"This report, entitled “digital.life” is the eighth in the series of “ITU Internet Reports”, originally launched in 1997 under the title “Challenges to the Network”. This edition has been specially prepared for ITU TELECOM WORLD, to be held in Hong Kong, China, from 4-8 December 2006. [.
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..] The first chapter of the report, Going digital, explores the meaning and importance of being digital. Chapter two, lifestyles.digital, examines the key technologies and services enabling new digital lifestyles, including higher-speed networks and content distribution. Chapter three, business.digital, considers the challenges and opportunities facing businesses in adapting to fast-paced innovation, before addressing whether a fresh approach to policy-making might be required in light of rapid media convergence. Chapter four, identity.digital, explores the changing nature of the digital individual and the need for greater emphasis on the creation and management of digital identity. Chapter five, Living the digital world, concludes by examining the social impacts of digital technologies and imagining how lifestyles might further evolve in the digital age. The Information Society Statistics in the annex present the latest data and charts for some 206 economies worldwide in their use of digital technologies." (Foreword)
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"Trotz der Herausforderungen bei der telefonischen Erschließung abgelegener Gegenden bietet der Besitz eines Handys für Millionen individueller Nutzer im gesamten Afrika südlich der Sahara auf jeden Fall signifikante wirtschaftliche und soziale Vorteile und Möglichkeiten. Besonders wertvoll ist,
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dass viele Bewohner in Städten wie Kigali jetzt bedeutend besseren Zugang zu elementaren telefonischen Gesprächsmöglichkeiten haben. Annettes Restaurant floriert, weil ihre Kunden Handys besitzen; der Klempner Celestine hat die Nummern seiner drei wichtigsten Bauunternehmer in seinem Handy einprogrammiert; der Taxifahrer Yousef ist glücklich, weil er mit seiner Frau den ganzen Tag über per Handy in Verbindung bleiben kann. All diese Geschichten sind im Lichte von Metcalfes Gesetz zu sehen (vgl. Gilder 2000); sie illustrieren, wie der Wert jeder netzwerkbasierten Technologie quadratisch mit der Anzahl der Benutzer dieser Technologie wächst. Je mehr Ruander Handybesitzer werden, desto stärker profitieren davon auch die bereits vorhandenen Mobil- und Festnetztelefonnutzer. Wenn sich der Anteil der Telefonbenutzer in einer Stadt in fünf Jahren verdreifacht, ergeben sich signifikante Veränderungen in den sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Netzwerken dieser Stadt. Nach Townsend (2000) definieren Mobiltelefone »die räumlichen und zeitlichen Begrenzungen aller Arten menschlicher Kommunikation neu – ganz gleich ob es dabei um die Arbeit, die Familie oder Erholung und Unterhaltung in der Freizeit geht. […] So beschleunigt sich der Stoffwechsel urbaner Systeme; Kapazitäten und Effizienz nehmen zu.« Die von Townsend festgestellte Beschleunigung ist in Kigali geradezu mit Händen zu greifen. Möglicherweise ist der von Townsend beschriebene Effekt in dieser Stadt, in der Handys oft die einzigen Telefone ihrer Besitzer sind, sogar noch deutlicher ausgeprägt als anderswo. Die Produktivitätsgewinne sind greifbar." (Zusammenfassung, Seite 53)
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"In 2006 IICD celebrates its 10th anniversary of working with Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) for development: ten very full years of working on people, ICT and development. And if one thing has become clear, it is that while ICT for develop ment forms the central theme in our work
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, the people are the key to our successes. Ultimately, our work is really all about people: their motivations, interests, capacities, achievements and difficulties. This booklet will demon strate what ICT can mean for our end-users, and cele brates how, over its first ten years, IICD has evolved to meet the challenges and take advantage of the opportunities in this field." (Foreword)
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"Since 2001, UNESCO has established more than 87 Community Multimedia Centres (CMCs) in over 22 developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean with major funding provided by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC). The evaluation describes the initiative's ma
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in achievement: 'The CMCs are accepted by and fully integrated into the communities and can in many cases be sustained beyond the pilot phase without core operating grants. The effort and funding that UNESCO has channeled into this transformative initiative have been exceeded by the hard work and commitment of the CMC staff and the communities where they are based. Among other key findings, the evaluators clearly acknowledge the contribution of CMCs to local development, noting that longer term benefits are already being realized within individual communities, such as the gradual removal of barriers to social inclusion, the stimulation of poverty alleviation through access to knowledge of better health, resource management, agriculture practices and the creation of new livelihoods opportunities. CMCs are also recognized as critical tools for local communities to mediate changes brought on by globalization and the advent of new technologies: The CMC role in fostering cultural resilience. The capacity of a community to retain critical knowledge and at the same time adapt to external influences and pressures - is particularly remarkable. In addition to an extensive review of documentation, the evaluation used field research, interviews, questionnaires, an online survey, and case studies to review the CMC initiative, a flagship activity of UNESCO's Communication and Information Sector. Equitable and expanded access to ICTs is promoted in many ways, such as subsidized training for those with special requirements and/or marginalized groups; close work with schools, small businesses and the independent sector; or the provision of information to more remote communities