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Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
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Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
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Journalism Education & Training
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Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
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Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
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Crime & Violence Reporting
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Trauma: Media Representation & Reporting
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War Reporting
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Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
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Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
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COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
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Crisis Communication
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Genocides
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Iraq War (2003)
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Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
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Foreign Correspondents
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Journalism
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Freelance Journalists & Media Workers
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Photojournalism
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Audiences & Users
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Audience Expectations & Satisfaction
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Audience Orientation
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Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
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Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
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Self-Censorship
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Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPP)
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Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
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Trauma, Coping with Trauma, Trauma Therapy
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Violence in the Media
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Digital Media Startups
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Prisoners & Communication / Media
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Earthquakes, Floods, Tsunamis, Natural Disasters
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Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
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Countering Defamation & Harassment
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Journalism Ethics
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Objectivity & Veracity of Reporting
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Female Journalists & Media Workers
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Mental Health (General)
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Associations & Networks of Journalists
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Investigative Journalism
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Journalism Education Curricula
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Journalism Studies & Research
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Vox Pop Interviews
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Journalistic Quality
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Journalists
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Labour Market for Journalists
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Business & Economics Journalism
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Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
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Death & Grief: Reporting & Media Representation
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Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
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Television Journalism
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Metaphors
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Contracts, Labour Agreements, Service Contracts
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Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
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Conflict & War Photography
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Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
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Memory, Memorizing
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Interviewing (Journalistic Genre)
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Resilience
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User-Generated Contents
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Language
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Authors & Publishers
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Journals
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Journalists at risk: Looking beyond just physical safety
Future of Journalism Conference (2015), 12 pp.
"Hardly a day goes by when we are not reminded of the hazards of modern journalism. The already unacceptably high levels of intimidation, kidnapping and killing have escalated still further with the civil conflict in Iraq and Syria and the series of brutal beheadings carried out by ISIS. But while m
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The psychological effects of reporting extreme violence: A study of Kenyan journalists
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Open, volume 6, issue 9 (2015), pp. 1-6
"Objective: To assess the psychological health of journalists in Kenya who have reported on, and been exposed to, extreme violence. Design: Descriptive. Psychological responses were elicited to two stressors, the ethnic violence surrounding the disputed 2007 general election and the Al-Shabab attack
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Witnessing images of extreme violence: A psychological study of journalists in the newsroom
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Open, volume 5, issue 8 (2014), 7 pp.
"Objective: User Generated Content – photos and videos submitted to newsrooms by the public – has become a prominent source of information for news organisations. Journalists working with uncensored material can frequently witness disturbing images for prolonged periods. How this might affect th
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Mexican journalists and journalists covering war: A comparison of psychological wellbeing
Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, volume 5, issue 2 (2013), pp. 77-85
"Purpose: War journalists confront many dangers, leaving them at risk for mental health problems. They are, however, able to take breaks from the hazards of frontline work by periodically leaving conflict zones for the safety of home. This respite is not afforded local journalists who cover conflict
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U.S. and Finnish Journalists: A Comparative Study of Roles, Responsibilities, and Emotional Reactions to School Shootings
In: School Shootings: Mediatized Violence in a Global Age
Glenn W. Muschert; Johanna Sumiala (eds.)
Leeds: Emerald Publishing (2012), pp. 141-160
"In the chapter, journalistic work ethics on the scene during school shootings and journalists’ psychological stress reactions after such work is studied. Approach: Findings are based on several qualitative studies carried out separately at different time periods, spanning over a decade. Included
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Mental illness among journalists: A systematic review
International Journal of Social Psychiatry, volume 59, issue 4 (2012), pp. 377-390
"Aims: To investigate mental illness among journalists in five key areas: (1) journalists' mental health status; (2) journalists' personal attitudes towards mental illness; (3) attitudes and support journalists expect or have experienced from colleagues when they have a mental health problem; (4) ef
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The mediating effect of depression between exposure to potentially traumatic events and PTSD in news journalists
European Journal of Psychotraumatology, volume 3, issue 18388 (2012), 8 pp.
"Background: News journalists are an occupational group with a unique task at the scene of an unfolding crisis-to collect information and inform the public about the event. By being on location, journalists put themselves at risk for being exposed to the potentially traumatic event.
