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Popular Cultural Action, Catholic Transnationalism, and Development in Colombia before Vatican II

Mary Roldán

In: Local Church, Global Church: Catholic Activism in Latin America from Rerum Novarum to Vatican II

Julia G. Young; Stephen J. C. Andes (eds.)

Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press (2016), pp. 245-274

"This chapter examines the history and development of Popular Cultural Action (Acción Cultural Popular, or ACPO), the multipronged project of Christian revitalization, local empowerment, and communitybased development whose radio education network, Radio Sutatenza, founded by a Colombian parish pri ... est in 1947 to address rural adult illiteracy, became Latin America’s first Catholic radio network and the model for media-based rural education and community development programs in twenty-four countries throughout Latin America, Asia, and Africa. In nearly a half century of existence, ACPO published and distributed more than six million cartillas (illustrated instructional manuals) for its five-point “Fundamental Integral Education” (EFI) program, which included Alphabet, Numbers, Health, Economy and Work, and Practical Spirituality; distributed seventy-six million copies of the newspaper El Campesino; received and answered 1.2 million letters from rural listeners and readers; graduated twenty-three thousand Colombian and foreign radio auxiliaries and community leaders from its training institutes; logged 1.4 million hours of educational broadcasting; and pressed 690,000 records. By 1990, when ACPO was forced to shutter its press and record-cutting studios and sell off its 245 radio network and buildings, it had a presence in hundreds of rural parishes stretched across the length and breadth of Colombia, and its broadcasts and educational materials were frequently acknowledged as inspiration for many a professional of rural origin. ACPO was but one among many other Colombian projects inspired by Leo XIII’s Rerum novarum (1891) and spearheaded by both laypeople and clergy that emerged in the period before Vatican II to redress longstanding social, economic, and cultural inequalities made more acute in the first half of the twentieth century by the specter of totalitarianism, economic crisis, rural migration, urbanization, and incipient industrialization. This chapter traces the history of ACPO between 1947 and 1962. It grew from modest origins, conducting adult rural literacy work and basic community-centered development in three small, Central Andean settlements supported by local in-kind contributions and a small diocesan subsidy. Gradually, it would expand into a multimedia-based educational juggernaut with transnational influence, partners, and funding lauded by Pope Pius XII in a 1953 Vatican Radio broadcast heard throughout Latin America. By the late 1950s, ACPO was held as the model for Catholic-directed, radio-based rural education and community development. ACPO’s success and eventual influence beyond Colombia’s borders was partly the result of Catholic transnational activism occurring in the decades before Vatican II. Efforts to redress the excesses of unrestrained capitalism and to build a community based in papal encyclicals such as Rerum novarum or Quadragesimo anno, even when they stopped short of advocating the kind of structural, grassroots Christian base community approach embraced by Liberation theology, I suggest, laid the foundations for participatory and transformative forms of social action that emerged after Vatican II." (Pages 245-246) more

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Use of Mobile Phones by the Rural Poor: Gender Perspectives from Selected Asian Countries

Gerard Sylvester (ed.)

Bangkok: FAO;LIRNEasia;International Development Research Centre (IDRC) (2016), xii, 51 pp.

"A qualitative study was conducted in Indonesia and Sri Lanka to understand the varied perceptions on the use and ownership of mobile phones [...] The study was conducted amongst four groups of people (urban men, urban women, rural men, and rural women) in each of two countries. The study found that ... more

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Digital Inclusion in Rural Areas: A Qualitative Exploration of Challenges Faced by People from Isolated Communities

Teresa Correa, Isabel Pavez

Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, volume 21, issue 3 (2016), pp. 247-263

"This study explored the interplay between contextual and individual factors related to Internet adoption in isolated rural communities. By investigating 10 remote villages throughout Chile that received Internet access infrastructure in 2010-2011, we identified 3 areas in which contextual and indiv ... more

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Social Media in Rural China: Social Networks and Moral Frameworks

Tom McDonald

London: UCL Press;University College London (2016), xiii, 219 pp.

"Tom McDonald spent 15 months living in a small rural Chinese community researching how the residents use social media in their daily lives. His ethnographic findings suggest that, far from being left behind, many rural Chinese people have already integrated social media into their everyday experien ... more

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African Rural Radio Program Analysis (ARRPA): Final Report

Farm Radio International (2016), 106 pp.

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Rural Communication Services for Family Farming: Contributions, Evidence and Perspectives

Rome: FAO (2016), x, 52 pp.

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Desarrollo territorial, innovación y comunicación rural: Hacia un enfoque integrado en apoyo a la agricultura familiar

Brasilia: FAO (2016), ix, 80 pp.

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Audiencia radial nacional rural: 83% de la población rural escucha radio

Lima: CPI (2016), 3 pp.

