"It aims at providing a holistic view of digital transformation in the agriculture sector of 47 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The region’s digital agriculture landscape is assessed through six key themes, namely: infrastructure, digital penetration, policy and regulation, business environment,
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human capital and agro-innovation. Beyond the analysis of the region against the six focal themes, the report presents both the status-quo and challenges faced by countries in their digital transformation journeys, which can assist policymakers to identify possible areas of intervention to drive the process of agricultural digitalization in the region. It highlights the need to strengthen digital infrastructure for universal connectivity, to connect the unconnected in sub-Saharan Africa and to support the integration of digital technologies to advance digital agricultural transformation." (Foreword)
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"This study examined the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of digital safety among journalists in Kano State. It aimed at examining the awareness of digital safety and threats and also the mechanisms used by Kano state online journalists to respond to such threats. The study adopted the Protect
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ion Motivation Theory (PMT). The study employed a survey method using structured questionnaires. Data were gathered from 210 respondents through a simple random sampling of online journalists. Findings of the study revealed that most online journalists in Kano state are quite aware of digital safety and digital threats. However, the majority of journalists just use strong password and changing of password as a mechanism to prevent attacks online. Findings also show that most female journalists in Kano experienced intimidation and harassment online. This could be due to the fact that women in northern Nigeria are not given much freedom like men. Therefore, there is a high need for professional training of Kano journalists, especially female journalists, on advanced strategies to prevent themselves and their data online." (Abstract)
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"This research presents findings and recommendations about the nature, scale, and impact of threats faced by select categories of public-facing women in Sierra Leone. Specifically, by women human rights defenders (HRDs) and women journalists." (Research methodology)
"Key findings: exposure to vaccination information from faith leaders and health facilities was associated with increased likelihood of vaccination uptake; the significant association between exposure to a greater number of immunization information sources and increased likelihood of vaccination upt
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ake reinforces the need for multiple sources to provide consistent and accurate immunization information to facilitate positive vaccination behavior. Key implications: social and behavior change communication interventions may optimize the promotion of immunization services through multiple information sources such as health facilities and community-based assets including faith leaders and lay community health workers; religion and faith play an important role in how people understand health and make health decisions. In Sierra Leone and other similar settings, interventions to improve uptake of immunization services may be enhanced by proactively engaging faith leaders." (Page 1)
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"Drawing on the author’s and other media trainers’ experiences over a 25-year period, this book provides important insights into tailoring training programs to specific regions and countries. Case studies describe training in radio and television management, broadcasting, and media sustainabilit
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y, and are contextualized against the cultural and historical backgrounds of each region." (Publisher description)
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"Afrobarometer finds that most Africans own a mobile phone and have access to a mobile phone network. However, fewer than half own a mobile phone with Internet access, and even fewer have access to a computer. This translates to low levels of Internet use in many countries. Lack of Internet access a
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nd use is far more common among women and people who are rural, older, less wealthy, and/or less educated. There is also a sizeable gap between LDCs and more developed countries." (Summary, page 1-2)
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"The commercial advertising industry in Sierra Leone is in a parlous state – unstructured, uncoordinated and unregulated. The shambolic nature of the industry stems from three major shortcomings – a lack of policy regulation, a limited market, and poor professional practices. Existing policy whi
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ch exists only at the level of the Independent Media Commission (IMC) - the body tasked with regulating the media, public relations and advertising practices in accordance with the Independent Media Commission Act, 2020 – is limited to ethical considerations. Just one section (Section 4) of the Media Code of Practice is dedicated to the advertising industry. In the context of the advertising market itself, Sierra Leone has a modest economy with little competition, especially in the private sector. Brand advertising opportunities are few and far between and the government, which is among the leading advertisers in the country, is regarded as a bad debtor, particularly where paying fees to the media industry is concerned. Furthermore, rather than seeking to get value for money, government ministries, departments and agencies are widely suspected of using a system of political patronage and kickbacks when allocating and/or distributing advertising contracts to the media." (Executive summary)
