"Freedom of religion or belief is an essential human right. Not a superordinate right, but not a marginal right either. It is closely intertwined with other rights such as freedom of opinion or assembly, or the right to be protected against discrimination.
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And that is the objective of my efforts: to embed this right firmly at the centre of the human rights agenda. There is still a long way to go to achieve this [...]
This report is about advancing the debate and it also enters new territory. It builds on the work done by my predecessor, Markus Grübel, but there are also some aspects where the report has been developed further. This is also reflected in the number of focus countries, which has been increased from 30 to 41. The German Parliament, the Bundestag, had asked for the country section to be expanded, and we were happy to comply with that request. Enlarging the range of countries covered by the report provides an opportunity to do two things at once: offer a regular report on developments in individual regions, and expand the focus in the light of new challenges. Among the focus countries that have been added this year are Armenia, Belarus, Guatemala, the Central African Republic, Lebanon, the Maldives and Syria. For some of them, the decision to add them was taken in the light of recent developments. With these aims in mind, the report will continue to be submitted at regular intervals as intended by the Bundestag, building on a solid basis of data and information.
The report explores new ground above all with its thematic focus on the freedom of religion or belief of Indigenous peoples. There are about 5,000 such groups of people worldwide, with an estimated total population of more than 470 million. With this focus our report ties in with a report by the UN Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief, developing the topic further. In the process of drafting the report, I realised that we are doing pioneering work, because there was and still is the belief that Indigenous spirituality has nothing to do with freedom of religion or belief. The report provides an opportunity to look in a different way at conflicts over land and infrastructure that involve Indigenous communities. And to develop an understanding that often such conflicts are not just about resources but in fact have to do with Indigenous peoples’ belief that all natural things have a spirit or soul. My personal learning curve on this topic is closely connected with Indigenous communities in Guatemala and my experiences with conflictual infrastructure projects. When I visited Guatemala many years ago, I had difficulty understanding why people staged fierce and violent protests against small-scale hydropower plants that were actually environmentally friendly. Today I know that the areas surrounding a small river were regarded as important spiritual places, with Indigenous communities believing that the forest had a soul, and that interfering with nature there without giving any thought to the spiritual implications was not acceptable." (Preface, page 2)
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"MEDIA LOVES TECH is the name and the idea behind this project that got underway in 2018. The goal is to bring together two worlds that are often too far apart: journalism and the startup communit
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y. Together with Al Khatt, a local project partner and non-governmental media organization, we wanted to scout, promote, develop and test innovations for the media sector. That same year, a legal support framework for startups in Tunisia came into effect, structured around a label of merit and benefits for entrepreneurs, investors and startups. Just like MEDIA LOVES TECH, it aims to support development through bold entrepreneurial spirit and innovative ideas. Since its launch, the annual MEDIA LOVES TECH incubation program, financed by the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), supports eight to twelve startups. Implemented almost entirely online, and originally as a three-day mentor-supported hackathon, it has grown to become an incubation cycle that lasts three months. It promotes all phases of a startup — from the original idea to market entry.
It has been five years since the program was started and it is still going strong. This publication is an initial assessment. Does the belief that progress comes from promoting innovation hold true? Can promoting new media projects with viable business models succeed in an unstable economic or political environment? One needs to look at various aspects to find answers. It is often said that over 90 percent of startups go under in the first two years. Still, startups are often seen as a forerunner to economic development and as having a stimulating effect on the overall economy. Even if initiatives do flop, their traces can still be found in the ecosystem. When assessing the MEDIA LOVES TECH program, it is worth reflecting on what has been achieved and gaining insights for the future. Five projects are presented here. Our team has taken an in-depth look at the projects’ stories and progress and includes key performance indicators. Measuring impact in an unsteady startup environment can be a challenge, and our success stories address this. But as we at DW Akademie believe, “big changes start small,” and so do the startups presented here." (Foreword)
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"This handbook is divided into three main sections: Fact-Checking, Digital Security, and Data Journalism. Each section contains a series of chapters that cover essential topics, providing you with a holistic understanding of these subjects. Let's t
