"The Nigerian media market is dominated by radio and television, though mobile and Internet technologies are increasing in importance. Almost 9 in 10 Nigerians (87.4%) say they listened to radio in the past week, and nearly three-quarters (72.5%) say they watched TV. Though incidence of radio use is
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similar in urban and rural environments, Nigerians who live in cities are more likely than those in rural areas to have watched TV in the past week —89.9% vs. 67.8%, respectively. Internet use appears to have increased dramatically since the past survey, most likely driven by the sharp increase in access to the Web via mobile phones. The 2012 Gallup/BBG survey finds that one-fifth of the population has accessed the Internet in the past week (20.4%), compared with 6% in December 2010. Mobile phone ownership continues to grow; almost three-fourths of Nigerians (73.1%) now say they have their own mobile phone, compared with 62% in late 2010. Respondents were also asked more specifically about how often they use different forms of media to get news. Hausa-speaking Nigerians are significantly more likely than those who do not speak Hausa to say they listen to news on the radio every day or most days (68.7% vs. 53.3%, respectively). Though non-Hausa speakers make heavy use of radio and television, they are more likely than Hausa speakers to use Internet and mobile technologies, including SMS/text messaging and social networking websites for news. However, these discrepancies between Hausa and non-Hausa speakers are considerably less pronounced than was the case in earlier surveys, suggesting that the media access gap is narrowing." (Page 1)
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"A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a rede simbólica de enunciados construídos ao longo da história acerca das categorias pobre/pobreza e, mais precisamente, discutir os recentes discursos produzidos sobre esses grupos no âmbito da televisão brasileira, encontrando as continuidades e
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rupturas que se apresentam nessas formas de representação social que encontram na televisão um suporte dotado de técnicas e linguagem próprias. Por meio de revisão bibliográfica que se aproxima das questões conceituais determinantes da análise sobre pobreza, seus sujeitos e espaços de convivência, o trabalho também discute a natureza das representações sociais, a dinâmica das relações simbólicas que aportam padrões de sociabilidade; os sentidos atribuídos à classe social e os contornos que tal conceito adquire perante a organização da sociedade, bem como da construção e reconhecimento das identidades coletivas que se formam nesse contexto. O olhar pós-colonialista e os Estudos Culturais Latino-Americanos guiam essa análise e, a fim de compreender quais interpretações e percepções os sujeitos de baixa renda desenvolvem a partir da recepção de dicotômicas representações televisivas da pobreza. À análise do discurso do programa Esquenta!, soma-se o conteúdo analítico obtido a partir de entrevistas realizadas com jovens moradores de um bairro periférico de Goiânia." (Resumo)
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"In recent decades the Maasai of East Africa have undergone substantive cultural change in response to national development efforts. This study uses participant observation, in-depth interviews, and digital photography to better understand the lived experience and development perspectives of Maasai
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women. Through dialog about digital photographs they had taken, Maasai women powerfully articulated their concerns and ideas about development and social change within their communities. Results show that Maasai women have a keen sense of the potential benefits and pitfalls of the social changes they are experiencing, particularly with regards to marriage relationships, gender norms, and education. Implications of the study of participants’ adept use of digital photography to facilitate dialog about development and social change are discussed." (Abstract)
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"The purpose of the study was to investigate patterns of major local and non-local news suppliers operating across a range of media – broadcast and print – and relationships between Libyan undergraduate students’ consumption of different news media platforms. A survey was administered to a sam
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ple of 400 students at Al-Fateh University using a stratified random sampling approach with sampling strata set by demographic groups. The new TV news services played an important role in attracting young Libyans with information they desire. The spread of new news media sources (TV, radio and print) in Libya has created a new type of news product that transcends national boundaries. The findings indicated that there were distinct news consumption-related population sub-groups defined in part by news platform (TV versus radio versus print) and in part by type of news supplier (local versus international TV news operations). These findings indicated the emergence of new niche markets in news in Libya." (Abstract)
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"This article addresses several fundamental questions about faith-based media literacy education in the United States, including how the assumptions, motivations, goals, and pedagogy of those Christians who are operating within a media literacy framework come together to create a unique approach to
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teaching media literacy. After briefly reviewing Christian engagement with media, as well as the history of faith-based media literacy education in this country, this paper examines the philosophical and theoretical assumptions of scholars and practitioners, identifies practical applications, and concludes by suggesting some ways in which this sub-field might develop in the years to come." (Abstract)