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"This white paper seeks to unpack the use of Indigenous or non-majority language in the existing digital landscape. This ties into ideas about digital colonialism (Kwett, 2022), wherein hegemonic, or dominant, languages are threatening and jeopardising the ability for local language speakers to expr
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ess themselves and communicate in digital spaces. We hope to analyse a sample of existing scholarship on digital inclusion to examine how it plays out specifically through the use of local language on social media. We map key issues at work when local languages are used on social media platforms. These may concern issues that build on the theme of the digital divide to raise questions about digital equality, participation, citizenship, belonging and identity. Through this white paper, we aim to understand how the digital onboarding of language may empower, limit, extend and enrich user engagement. We also seek to unpack themes of access, safety and usability that the average user in these contexts may experience when using digital platforms for communication and daily life." (Aim of the paper, page 4)
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"Many mediators and peacebuilders are interested in using information about actors and narratives on social media to inform programming. Our starting assumption is that users of this toolkit do not have the resources to either hire a specialist social media analysis firm or to pay for commercial soc
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ial media analysis tools. Therefore, this toolkit is a practical how-to guide for mediators and peacebuilders who want to conduct their own social media analysis, offering an overview of what is possible, a practical guide to a handful of technology tools, and suggestions on analysis methods. The toolkit is also a why-to guide, offering ideas on what programming social media analysis can inform and when it is worth investing resources in this kind of analysis. The toolkit is structured in three sections:
Section 1 outlines what it is possible to do with social media data. It covers how to select the social media platforms on which to conduct analysis and explains what data it is possible to gather from each platform. It also offers three main use cases for social media analysis that can support the work of peacebuilders and mediators, explaining the kind of insights we can glean from social media data, and how they connect to relevant programming.
Section 2 outlines in detail how to work with Facebook and Twitter data. It includes how to come up with search parameters, how to decide whether to download data or view it in a search tool, how to access data from Facebook and Twitter, and how to organise data that has been collected. It also looks at analysis methods to find patterns in this data that can help peacebuilders and mediators understand what is the general narrative (netnography or narrative analysis), what people are talking about most and how (quantitative analysis), what is the tone and emotion of a narrative (sentiment analysis), and who is talking about what with whom (network analysis).
Section 3 offers case studies of social media analysis conducted to support peacebuilding or mediation programs. The case studies connect to the previous sections, illustrating how the methods and tools outlined are used in practice in our fields." (Introduction)
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"This programme and meeting document contains details and reflections on the Communication and Information Programme that developed activities such as the promotion of access to credible and reliable information on the pandemic, journalists' safety, media development, media and information literacy
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to counter misinformation, etc." (commbox)
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"The Generation Africa project centres on the lived experiences of African youth, the largest youth demographic in the world, whose futures will determine the shape of global fortunes over the next few decades. Working with 25 filmmakers and production companies from 16 countries in Africa, the coll
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ection weaves together myriad narratives connected through the theme of migration. The stories are unique in that they give an insider perspective on universal themes, which can only come through stories told from the inside. Through global broadcasting partners and online distribution, many people around the world can watch these incredible stories of hope, loss and determination. However, awareness does not always necessarily lead to change or action.
This is where the STEPS learning methodology assists communities to come to terms with the subject matter and receive the tools to effectively engage an audience to elicit a constructive discussion. For over two decades, the STEPS learning methodology has assisted facilitators in explaining and coordinating screenings, and guiding subsequent discussions which has resulted in powerful yet empathetic group sharing.