"El 83,1% de las personas de 11 a más años a nivel nacional rural escuchan radio por lo menos una vez a la semana y lo hacen principalmente a través de emisoras locales de FM y AM, alcanzando estas emisoras al 69,6% de la población rural con 12 horas en promedio de escucha semanal, este mayor al ... more

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From Garamut to Mobile Phone: Communication Change in Rural Papua New Guinea

Amanda H. A. Watson, Lee R. Duffield

Mobile Media & Communication, volume 4, issue 2 (2016), pp. 270-287

"This article presents the attitudinal response of rural villagers in Papua New Guinea to mobile telephony, based on a threshold study made during the early stages of its adoption. The research indicates that the introduction of mobile telecommunications has generally been viewed positively, with mo ... more

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Farmer Participation in Radio Campaigns for Technology Adoption: Lessons from AFFRI’s Hybrid Maize Campaign in Mangochi, Malawi

Levi Zeleza Manda, Janina Wozniak

Journal of Development and Communication Studies, volume 4, issue 1 (2015), pp. 1-17

"This ethnographic study used focus group discussions to investigate and gather ideographical information about why statistics from the Nankumba region of Mangochi in Malawi, where, from 2008 to 2010, Farm Radio International implemented the African Farm Radio Research Initiative (AFRRI) - a meticul ... more

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Reappraising Indigenous African Communication Systems in the Twenty-First Century: New Uses for Ancient Media

nnaEmeka Meribe

Journal of African Media Studies, volume 7, issue 2 (2015), pp. 203-216

"In Africa, rural people rarely have access to mainstream communication systems and their exposure to them is highly limited by several issues. However, they tend to attach much significance to their indigenous communication systems, indicating that the systems are still relevant today and are, ther ... more

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Communication for Rural Development: Guidelines for Planning and Project Formulation
Key Guidance

Rome: FAO (2014), 55 pp.

"Communication for Development (ComDev) is a participatory approach that integrates community media, low-cost ICTs, mobile phones and other communication tools to facilitate access to information, knowledge sharing and social dialogue. Well-planned and managed ComDev activities are crucial to ensure ... more

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Farmer Radio in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Snapshot Final Report of the African Rural Radio Program Analysis (ARRPA)

Farm Radio International (2014), 108 pp.

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Acción Cultural Popular, Responsible Procreation, and the Roots of Social Activism in Rural Colombia

Mary Roldan

Latin American Research Review (LARR), volume 49, issue Special Issue (2014), pp. 27-44

"This essay examines the Responsible Procreation campaign of Acción Cultural Popular (ACPO) within the context of “zones of crisis” characterized not only by the legacy of long-standing violence but by tensions experienced within the Catholic Church and Colombian society at large during the tum ... more

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Digital Youth Cultures in Small Town and Rural Gujarat, India

Manisha Pathak-Shelat, Cathy DeShano

New Media & Society, volume 16, issue 6 (2014), pp. 983-1001

"Youth in this study treat new media and technologies as one limited component of otherwise rich lives and social experiences. While new technologies promote individualistic mobility, Indian youth of small towns and rural places still live in collective social structures that shape their orientation ... more

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Communication for Rural Development Sourcebook
Key Guidance

Mario Acunzo, Marzia Pafumi, Cleofe Torres, Maria Stella Tirol

Rome: FAO (2014), xiii, 321 pp.

"This sourcebook is meant to equip development and communication professionals with a useful set of guidelines, reference materials and learning resources to apply communication in rural development initiatives. The main goal is to enable readers to design and implement rural communication strategie ... more

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Listeners' Clubs: New Partnerships

Dimitra Newsletter, issue 23 (2013), pp. 3-7

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ICTs and Development: A Study of Telecentres in Rural India

Maitrayee Mukerji

Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan (2013), xiii, 264 pp.

"This volume juxtaposes the global discourse on ICT-D and telecentres with in-depth empirical case studies on the pattern of access and use of telecenters in rural India to draw implications for policy and practice. It suggest that access and use of telecentres and their services are mediated by the ... more

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Exploring the Promise of Information and Communication Technologies for Women Farmers in Kenya

Cristina Manfre, Caitlin Nordehn

USAID (2013), 10 pp.

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"Good Information is in Short Supply": Kenyan Farmers and Their Assessment of Information on Agricultural Innovation

Christoph Spurk, Michael Schanne, Mureij Mak’Ochieng, Wilson Ugangu

Zürich: Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Institute of Applied Media Studies (IAM);Multimedia University College of Kenya (MMU) (2013), 50 pp.

"This research project addressed specifically the information-seeking behaviour of small scale farming households in Kenya. It focused on how farmers are informed about innovation on new methods of increasing agricultural productivity, which is one of the main challenges for Africa's agriculture and ... more

Communication for Rural Development: Guidelines for Planning and Project Formulation Key Guidance

Communication for Rural Development Sourcebook Key Guidance

Communication for Rural Development: Guidelines for Planning and Project Formulation
Key Guidance

Communication for Rural Development Sourcebook
Key Guidance