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ake a brief look at what each section entails. In the Fact-Checking section, we will explore the fundamentals of fact-checking, including the identification and debunking of false information. We will delve into the importance of verification and provide you with practical techniques to verify images and videos. Additionally, we will discuss transparency in media and the vital role it plays in fostering trust and credibility. The Digital Security section focuses on safeguarding digital information and protecting against cyber-attacks. We will examine various types of cyber threats and discuss the importance of digital security in the context of journalism. You will learn valuable tips and tools to enhance your digital security and reduce risks in an increasingly interconnected world. The Data Journalism section introduces the world of data and its application in journalism. You will learn how to find and analyse data, as well as how to create compelling data-driven stories. We will explore data visualisation techniques and discuss the role of social media in engaging with audiences. Throughout this handbook, you will encounter readings, notes, self-tests, and activities designed to enhance your learning experience. We encourage you to engage actively with the material, complete the suggested activities, and seek further clarification if needed." (Preamble, page 6)
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"Overall, one finding stands out: the international community has repeatedly overestimated its own capacity and the capacity of its Afghan partners to bring about rapid social change. What has worked best are modest, locally embedded projects with
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immediate, tangible benefits. What has rarely worked are complex projects aimed at building capacity and changing behaviour. More specifically, interventions in basic health and education, and in improving basic livelihoods, led to results. Interventions in building capacity for the administration, or in sectors such as the rule of law or gender, rarely worked. In reading these 148 reports, one also realizes that the international aid community is often not good at learning. Monitoring and evaluation systems are weak, and have hardly improved since 2002. Back in the early 2000s, many donors pointed out that, in order to achieve meaningful and sustainable development, more time was necessary. Fifteen years later, few sustainable results have been achieved, but many donors continue to suggest that better results will still require more time. Few donors appear to have changed their fundamental strategic approach, despite the fact that their own evaluations strongly suggest that many aid programs are neither e cient nor e ective in the Afghan context. In all fairness, the Afghan context is an incredibly challenging one, as these 148 reports vividly remind us on almost every page. The situation on the ground was and still is characterized by a lack of basic security; Afghan partners in government and in civil society lack basic capacities; many entrenched political actors have little interest in real reforms. Despite these challenging conditions, there was since the early days of the international engagement in Afghanistan tremendous political pressure on development actors to rush in and to provide quick results. An additional layer of complexity was added by the fact that the international engagement was from the beginning both a civilian and a military intervention, and planners in headquarters as well as practitioners on the ground had to learn how to cope with the task of civil-military cooperation. Under such circumstances, designing e ective aid programs is a herculean task." (Introduction, page 8)
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"Make-IT started as a "laboratory" for new types of partnerships between development organisations, business, finance and entrepreneurs. After 2
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years of implementation experience, we can proudly say that we have successfully combined the strengths of the public and private sectors to promote digital innovation for sustainable and inclusive development. This impact report aims to highlight some of these results. GIZ implements Make-IT on behalf of the German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), together with more than 30 corporate and financing partners, social enterprises, hubs and networks. Meet them in chapter one! In its first two years, Make-IT focused on Kenya and Nigeria. In 2019, we expanded to Ghana and Tunisia, and Rwanda will follow. So far, Make-IT has supported tech entrepreneurs from 18 African countries. One of our first significant activities was the joint "Make-IT Accelerator" with business partners from the Make-IT Alliance. Building on this, we launched further programmes to improve the international visibility and credibility of African tech entrepreneurs, to catalyse partnerships with financing partners and to strengthen peer-to-peer learning and mentoring. These measures reached more than 400 tech entrepreneurs on the continent, 148 of whom have entered Make-IT’s highly selective start-up pipeline. Meet them in chapter two! Through our cooperation with national partners, we support African governments in establishing future-oriented institutional frameworks for digital entrepreneurship. Policy dialogues, better access to markets and finance, as well as capacity development for intermediaries in the ecosystems, such as hubs, mentors and public support organisations, help strengthen enabling environments for young entrepreneurs in the digital sector. You can find an overview in chapter three! We will continue to form partnerships and share methodologies for thriving tech entrepreneurship ecosystems in Africa. Find out how to collaborate with us in chapter four!" (Editorial)
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"The present paper explores approaches for assessing efficiency. Efficiency is a powerful concept for decision making and ex post assessments of
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development interventions but, nevertheless, often treated rather superficially in project appraisal, project completion and evaluation reports. Assessing efficiency is not an easy task but with potential for improvements, as the report shows. Starting with definitions and the theoretical foundations the author proposes a three level classification related to the analytical power of efficiency analysis methods. Based on an extensive literature review and a broad range of interviews, the report identifies and describes 15 distinct methods and explains how they can be used to assess efficiency. It concludes with an overall assessment of the methods described and with recommendations for their application and further development." (Foreword)
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