through radio, says the evaluation report. The evaluation also points out challenges faced by the CMC initiative, including the strategic use of CMC networks as delivery mechanisms for development services, from projects and programmes of UN agencies and national governments to those of local civil society groups. Many challenges relate to sustainability of local facilities in low-income and least-developed localities. As CMCs depend on volunteers for the delivery of training, radio programming and other services, they face difficulties in finding appropriate incentives for volunteers and struggle with managing volunteer turnover. Another challenge consists of opportunities for networking and staff development, which to date have been limited. Evaluators point out the need for CMCs to learn from and access expertise more easily and systematically from each other in order to be sustainable. Enabling national policy environments are very important for the development and sustainability of CMCs. Sudden changes in national policies on connectivity charges can destabilize CMCs and broadcast licensing restrictions or restrictions on press freedom can prevent CMCs from being able to broadcast freely and to a broader constituency, says the report." (UNESCO website)
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"Produced by The World Economic Forum and INSEAD, the fifth edition of the annual Global Information Technology Report is a comprehensive tool for measuring the progress made in the adoption of the latest information and communication technologies and identifying the obstacles to ICT development in
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more than 100 countries worldwide." (Publisher description)
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"Providing one of the first ethnographies of the Internet revolution in the Arab world, The Internet in the Middle East analyzes the ways in which the Internet affects public discourse and social practice in Islamic society. With a special focus on Kuwait, Deborah L. Wheeler offers an intimate journ
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ey through the lives of women, youth, and Islamist Internet users, and through their testimonies shows what the Internet means to various Internet subcultures in the emirate. The book includes a historical overview of the values and design principles embedded in the Internet by its inventors and early adopters, and examines the major questions, debates, assumptions, and findings of the emerging field of Internet studies. Drawing on six years of research, including three years of fieldwork in Kuwait, Dubai, Jordan, Syria, Egypt, Tunisia, and Morocco, Wheeler provides a comparative overview of the meaning and manifestations of the Internet in the Middle East, giving careful attention to whether or not the Internet lives up to global expectations of promoting democracy, economic privatization, and personal freedom." (Publisher description)
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"The book traces the impact of the cell phone from personal issues of loneliness and depression to the global concerns of the modern economy and the trans-national family. As the technology of social networking, the cell phone has become central to establishing and maintaining relationships in areas
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from religion to love. The Cell Phone presents the first detailed ethnography of the impact of this new technology through the exploration of the cell phone's role in everyday lives." (Publisher description)
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"The Information Society is one of the recurrent imaginaries to describe present-day structures, discourses and practices. Within its meaning is enshrined the promise of a better world, sometimes naively assuming a technological deus ex machina, in other cases hoping for the creation of policy tools
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that will overcome a diversity of societal divides. With the two-phased World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS), the United Nations attempted to stimulate the development of such tools. Simultaneously, the WSIS is a large-scale experiment in multistakeholderism. The objective was to create a more balanced decision-making process that would allow the voices of civil society and business actors to be heard in international politics. This book aims to evaluate the potentialities of both the Information Society, and the WSIS in supporting and constructing more democratic, just and developed societies." (Back cover)
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"Providing a succinct introduction to the field of mobile and wireless communications, this book: begins with the basics of radio technology and offers an overview of key scientific terms and concepts for the student reader; addresses the social and economic implications of mobile and wireless techn
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ologies, such as the effects of the deregulation of telephone systems; uses a range of case studies and examples of mobile and wireless communication, legislation and practices from the UK, US, Canada, mainland Europe, the Far East and Australia; contains illustrations and tables to help explain technical concepts and show the growth and change in mobile technologies; and, features a glossary of technical terms, annotated further reading at the end of each chapter and web links for further study and research." (Publisher description)
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"This book is divided into three main parts. In the first part, I speak about one important human right long neglected in Slovenia: the right to obtain information [...] The second part is dedicated to the right to privacy and the mechanisms of its protection when it is invaded, unjustifiably or dis
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proportionately, by the media [...] In the third part, I look into the mechanisms of self-regulation and self-control in the media. This chapter is also an attempt to resuscitate the initiative to establish a press council in Slovenia." (Foreword, page 8-9)
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