"National and Regional Internet Governance Forums (NRIs) are the stars of the 2017 Global Information Society Watch. The story of NRIs began two years after the first global IGF held in 2006. In 2008, stakeholders from Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania and Rwanda organised national forums and a subsequent Eas
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t African IGF, to prepare for and discuss common concerns in anticipation of the global forum held later that year in Hyderabad. Soon after, many other national and regional initiatives emerged, impacting the global forum from the bottom up, enhancing inclusiveness and the broad engagement of multiple stakeholders. Today there is widespread agreement that national and regional forums constitute an important part of the IGF process, that their rise has added significance to the global forum and, at the same time, strengthened national and regional initiatives in their quest for inclusive, participatory decision making on their home turf. This GISWatch edition is the first comprehensive look at national and regional IGF initiatives from a critical, civil society perspective. In all, 54 reports are presented, including seven reports addressing cross-cutting themes, 40 covering national IGFs, and seven examining regional initiatives." (Preface)
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"The Republic of Korea has been successful in investing in its people and its talents. It is now investing in the potential for the youth to be great entrepreneurs. We hope that this report will be useful to developing countries and encourage them to look into new growth opportunities and sustainabl
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e development based on creative new industries. There is no one single model for success in the creative economy. What really matters is what can be achieved by developing and investing in a creative and innovative economy, new jobs, new export opportunities and a more inclusive society. The Creative Economy report for the Republic of Korea is structured in five chapters. Chapter 1 gives a general introduction of the country's economic growth and success and the reasons for a shift to a new economic model and the creation of new jobs. Chapter 2 introduces the creative economy promotion strategy of the Republic of Korea that utilizes its science, information and communications technology capacity, all of which are the country's strengths. Whilst addressing strategic added value. Chapter 3 addresses the government strategy which is oriented to promoting small and medium-sized industries and start-ups, particularly in the creative content industries. Chapter 4 describes the 'creative economy valley' which is a government driven strategy to support the 'convergence of science and technology with industry, the fusion of culture, and industry and creativity and entrepreneurship. Chapter 5 provides conclusions and recommendations for future steps." (Executive summary)
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"Currency research organisations, i.e. organisations conducting research into media use, whose results constitute a nationally valid standard (“currency”) for the advertising business, are of prime importance for developed media systems. In 2017, the global advertising market will reach a volume
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of more than 500 billion US dollars. Nearly a third of that is spent in the USA, but countries such as China, Brazil and Mexico are registering big increases too.(199) Therefore, currency organisations and their research findings contribute not only to the allocation of economically significant resources, but also determine the very existence of media companies and products. Their relevance is thus not only of an (advertising) economic nature, but indirectly bears a political dimension. First and foremost, however, the function of the currency organisations is to provide transparency for the advertisers in terms of the advertising media’s contact performance. The current situation of currency research organisations is heavily shaped on onehand by developments in the media markets, and on the other by historic circumstances and the institutionalisation of the media systems in the various countries. As a general rule, in countries with strongly libertarian institutionalised media such as the USA and Brazil it seems to be harder to establish nationally recognised currencies – in the USA this is even banned through anti-trust laws. Then again, the institutionalisation of currencies may also hit difficulties in a country such as South Korea, where the boundaries between the media and (the rest of) the economic system are somewhat fluid, as the major industry conglomerates have their own media and advertising agencies." (Conclusions)
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"From a Buddhist perspective, social change needs transformation of both spiritual and personal aspect. Mindful communication is a methodology to a critical self-reflexivity and social engagement. It is to help us cope with greed, anger, and delusion. For the mass media and the media industry, delus
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ion deems to be addressed for both media practitioners and corporations. Being mindful is being addressed in this chapter. Anyone, not only journalists, should benefit from mindfulness understanding and practice." (Abstract)
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"Only 11 percent of 75 surveyed journalists said Cambodian media was headed in the right direction, down from 71 percent in 2015. 83 percent said media freedom had decreased in the past year. 92 percent consider the shutdowns of independent media outlets this year to have been political. 38 percent
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said they had been verbally or physically attacked sometime during their careers in Cambodia, and 47 percent said they had been threatened at one point, up from 26 and 29 percent in 2015. 14 percent said they had been verbally or physically attacked during the past year, and 20 percent said they had been threatened. 67 percent of journalists said they do not feel completely free to report on all subjects without fear of interference or repercussions, up from 58 percent in 2015 and 47 percent in 2014. 91 percent use encrypted messaging service WhatsApp for work communications. Corruption was rated as the most difficult topic to report on in Cambodia, with an average score of 4.2 out of 5. 60 percent said they had participated in more than five training sessions during their careers in Cambodia. 85 percent said they did not think the majority of journalists in Cambodia conducted themselves with sufficient professionalism. The Cambodia Daily, Phnom Penh Post and Voice of America were rated as the most independent media outlets in Cambodia in 2017. Fresh News, Nice TV and Bayon were rated the least independent." (Key findings, page 2)
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"The research in these pages covers the theory around multistakeholder participation in Internet governance through a review of relevant literature. It also analyses case studies from Kenya to Brazil, South Korea, and the Internet Governance Forum (IGF), which illustrate how multistakeholder approac
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hes to Internet governance are applied in practice in diverse places and on different issues. In two of these cases, the outcome had legal repercussions that advanced the role of the Internet in terms of respect for rights; in the other two, the impact was positive for wider norms and processes." (Foreword, page 6)
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"At the forefront in its field, this Handbook examines the theoretical, conceptual, pedagogical and methodological development of media literacy education and research around the world. Building on traditional media literacy frameworks in critical analysis, evaluation, and assessment, it incorporate
