1 Introduction: the changing context of performance audit / Tom Ling, 1
2 A framework for understanding the contribution of public services to public benefit / Tom Ling, 6
3 Building your own toolkit and capacity set / Tom Ling, 11
4 Benchmarking / Philip-Bastian Brutscher, 21
5 Delphi exercises / Sharif Ismail, 27
6 Discrete choice modelling / Dimitris Potoglou, Chong Woo Kim and Peter Burge, 34
7 Economic evaluation / Annalijn Conklin, 42
8 Focus group interviews / Aasha Joshi, 54
9 Futures research / Stijn Hoorens, 60
10 Grounded theory / Richard Warnes, 76
11 Impact assessment / Jan Tiessen, 83
12 Key informant interviews / Aasha Joshi, 100
13 Logic models / Lidia Villalba van Dijk, 106
14 Network analysis / Priscillia Hunt, 116
15 Online tools for gathering evidence / Neil Robinson, 122
16 Payback framework / Sonja Marjanovic, 129
17 Process mapping / Jan Tiessen, 146
18 Quantitative techniques in performance audit / Alaa Shehabi, 162
19 Stakeholder engagement / Lila Rabinovich, 184
20 Standard cost modelling / Carlo Drauth, 190