"As part of a broader analysis of corruption in emergencies, the U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre initiated a dialogue on the role(s) of the media. On 30 May 2006, a working meeting held at NORAD offices in Oslo brought together donors, NGOs and journalists, including media practitioners from Sri
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Lanka, Liberia and Nepal. The purpose was to draw on actual case studies to suggest ways in which humanitarian agencies and the media can mutually support responsible coverage of corruption in emergency aid. Recommendations to donors, humanitarian agencies, and both local and international media are presented at the end of this report." (Back cover)
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"This guidebook is designed to help young people and those who work with them design and produce entertaining radio programmes which help construct a peaceful future. The basis of this guide was developed in September 2005 at a workshop in Ghana bringing together presenters and producers from 12 sub
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-Saharan African countries who explored the skills necessary to make youth programmes which engage the audience and have a positive rather than negative impact, helping resolve rather than inflame conflict. The principles behind include new ways of seeing their roles, new perspectives on conflict, and new objectives and techniques for presenting their programmes." (Publisher description)
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"The lack of a consolidated government since the fall of Siyad Barre’s regime in 1991 has led to a proliferation in the number and variety of media sources in Somalia. However, inter-factional violence and conflict has since torn the country apart, creating a difficult environment for media practi
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tioners to work in. In the self-proclaimed autonomous state of Somaliland, relative political stability and cooperation from the community has created a potentially conducive environment to media development. However, a lack of international recognition has limited access to the financial assistance needed to strengthen the media sector outside of the public domain. Changes in university curricula and international initiatives have increased training options for journalists. More and more journalists are being trained in the basic skills and ethics of journalism which, as interviewees agree, has had a positive impact on the quality and quantity of information disseminated. Steady changes in production methods and content have increased the variety of programmes on TV and radio. Poverty and lack of infrastructure have limited the spread of TV and print in Somalia. Likewise, with low levels of literacy in Somalia, radio has the greatest reach, but stations remain concentrated in Mogadishu. An important change to the industry has been the formation of various journalistic trade unions, but journalists remain amongst some of the poorest paid in the world." (Summary & conclusions, page 77)
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"While acknowledging that the situation is not entirely ideal, most of the interviewees believed a lot has been achieved in terms of the development of the media in Mozambique over the past five years. This was mainly due to relatively stable political conditions, underpinned by a liberal constituti
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on that enshrines media freedom and the freedom of expression as fundamental rights. In as far as press freedom is concerned, the Constitution is complemented by a Press Law that the interviewees in general considered to be fair, balanced and progressive, allowing for a diversity of views that play an important role in shaping public opinion. An informed public opinion is key for a political system that is deeply rooted in the people, and is in turn the basic condition for long-term stability, which in itself leads to sustainable social well-being and economic prosperity. It was interesting to note from the interviews that there is a general awareness of the important role of the mass media in Mozambique’s development process, and in the consolidation of the country’s nascent democracy. Despite this awareness, however, and although there is understanding of the need to develop the media, the issue has not been fully exploited either by government or by the donors. (Summary & conclusions, page 60)
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"An analysis of the book markets in Nigeria, providing general background, details of the education system, together with overviews of the general, academic and professional, and school book markets, and supported by a wide range of appendices and tables." (Hans M. Zell, Publishing, Books & Reading
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in Sub-Saharan Africa, 3d ed. 2008, nr. 849)
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"'The only true history of a country', wrote Thomas Macaulay, 'is to be found in its newspapers'. This book explores how the media shaped and defined the economic, social, political and cultural dynamics of the British Empire by viewing it from the perspective of the colonised as well as the colonis
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ers." (Publisher description)
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"There has been significant growth in media outlets. In the new regime, the relationship between the media and the government has improved greatly. For the media in Tanzania to develop, resource allocation should be considered as a priority. There is a need to look at how much the government and don
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or community are funding the development of media, and which media should be given priority. Commitment from media players is very important, as is ethical reporting that contributes to a better society. The production of local content should be increased. In order for the media truly to understand the audience and their needs, they must engage in dialogue with the public. There exists a big gap between the concentration and number of media outlets in rural vs urban parts of Tanzania. Community media should be prioritised. There is a critical need for journalists to be trained in specialist areas and in investigative journalism, and for them to understand the importance of the role they play in improving democracy. Although most media organisations have planned media activities, only a few of them have a specific annual budget set aside for such activities. To improve media planning activities there should be a specific planned budget for media activities." (Summary & conclusions, page 57)
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"The iConnect website and monthly e-Bulletin is a major source for information on the application of knowledge and Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in sustainable development. In 2005, as part of an effort to get more ‘southern voices’ into the current global discourse on ICT fo
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r development, iConnect formed a team of six coordinators in Africa who regularly commission articles by local journalists on the impact and the use of ICTs for development. The articles, written from a southern perspective, appear regularly on the iConnect website in English, French and Spanish." (Back cover)
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"This edition of Facts & Figures 2005 for Culture and Media Development Cooperation updates information on the Culture and Media sector development cooperation for the fiscal year 2005. The information provided is based on Sida disbursements." (Publisher description)
"On February 2, 2006, Angola’s National Assembly approved a new press law, which entered into force on May 15. The law regulates the activity of media companies and professionals in television and radio broadcasting and in the written and electronic press. This report analyses the new law in the c
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ontext of international human rights standards. Given the Government of Angola’s poor record in protecting freedom of expression, the press law is especially crucial in the current pre-election period in Angola to ensure that the press can report freely in the run-up to national elections, tentatively scheduled for 2007. The new legislation represents an improvement over Angola’s previous press law in many respects. Key improvements include the elimination of the state monopoly over TV broadcasting; the creation of public TV and radio that are to be governed by principles of public interest (such as ensuring the plurality of opinions, providing accurate and impartial information that is widely accessible and providing politically balanced information during election periods), and provisions that allow a journalist accused of defamation to cite the truthfulness of the facts reported in his or her defense in cases involving Angola’s president. While Human Rights Watch welcomes the Government of Angola’s reform of its media law, it is concerned that the new law still contains elements that fall short of international human rights standards. The law defines certain conduct as “criminal” in unclear and sweeping terms and establishes excessive penalties for those crimes, including defamation; it includes provisions that may result in excessive limitations on press freedom; and it provides for the establishment of licensing procedures for private TV and radio broadcasters that are largely subject to the discretion of governmental bodies. The Angolan government should amend those provisions of the press law that are not in accordance with international and regional human rights standards, most urgently those criminalizing defamation. In addition, too many key principles and procedures of the law are left for further implementing laws and regulations and no transitional arrangements are defined to address problems that may arise in the application of the law pending adoption of the implementing legislation. The lack of such laws and regulations makes several provisions of the new press law largely inoperable." (Summary)
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"The African Charter on Broadcasting, adopted in 2001 on the tenth anniversary of the Windhoek Declaration, alongside the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights Declaration of Principles on Freedom of Expression in Africa establish a series of important principles that should guide the de
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velopment of African broadcasting. These include: the crucial important of independent broadcasting regulators; the transformation of state and government broadcasters into public broadcasters; the importance of encouraging pluralism and diversity in ownership of broadcasting. The task of implementing these principles lies to a large extent with African broadcasting regulators. This manual is aimed at members and staff of African broadcasting regulatory bodies, along with others, such as journalists, broadcasters and civil society groups who are seeking to realize the ideals in these declarations." (Purpose of this manual, page 10)
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