"A reportagem é o género nobre do jornalismo. Mais do que compilar estudos académicos e experiências dos repórteres, o que se pretende neste Manual de Reportagem é dar lugar ao debate e à reflexão, trazer pontos de vista sobre a história, a narrativa, a ética, de como tudo isto se cruza no
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ensino da reportagem e nas suas diversas linguagens. Seja com sons, com texto, com imagens ou juntando tudo isto e acrescentando novas ferramentas digitais no multimédia, é a reportagem que melhor nos mostra a rua e o mundo. Mas, ao mesmo tempo, é este género jornalístico que mais sofre com a escassez de meios técnicos, a redução de jornalistas nas redações e o imperativo do imediato na informação, que castra o tempo de pesquisa e maturação de que a reportagem precisa. As quase três dezenas de vozes inquietas que aqui reunimos contam-nos histórias limite, revelam-nos dilemas éticos, expõem-se a eles e ao método que usam para relatarem, “com todos os sentidos”, a realidade que observam. A esta lista faltarão nomes (faltariam sempre) que, por muitas razões, deveriam estar. Ainda são muitos os que em Portugal erguem a pena em defesa do jornalismo." (Capa traseira)
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"Community radio in Europe is maturing more and more. However, in Central and Eastern Europe, in which countries are still coping with a fatal heritage of the totalitarian history, community radio is now struggling for its rightful place. This is also the case in Poland. Because of insufficient lega
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l recognition of the community sector in media law, radio stations with non-commercial goals exist often outside the official licensed third sector of media. These are, for example, religious stations, student broadcasters as well as stations run by NGOs and local governments. Moreover, in some communities closed circuit radio stations play a significant role – for example, in prisons, at schools and student hostels. There are also a lot of internet radio initiatives in very diverse communities. In this article I would like to explain the legal situation of community broadcasting, to characterize the community media movement as well as to shortly present stations with non-commercial goals in Poland. Moreover, a research project about such stations in Poland will be discussed." (Abstract)
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"This paper will use the example of the approach taken by UK Community Radio station, 'Future Radio' to obtain both quantitative data primarily through street surveys and qualitative data through on-line questionnaires, exploring why the station felt such research to be both necessary and beneficial
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. Showing how reasonably accurate data can be obtained on a cost-effective basis, issues of accuracy and practical difficulties will also be explored. Finally, the paper will examine some of the opportunities and challenges raised by the changing nature of radio listening and interaction brought about by new methods of consumption such as Internet streaming and mobile 'smart-phone' applications." (Abstract)
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"Great changes have been taken place in the patterns of China’s radio programs since 1980s. Its role has changed from the government’s “propaganda tool” to meet the multiple needs of the radio listeners; its profit mode somehow has varied from full national funding to making profit independe
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ntly; with the assistance of digital technology, the traditional broadcasting program patterns, which was all about manuscripts writing and reading, have been also altered into ones that involve audience interaction. This paper is a case study of 'Helping Each Other in Beijing', a radio program for the elderly by Public Service Frequency in Beijing Radio Station. It analyzes the program from its concept, content, audience interaction, and hosting style. It displays, in the age of new media and globalization, which is full of fierce competition, how the broadcasters in China create new philosophy and concept of radio programs, how they react to the new relationship between audience and them, and how they build up their new media image." (Abstract)
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"Government and radio broadcasting stations have been debating the model of digital transmission to be adopted in Brazil, without having come to a consensus. The impasse is related to the technological characteristics of the available systems (HD Radio, DRM, and DAB) that are not integrally adaptabl
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e to the model of radio broadcasting, to the regulatory laws, and to the rules of the radio market in the country. Tests done with HD Radio revealed that the digital system does not provide the same coverage as a quality analogical AM radio. Other aspects are the technical conditions of the Brazilian broadcasting stations and their adaptability to a digital system: 37% of them still function with valve transmitters, most of them being between AM commercial and public radios. As they are broadcasting stations with few resources for investment in transistorized equipment, it will be necessary to create public policies of incentive for digitalization, which would collaborate to the sustainability of the sector. The data are integrated into national research, based on a sample of 750 stations, which corresponds to 96.42% of the profile of the Brazilian radio market." (Abstract)
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"Radio advertising in Argentina has been adapted to the changing needs of radio. This paper aims to describe and analyze the advertisement formats used in the four leading prime time programs in Argentina. The methodology is a content analysis that is applied to a sample of four programs each one wi
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th duration of four hours (ranging from 9 AM to 1 PM, Monday through Friday) for two weeks in October 2010. Therefore, the sample amounts to 160 hours of programming, 40 for each program. Sponsorships are least used, while the advertising segments are prevalent in all programs. The advertising segments are very different in length for the AM vs. FM. The “mention” has becomed increasingly common in prime time. The speaker´s role is essential to the "selling” of products or services and his function becomes more important when programs incorporate dialogue sections to include brand mentions with time for humorous banter. The terms of prime time advertising on Argentinean radio have changed in recent years in order to adapt to the current needs of radio: programming criteria, use of ss, variety of content and voices and interaction with the listener." (Abstract)
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