the procedures, by-laws, structure and organisation for making it an effective tool for ensuring safety of journalists and free expression advocates; Advocating in favour of respect for international standards on free expression and the safety of journalists, including via enabling provisions on free expression in the new constitution; Activities relating to the UNESCO safety project where there was need for international technical support." (IMS website)
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"This book outlines all the methods for conducting research—both active and passive as well as quantitative and qualitative—in all forms of media, including new media such as the Internet, mobile phones and social media. It explains the ways in which media audiences are measured, understood and
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taken into account in media planning, advertising sales and social development campaigns. It shows how datasets are analysed and used. The statistical theories behind good quantitative research are explained in simple and accessible language. The book is intended for both media research scholars and practitioners." (Publisher description)
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"UNESCO’s vision of universal Knowledge Societies builds on a free, open and trusted Internet that enables people to not only have the ability to access information resources from around the world, but to also contribute information and knowledge to local and global communities. What can
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UNESCO do to move towards the realization of this vision of Internet-enabled Knowledge Societies that can foster inclusive sustainable human development worldwide? To address this question within the mandate of this study, UNESCO has worked with Member States and other stakeholders to analyse four separate but interdependent fields of Internet policy and practice, within the mandate of UNESCO, perceived to be central to achieving this vision. These are access to information and knowledge, freedom of expression, privacy, and ethical norms and behaviour online. This report assesses these four fields by viewing them as keystones for building a free and trusted global Internet that will enable inclusive Knowledge Societies." (Executive summary)
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"On average across Asia and the Pacific, women make up 28.6 percent of the media workforce. The proportions are lower in decision-making roles in media organizations where women make up 17.9 percent of executive roles, 19.5 percent of senior editorial and 22.6 percent of mid-level editorial position
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s. There is a clear gender pay gap, with women on average earning US$436 per month, compared with men earning US$506 per month. In Malaysia, the pay gap is the smallest with women earning much higher money and at more equitable levels than the regional average. In contrast, Cambodia and Pakistan had the widest gender pay gap with men earning much higher salaries. Arguably, in Cambodia this could be due to more women journalists recently joining the profession. Women continue to be restricted by stereotypical beats, and face more job insecurity, lower wages and gender discrimination but they are multi-skilled and usually working across more beats than men." (Executive summary)
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"Este Manual de Bioética para periodistas es el resultado de un Seminario organizado por el Programa Regional de bioética y ética de la ciencia de la UNESCO, en colaboración con la Universidad del Bosque en la ciudad de Bogotá, destinado a la
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capacitación de periodistas en temas de Bioética. El objetivo principal fue brindar los conocimientos básicos que los profesionales de los medios de comunicación deberían tener para informar de manera adecuada a la comunidad sobre temas éticos que involucran la vida en general y la salud humana en particular y que están atravesados por conflictos de valores, creencias, principios o derechos. [...] Se incluyen temas de bioética clínica como son los que emergen del comienzo y el final de la vida humana (aborto, fertilización asistida, directivas anticipadas, muerte digna, trasplantes de órganos, etc.), o de ética de la investigación (los límites que debe tener la investigación en la que participan seres humanos, los derechos de los pacientes y las obligaciones de investigadores, gobiernos y empresas farmacéuticas), las cuestiones relacionadas al medio ambiente (como el cambio climático, la contaminación con agroquímicos, los alimentos transgénicos, el desarrollo tecnológico y los riesgos para el planeta), y todo el gran espectro de temas sociales tan frecuentes en nuestra región como la exclusión social, la discriminación, la pobreza, la inequidad y, fundamentalmente el derecho a la salud. Estas, entre muchas otra cuestiones que son parte de la agenda bioética tal cual la entiende la UNESCO como un área de conocimiento que se aborda desde el enfoque de los derechos humanos y por tanto desde un paradigma más amplio que lo puramente biomédico." (Introducción)
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