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"This handbook is based on a survey, completed through extensive communications with journalist trade union officials responsible for gender issues, throughout the affiliated unions of the European Federation of Journalists (EFJ) (a section of the International Federation of Journalists (IFJ). Sadly
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, it is not yet completely representative of the region, as many unions in the east and south did not respond. Also, there were situations where contact people or information was simply not available. Recognising this lack of contribution may also be a significant sign that these areas needed more support, the EFJ Regional Gender Conference of 2012, Athens Greece, will focus on empowering more participation of women and youth in trade unions. It is hoped to engage with more unions through this conference, and to eventually add their voice and practice to this handbook." (Foreword, page 4)
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"Millionen Soldaten aus Afrika, Asien und Ozeanien haben im Zweiten Weltkrieg gekämpft, um die Welt vom deutschen und italienischen Faschismus sowie vom japanischen Großmachtwahn zu befreien. Allein Indien stellte 2,5 Millionen Kolonialsoldaten und China hatte mehr Opfer zu beklagen als Deutschlan
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d, Italien und Japan zusammen. Sowohl die faschistischen Achsenmächte als auch die Alliierten rekrutierten in ihren Kolonien Hilfstruppen und Hilfsarbeiter oftmals mit Gewalt. Japanische Militärs verschleppten zudem Hunderttausende Frauen aus Asien und von pazifischen Inseln in ihre Frontbordelle. Rekruten aus den Kolonien, ob Freiwillige oder Zwangsverpflichtete, mussten sich mit weniger Sold, schlechteren Unterkünften und geringeren Kriegsrenten als ihre «weißen Kameraden» zufrieden geben. Weite Teile der Dritten Welt – von Nordafrika über den Nahen Osten und Indien bis nach Südostasien und Ozeanien – dienten auch als Schlachtfelder und blieben nach Kriegsende verwüstet und vermint zurück. Bei der Befreiung der philippinischen Hauptstadt Manila von den japanischen Besatzern starben mehr Zivilisten als in Berlin, Dresden oder Köln. Die Kolonien der kriegführenden Mächte mussten zudem Nahrungs mittel für die kämpfenden Truppen und Rohstoffe für die Rüstungsproduktion liefern. Oft hungerte deshalb die einheimische Bevölkerung. Auch das NS-Regime bezog kriegswichtiges Material aus den Kolonien in Afrika und Indochina, die unter der Kontrolle der französischen Kollaborationsregierung in Vichy standen. Die Nazis wollten nach der Unterwerfung Osteuropas zudem ein Kolonialreich in Zentralafrika erobern und über Nordafrika in den Nahen Osten vor - stoßen. Auch Hunderttausende Juden in dieser Region mussten deshalb um ihr Leben fürchten. 1942 landete ein SS-Kommando in Tunesien, das die Juden in Palästina vernichten sollte. Noch im chinesischen Schanghai sahen sich Zehntausende jüdische Flüchtlinge von Gestapo-Verfolgern bedroht. In der Dritten Welt gab es allerdings nicht nur Opfer, sondern auch Kollaborateure der faschistischen Achsenmächte, die im Krieg an deren Seite kämpften – von Nordafrika und Palästina über den Irak und Indien bis nach Thailand und Indonesien. Die Unterrichtsmaterialien enthalten Hintergrundtexte, historische Quellen und Berichte von Zeitzeugen zu diesen und weiteren Folgen des Zweiten Weltkriegs in Afrika, Asien und Ozeanien. Fotogalerien, Zeittafeln, Karten und persönliche Erinnerungen von Kriegsteilnehmern erleichtern den Einstieg ins Thema. Im Anhang werden Vorschläge zur Unterrichtsgestaltung gemacht und weiterführende Themen erläutert (wie z.B. Kolonialgeschichte, Rassismus, Frauen im Krieg und Judenverfolgung außerhalb Europas). Die (Wander-) Ausstellung und die Internetseite zum Thema (www.3www2.de) werden vorgestellt sowie empfehlenswerte Bücher, Filme und Radiosendungen. Die Materialien sind nicht nur im Geschichtsunterricht verwendbar, sondern auch in Fächern wie Politik, Sozialkunde, Philosophie, Ethik, Geographie und Religion." (Buchrücken)
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"This book aims to provide a context in which a clear link can be traced between the politics of memory and its manifold representations and misrepresentations in public media towards a viable politics of justice. The assumption is that public awareness and perceptions of injustice, whether they are
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political, economic, or social, depend on the mass media of communication for recognition and valorization – including, today, new communication and information technologies such as social media platforms. Undoubtedly this assumption is based on a system in which mass media can operate independently, fairly, and in a balanced and unbiased way: in other words, according to a much vaunted and fast vanishing ‘public service ethos’ imbued with high standards of truthtelling, objectivity, balance, and accountability. A parallel assumption is that if the public is made aware and has access to relevant information and knowledge, it will be motivated to pressure governments for reform, reparation, and – in the best possible scenario – some kind of consensus between all parties on ways to move forward as a nation. As we have pointed out above, this argues for an a priori ‘right to memory’ that affirms and protects those frameworks and structures of collective memory that guarantee the physical, psychological, and symbolic integrity of a group of people or, indeed, a nation. There are many aspects to the debate." (Introduction, page 17)
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