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Disinformation and Peacebuilding in Sub-Saharan Africa: Security Implications of AI-Altered Information Environments

Eduardo Albrecht, Eleonore Fournier-Tombs, Rebecca Brubaker

New York, Geneva: United Nations University (UNU) (2024), 39 pp.

"[...] this report aims to further explore the way in which AI technologies as they currently stand impact peace and conflict, and what methods might be used to mitigate their adverse effects - through the development of better tools and the inclusion of peace and conflict considerations in AI gover ... nance frameworks. The report presents the following findings: 1. AI is a driver of disinformation which adversely impacts peacebuilding efforts. 2. There are several ways to mitigate AI-powered disinformation. 3. AI can also be used to promote peacebuilding, although these mechanisms are still in their early stages. In relation to these findings, the report proposes the following recommendations: 1. More funding and support should be provided to civil society organizations’ efforts to expand media literacy and fact-checking initiatives using AI tools to enhance capabilities. 2. Governments need to work with civil society to develop and implement comprehensive, transparent legal frameworks combating disinformation. These legislative measures need to support digital and media literacy campaigns and fact-checking organizations. 3. Social media companies need to expand investment and research into understanding local information environments, so they can better identify and respond to instances of disinformation in all contexts in which they operate and enhance transparency. 4. Peacebuilding organizations need to carefully consider local media ecosystems and information environments when conducting conflict analyses, and factor these dynamics into their projects’ frameworks. Currently, disinformation exacerbates existing grievances and polarization, can act as a trigger for violence, leads individuals to make decisions based on false information, and creates or intensifies mistrust of institutions and international peacebuilding efforts. The efforts of journalists and civil society organizations to combat these effects, primarily through media literacy initiatives and factchecking, cannot keep up with the scope and scale of ‘fake news.’ Generative AI will increase the rate at which false content is produced and disseminated, and the quality or ‘believability’ of such content. Governments, civil society, and social media companies must work in tandem to combat the spread of disinformation and the impact it can have on peacebuilding efforts and security in sub-Saharan Africa." (Executive summary) more

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Consultation Paper on AI Regulation: Emerging Approaches Across the World

Juan David Gutiérrez

Paris: UNESCO (2024), 49 pp.

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Gefühle der Zukunft: Wie wir mit emotionaler KI unser Leben verändern

Eva Weber-Guskar

Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Sonderausg. (2024), 271 pp.

"Längst ist Künstliche Intelligenz nicht mehr auf kognitive Zwecke begrenzt: Sie wertet, etwa zur Kriminalitätsprävention oder gezielten Kundenansprache, menschliche Mimik aus und suggeriert in Spielen oder Lernprogrammen Emotionen und Stimmungen. Erscheinen bereits solche auf Empfindungen ziele ... more

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Democracy and AI: How Technological Progress Can Strengthen Democratic Structures

Nikolai Horn, Matthieu Binder

Potsdam; Berlin: Friedrich Naumann Foundation; iRights.Lab (2024), 39 pp.

"[...] this paper presents approximately 30 worldwide examples of successful AI use to promote various aspects of democracy. At the same time, the corresponding challenges that need to be addressed are highlighted. From the examination of international examples, the following theses can be derived: ... more

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ASEAN Guide on AI Governance and Ethics

Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) (2024), 86 pp.

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Indigenizing Emerging Technologies

Cultural Survival Quarterly, volume 48, issue 1 (2024), pp. 8-25

"Addressing a rarely-examined intersection, the magazine features eight articles highlighting the use of technology in Indigenous communities. These include AI’s role in exacerbating violence and inequality, the use of AI in tracking salmon migration, Indigenous representation in video games, and ... more

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Der Gedanken-Code

Janosch Delcker

München: C.H.Beck (2024), 206 pp.

"Rund um die Welt kombinieren Firmen und Forschende künstliche Intelligenz mit Erkenntnissen aus der Hirnforschung. Ihr Ziel: den Code unseres Denkens zu knacken und zu verstehen, was in uns vorgeht. Schon bald werden ihre Technologien in viele Bereiche unseres Lebens vordringen. Das birgt enorme C ... more

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Haarlem Declaration: Championing AI for Advancing Inclusive, Safe, and Reliable Digital Media Spaces!

RNW Media (2024), 11 pp.

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A feeling for the algorithm: Diversity, expertise, and artificial intelligence

Catherine Stinson, Sofie Vlaad

Big Data & Society (2024), 13 pp.

