"This guide can be used to prepare a process or a workshop aimed at formulating a Theory of Change (ToC) and also enables staff and partners to critically assess an existing ToC. This is not a traditional step-by-step guide: the document mainly aims to clarify the underlying ideas of the ToC." (Page 2)
1 Introduction, 2
2 ToC: what is it about? 4
3 How to develop a good quality ToC, 10
4 Using the ToC to support your programme formulation, 22
5 Using the ToC to support your M&E system, 28
6 Annexes, 36
Examples of change models, 36
First aid for the critical reading of a ToC, 38
The example of Plan Belgium: formulating learning questions, 41
The example of the CIMADE project: reporting scheme and analysis frameworks, 42
Suggestions for evaluation questions, 44
References and literature list . 45