With subject matter ranging from defending human rights to combating HIV/Aids stigmatisation, the STEPS outreach facilitation guides take an honest, people-first approach to dealing with real battles that millions of people around the world encounter. In this Generation Africa Facilitation Guide, facilitators will be equipped with the knowledge to host screenings (in-person and remote), understand how to use films to discuss social issues and guiding questions for a post-screening discussion." (Introduction)
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"What are root causes of trust and distrust in media in different political contexts? How is media use shifted from one source to another with the change of political culture? What factors shape media perception across cultures and across political regimes? Are there commonalities or are they differ
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ent? Given the common instrumentalization of media in conflict environments and the growing ubiquity of political media capture, we may also ask, whether unfettered trust in media is normatively desirable under any circumstances. Put differently: Isn’t distrust a healthy response to propaganda and media manipulation? How is the concept of media literacy connected to trust or media scepticism? Do we need to be more sceptical rather than gullible? Against the backdrop of these (and other) questions, the Forum Media and Development (fome) dedicated its 2021 annual symposium to the question of trust in media, namely the question how media perception is shaped differently by different political contexts and media structures across the globe. Fome is the German platform for international media development initiatives (fome.info), a network that includes 24 organizations working towards strengthening free and independent media in developing and transitioning countries. The 2021 fome-symposium ran under the heading “Believe it or Not! Enquiries about TRUST in media (assistance)” and was organized by MiCT. The proceedings of the conference can be found online at https://fome.info/symposium-2021-documentation. Finally, this themed issue of the Global Media Journal – German Edition is curated as an extension of the conference and an effort to follow up upon some of the most pressing questions deriving from it." (Editorial)
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"1. Global internet freedom declined for the 12th consecutive year. The sharpest downgrades were documented in Russia, Myanmar, Sudan, and Libya. Following the Russian military’s illegal and unprovoked invasion of Ukraine, the Kremlin dramatically intensified its ongoing efforts to suppress domest
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ic dissent and accelerated the closure or exile of the country’s remaining independent media outlets. In at least 53 countries, users faced legal repercussions for expressing themselves online, often leading to draconian prison terms. 2 Governments are breaking apart the global internet to create more controllable online spaces. A record number of national governments blocked websites with nonviolent political, social, or religious content, undermining the rights to free expression and access to information. A majority of these blocks targeted sources located outside of the country. New national laws posed an additional threat to the free flow of information by centralizing technical infrastructure and applying flawed regulations to social media platforms and user data. 3. China was the world’s worst environment for internet freedom for the eighth consecutive year. Censorship intensified during the 2022 Beijing Olympics and after tennis star Peng Shuai accused a high-ranking Chinese Communist Party (CCP) official of sexual assault. The government continued to tighten its control over the country’s booming technology sector, including through new rules that require platforms to use their algorithmic systems to promote CCP ideology. 4. A record 26 countries experienced internet freedom improvements. Despite the overall global decline, civil society organizations in many countries have driven collaborative efforts to improve legislation, develop media resilience, and ensure accountability among technology companies. Successful collective actions against internet shutdowns offered a model for further progress on other problems like commercial spyware. 5. Internet freedom in the United States improved marginally for the first time in six years. There were fewer reported cases of targeted surveillance and online harassment during protests compared with the previous year, and the country now ranks ninth globally, tied with Australia and France. The United States still lacks a comprehensive federal privacy law, and policymakers made little progress on the passage of other legislation related to internet freedom. Ahead of the November 2022 midterm elections, the online environment was riddled with political disinformation, conspiracy theories, and online harassment aimed at election workers and officials. 6. Human rights hang in the balance amid a competition to control the web. Authoritarian states are vying to propagate their model of digital control around the world. In response, a coalition of democratic governments has increased the promotion of online human rights at multilateral forums, outlining a positive vision for the internet. However, their progress remains hampered by problematic internet freedom practices in their own countries." (Key findings)
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"Este livro surge em defesa da Lei de Acesso às Informações Públicas, que completa dez anos da entrada em vigor em 16 de maio de 2022. A Lei 12.527/11 ou LAI, como é conhecida, é inegavelmente um instrumento importante para a promoção da participação e da cidadania para a constituição de
