"This study is a descriptive literature review. The purpose of this literature review is to describe factors which associate behavior and behavior change in the communities and to describe communication and communication methods which have been used in behavior change communication programs in developing countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of the study is to provide information about health behavior communication in community and used methods which can be utilized in behavior change campaign in developing countries.
The study followed the process of descriptive literature review. After the identification of the research question, data were collected from the scientific databases, Academic Search Premier and ProQuest, and manually from the other sources between February and August 2015. 39 researches were accepted to this review, most of them were published in 2009 or after and conducted by the quantitative method. Data were analyzed by the descriptive synthesis. The synthesis produced seven main themes which contained factors related behavior and behavior change and communication.
Communal and personal issues, culture, education and knowledge, economy and access to goods are related to behavior and behavior change as well as way of communication. The above mentioned issues, both individual and community are interwoven to each other and therefore behavior change need to be seen in wider context. Community’s influence on behavior is stronger in comparison with the individual’s own capability to behavior change and therefore the involvement of the community from the beginning is a key issue for the success of behavior change campaigns. Various media channels can be used to deliver the message of behavior change and combination of many communication methods such as mass media and personal communication predicts better outcome." (Abstract)