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s new literacies emerging around connective technologies, mobile platforms, and social networks. A global perspective rather than a Western-centric point of view is explicitly highlighted, with contributors from all continents, to show the empirical research being done at the intersection of media, education, and engagement in daily life. Structured around five themes—Educational Interventions; Safeguarding/Data and Online Privacy; Engagement in Civic Life; Media, Creativity and Production; Digital Media Literacy—the volume as a whole emphasizes the competencies needed to engage in meaningful participation in digital culture." (Publisher description)
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"The frequencies of female leaders being sourced in the news were far lower than those of male leaders, especially in the government sector. This demonstrates that female leaders are disappointingly under-represented in the news despite their contribution and participation in the workforce. Female l
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eaders’ invisibility in news content is an indication that their voices and perspectives are not adequately presented. It sends messages to audiences that female leaders do not usually have the authority or do not qualify to be in positions with authority to be in the media spotlight. The news media perpetuate gender stereotypes against female leaders by setting the boundary of work areas that are supposedly more suitable to their femininity through their use of sources. Female sources were sought out more often for news stories on traditionally feminine issues (e.g. children/family, women’s rights, health, poverty reduction, or elderly people). They were almost absent in areas/issues that are often weighted more heavily in the government’s administration, including military/security, real estate; economics; international relations, science and technology, etc. In addition, the news media have contributed to creating and perpetuating stereotypes of what a successful woman should look like in the contemporary Vietnamese society. That is: Only those female leaders who can handle their dual roles and responsibilities both in families as traditional women and in the workplace as modern women are considered ideal. There is a disconnect between journalists’ general perception of gender equality and their attitudes toward female leadership. Journalists perceive that men and women should be treated equally both at home and at work, and that gender inequality is still an issue that Vietnam needs to continue to improve. But they also believe men have traits (e.g. decisive, competitive, etc.) that are congruent to those of leaders, while women do not have qualities to lead." (Executive summary)
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"The report is based on a survey of more than 70,000 people in 36 markets, along with additional qualitative research, which together make it the most comprehensive ongoing comparative study of news consumption in the world. A key focus remains in Europe where we have added Slovakia, Croatia, and Ro
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mania for the first time – but we have also added four markets in Asia (Taiwan, Hong Kong, Malaysia, and Singapore) along with three additional Latin American countries (Argentina, Chile, and Mexico) [...] In particular we have focused on two areas: (1) the extent to which people are prepared to pay for news or the different ways journalism might be funded in the future, and (2) understanding more about some of the drivers of low, and in some cases declining, trust in the media. For the first time we’ve attempted to measure and visualise relative levels of media polarisation across countries and identify a link between media polarisation and trust. Another focus has been on the media’s relationship with platforms – in particular how news is discovered and consumed within distributed environments such as social media, search, and online aggregators." (Foreword)
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"This edited volume discusses the theoretical, practical and methodological issues surrounding changes in journalism in the digital era. The chapters explore how technological innovations have transformed journalism and how an international comparative perspective can contribute to our understanding
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of the topic. Journalism is examined within Anglo-American and European contexts as well as in Asia and Africa, and comparative approaches and methods for journalism studies in the digital age are evaluated. In so doing, the book offers a thorough investigation of changes in journalistic norms, practices and genres in addition to providing an international and comparative perspective for understanding these changes and what they mean to journalism." (Publisher description)
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"Global Media Giants takes an in-depth look at how media corporate power works globally, regionally, and nationally, investigating the ways in which the largest and most powerful media corporations in the world wield power. Case studies examine not only some of the largest media corporations (News C
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orp, Microsoft) in terms of revenues, but also media corporations that hold considerable power within national, regional, or geolinguistic contexts (Televisa, Bertelsmann, Sony). Each chapter approaches a different corporation through the lens of economy, politics, and culture, giving students and scholars a thoughtful and data-driven guide with which to interrogate contemporary media industry power." (Publisher description)
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"This book is a broad and detailed case study of how journalists in more than 20 countries worldwide covered the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment (AR5) reports on the state of scientific knowledge relevant to climate change. Journalism, it demonstrates, is a key elem
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ent in the transnational communication infrastructure of climate politics. It examines variations of coverage in different countries and locations all over the world. It looks at how IPCC scientists review the role of media, reflects on how media relate to decision-making structures and cultures, analyzes how key journalists reflect on the challenges of covering climate change, and shows how the message of IPCC was distributed in the global networks of social media." (Publisher description)
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"This study used qualitative research involving a documentary analysis of the existing research in Thailand. In all, 60 research studies between 1993 and 2012 [...] were reviewed and analyzed for participatory communication usage and media types. These studies were classified by the purpose of parti
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cipatory communication using: (1) studies focusing on participatory communication as the framework for participatory media, (2) studies focusing on participatory communication as the framework for communication strategies for people participation building, and (3) studies focusing on participatory communication as the framework for people participation in solving problems." (Methodology, page 69)
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"Trust is a societal value that is difficult to gain and easy to lose. This article deals with the levels of trust that journalists working in eight post-authoritarian and post-totalitarian countries (Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, Czech Republic, Indonesia, Latvia, South Africa and Tanzania) have i
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n various social institutions using data from the present Worlds of Journalism Study. In each country, results showed the level of trust in journalists’ own institution—the media—is higher than the level of trust in both political and regulative institutions. The expression of low trust, particularly in regulative institutions, in the sampled countries represents significantly different results from previous studies about journalists’ trust in countries with longer democratic traditions." (Abstract)
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