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um esta do democrático previsto na Constituição Federal. Durante a primeira década de existência da LAI é possível constatar que houve avanços importantes na promoção do acesso à informação, pois a vigência da Lei permitiu a adoção de iniciativas de construção da visibilidade de informações antes disponíveis apenas para servidores e agentes políticos que viviam a intimidade da admi nistração pública e estavam habituados à premissa do segredo em detrimento da informação." (Em defesa da LAI, página 13)
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"The exhibition focuses on how young people envision their identities in their respective countries: what mental images do they collectively have about their life experiences. Thus, this project seeks to present collective memories from different parts of the world in an exhibition that will promote
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visual culture. It explores the way in which parts of the world presents themselves within a contemporary space. This exhibition therefore aims at giving the younger generation an edge in the visualization and narration of their understanding of the past through various means of artistic expressions. The expectation is that, these students’ works, created and exhibited from a wide and divergent cultural experience would provide some sort of emotional templates and indicators for the understanding of other cultures." (Introduction, page 5)
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"This is the final report in Pollicy's three-part series on African Women in AI. Launched in 2021, this project frames analysis of the state of artificial intelligence (AI) in Africa through a gender lens by exploring the impact of AI on women. This project emerged out of the need to fill the visibl
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e gap in conversations surrounding the impact of AI in Africa on women and promoting the inclusion and representation of African women and the associated challenges." (Executive summary)
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"A travers le projet « Autonomiser les jeunes en Afrique à travers les médias et la communication », mis en oeuvre dans 8 pays d’Afrique de l’Ouest et du Centre (Cameroun, Cote d’Ivoire, Ghana, Guinée-Conakry, Mali, Niger, Nigeria et Sénégal), l’UNESCO a, de septembre 2018 à septembr
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e 2022, oeuvré à l’amélioration de l’accès à l’information sur la migration afin de permettre aux jeunes de prendre des décisions éclairées sur la question. Les diverses interventions du projet ont porté notamment sur le renforcement des capacités des hommes et femmes professionnel(le)s des médias en matière de traitement de l’information, ou d’investigation journalistique, sur divers aspects de la migration, ainsi que la sensibilisation des jeunes, tant en ligne que hors ligne, sur l’importance du recours à l’information fiable sur la migration. Le projet s’est aussi attelé à analyser les pratiques et contenus des médias en rapport avec la migration afin de déceler des tendances, faiblesses et autres bonnes pratiques. Bien que le projet ait permis d’importantes réalisations en terme de production de contenus médiatiques (en français, anglais et en plus de 80 langues nationales) alliant qualité informationnelle, diversité des narratifs et représentation inclusive des voix (jeunes, femmes, hommes, etc.) de la migration, l’un des enjeux majeurs aujourd’hui est d’assurer la pérennisation de l’approche dans un contexte de montée de la désinformation relayée à travers les réseaux sociaux et aggravée par l’insuffisance de ressources dont les médias ont besoin pour assurer la production de contenus informationnels fiables et de qualité. Pour ce faire, il convient d’interroger, pour dégager des pistes d’action, les processus et les facteurs qui impactent la production médiatique, la construction des narratifs, les représentions des voix de la migration en Afrique de l’Ouest et du Centre. C’est à cette fin qu’a été organisée du 6 au 8 Septembre 2022 à Niamey la Conférence régionale : « Médias et voix de la migration en Afrique de l’Ouest et du Centre ». Les principales thématiques pour orienter les échanges pendant la Conférence régionale sont : « Enjeux et défis de la diversité des voix de la migration dans les médias »; « Médias et représentation de la migration et des personnes migrantes »; « Production de contenus éditoriaux sur la migration et facteurs d’influence »; « Importance de l’accès à l’information « complète » et de qualité sur la migration. » (Contexte et justification, page 4)
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"The book offers a critical map to navigate the field of media governance. A thread of cosmopolitan critique connects the fourteen chapters to enhance media governance literature beyond the West and regional foci. The first part addresses the epistemological and ontological flaws in the use and adap
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tation of media governance. The second part opens pathways for critique and provides a thorough understanding of the ambivalences that scholars encounter when addressing media governance as a field of study. The third part highlights shortcomings like geographical narrowness and tensions in the use of media governance concepts. The scholarly contributions show that media governance as a field of study is far from being established: its conceptualizations are in flux and need scholarly self-reflection, and ongoing discussions need to leave behind universalist conceptualizations and methods of analysis. The chapters reflect on hegemony, power, sovereignty, and identity as conceptual center points in media governance research. The book uniquely breaks with self-referential Western academia and is part of ongoing collaborative scholarly efforts towards epistemic transformation through dialogue." (Publisher description)
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