Objective: To co
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Journalists’ emotional reactions after working with the Jokela school shooting incident
Media, War & Conflict, volume 5, issue 2 (2012), pp. 175–190
"Journalists’ psychological distress after working with the Jokela school shooting incident was examined with a mixed methods research design using a sample of 196 journalists (27 on the scene, 169 working indirectly with the crisis). Quantitative results were compared to those of a control group
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Covering Trauma in Canadian Journalism: Exploring the Challenges
Traumatology, volume 19, issue 3 (2012), pp. 210-222
"This critical ethnographic study is an investigation of the effects of witnessing trauma for Canadian journalists and photojournalists working on national and international assignments. Our primary aim is to describe our participants’ understanding of the effects of covering trauma, disaster, or
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Trauma Journalism: On Deadline in Harm's Way
New York; London: Continuum (2011), ix, 229 pp.
"The role of journalists in covering trauma and tragedy isn’t new. Witnessing acts of violence, destruction and terror has long been the professional responsibility of countless print and broadcast reporters and photographers. But what is new is a growing awareness of the emotional consequences of
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Coping with traumatic stress in journalism: A critical ethnographic study
International Journal of Psychology, volume 46, issue 2 (2011), pp. 127-135
"Journalists who witness trauma and disaster events are at risk for physical, emotional, and psychological injury. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a critical ethnographic study among 31 Canadian journalists and photojournalists with regard to coping strategies used to buffer t
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The Moment is Frozen in Time: Photojournalists’ Metaphors in Describing Trauma Photography
Journal of Constructivist Psychology, volume 23, issue 3 (2010), pp. 231-255
"In describing their understanding of trauma, disaster, and conflict photography, photojournalists in this qualitative study conceptualized abstract experiences using specific types of metaphors. Their metaphors focused on concepts such as violence, bewilderment, and health/affliction. The unique as
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Witnessing trauma in the newsroom: Posttraumatic symptoms in television journalists exposed to violent news clips
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, volume 198, issue 4 (2010), pp. 264-271
"Employees working in television newsrooms are exposed to video footage of violent events on a daily basis. It is yet unknown whether they subsequently develop symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder as has been shown for other populations exposed to trauma through television. We conducted an inte
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The effects of exposure to crisis on well-being of journalists: A study of crisis-related factors predicting psychological health in a sample of Finnish journalists
Media, War & Conflict, volume 3, issue 2 (2010), pp. 138–151
"Effects of work-related and personal exposure to potentially traumatic events on PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder), depression, compassion fatigue and burnout were examined in 503 Finnish news journalists (238 men, 265 women) by using a web-based survey. Stepwise linear multiple regression analy
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Addressing the Effects of Assignment Stress Injury
Journalism Practice, volume 3, issue 2 (2009), pp. 162-177
"The purpose of this article is to present the results of a qualitative study on assignment stress injury within journalism. Thirty-one Canadian journalists and photojournalists participated in the research study. The focus of this article is on recommendations offered by our participants to address
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From Danger to Trauma Affective Labor and the Journalistic Discourse of Witnessing
In: Media Witnessing: Testimony in the Age of Mass Communication
Paul Frosh; Amit Pinchevski (eds.)
Palgrave (2009), pp. 158-181
"According to recent reports on violence committed against journalists, journalism is a dangerous, fear-inspiring job. In the wake of Daniel Pearl’s kidnapping and murder in January 2002 and the less-publicized but equally brutal killings of journalists in Bangladesh, the Philippines, the wars in
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The psychological health of contractors working in war zones
Journal of Traumatic Stress, volume 22, issue 2 (2009), pp. 102-105
"This study examines the psychological health of contractors working in war zones. Seventy-nine contractors completed an Internet-based psychiatric assessment. The sample was exclusively male with a mean age of 43 (SD = 7) years. The number of contractors whose scores exceeded the cutoff points for
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Occupational Stress and Job Satisfaction in Media Personnel Assigned to the Iraq War
Journalism Practice, volume 1, issue 3 (2007), pp. 356-371
"This paper investigates occupational stressors amongst media personnel assigned to work on covering the Iraq War via interviews with 54 journalists from the BBC and Reuters, who worked in Iraq between February and April 2003. A range of stressors were identified that could be categorized into three
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Covering the Tsunami disaster: Subsequent post-traumatic and depressive symptoms and associated social factors
Stress and Health, volume 24, issue 2 (2007), pp. 129-135
"Journalists frequently report on disasters. There is a growing evidence that they are subsequently at higher risk of post-traumatic and depressive symptoms. We conducted an internet-based study with 61 journalists who had covered the tsunami disaster in December 2004 from the affected region. The e
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Journalists under Fire: The Psychological Hazards of Covering War
Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press (2006), xiv, 195 pp.
"As journalists in Iraq and other hot spots around the world continue to face harrowing dangers and personal threats, neuropsychiatrist Anthony Feinstein offers a timely and important exploration into the psychological damage of those who, armed only with pen, tape recorder, or camera, bear witness
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