"Diversity is often announced as a solution to ethical problems in artificial intelligence (AI), but what exactly is meant by diversity and how it can solve those problems is seldom spelled out. This lack of clarity is one hurdle to motivating diversity in AI. Another hurdle is that while the most c ... more

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Repairing the harm: Toward an algorithmic reparations approach to hate speech content moderation

Chelsea Peterson-Salahuddin

Big Data & Society, issue April-June (2024), 13 pp.

"Content moderation algorithms influence how users understand and engage with social media platforms. However, when identifying hate speech, these automated systems often contain biases that can silence or further harm marginalized users. Recently, scholars have offered both restorative and transfor ... more

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AI in Journalism Challenge 2023. Final Report

David Caswell

New York: Open Society Foundations (2024), 60 pp.

"This report describes the Applied AI in Journalism Challenge (AIJC)—a competitive accelerator program intended to prototype pragmatic applications of artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities in mission-driven newsrooms around the world. The program was launched in June 2023 and ran until Novembe ... r 2023. Funding was provided by the Open Society Foundations. The author of this report was the lead consultant for the project. The AIJC program was the first of its kind and therefore was itself a prototype—both of a process for accelerating the pragmatic adoption of AI within newsrooms, and also of an approach to developing investment opportunities around applying AI to news. The program was largely successful, developing a cohort of capable and motivated teams and actively engaging with them as they developed substantial new capabilities. The program also succeeded in producing a range of practical insights for its different stakeholder groups—newsrooms, program operators, investors, and the news industry generally. This report provides a complete record of the AIJC program. The primary intention in writing it is to contribute the experience and insights accumulated during the program to the global journalism community, and to provide sufficient detail and specificity to be directly useful to anyone seeking to apply those lessons to hands-on projects, accelerator programs, and investments. The first section of the report provides a systematic description of the program, including why it was initiated, what it was trying to achieve, how it was set up, and how it actually played out in practice. The second section reviews the tangible outcomes of the program and describes the “funneling” of projects from the proposals in the initial applications, to the teams selected to participate in the program, to the finalist projects, to the eventual program winner (and runner up). The third section lists the specific lessons learned by the AIJC community, one by one, with a detailed explanation of each lesson and the evidence for it from the program. The fourth section gathers and analyzes these lessons to provide a succinct set of specific recommendations, organized for newsrooms, for operators of similar AI in news accelerator programs, for investors, and finally for the global news ecosystem. The fifth and final section draws on those lessons to look into the near future and offers some general opinions and guidance for changes that we might anticipate for news in the age of AI, as well as some guidance for preparing journalism for that transformation." (Introduction, page 4) more

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Philosophische Digitalisierungsforschung: Verantwortung, Verständigung, Vernunft, Macht

Rainer Adolphi, Suzana Alpsancar, Susanne Hahn, Matthias Kettner (eds.)

Bielefeld: transcript Verlag (2024), 464 pp.

"Digitalisierung ist nicht nur ein technisches Geschehen, sondern erfasst als machtvoller kultureller Prozess alle Lebensbereiche. Die Einsicht, dass soziotechnische Vorgänge gestaltbar sind, erlaubt eine grundsätzliche Reflexion über die neuen Handlungsmöglichkeiten und Zumutungen sowohl in ind ... more

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United Nations Activities on Artificial Intelligence (AI) 2023

Geneva: ITU (2024), xviii, 366 pp.

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AI for Good: Impact Report

Geneva: ITU (2024), viii, 80 pp.

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Continental Artificial Intelligence Strategy: Harnessing AI for Africa’s Development and Prosperity

African Union (2024), 63 pp.

"For Africa, AI has the potential to significantly impact the attainment of Agenda 2063 Aspirations and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It is seen as a driving force for positive change, socio-economic transformation and cultural renaissance. AI can stimulate economic growth, create new in ... more

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How Artificial Intelligence is Changing Media and Journalism in Central Europe: A study mapping the use of AI by newsrooms in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia

Marius Dragomir (ed.)

Thomson Foundation; Media and Journalism Research Center (MJRC) (2024), 18 pp.

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The gendered dress of DALL-E 2: Exploring profession-based images in the Indian context

Musthafa Mubashir

MedieKultur: Journal of Media and Communication Research, issue 76 (2024), pp. 100-119

"This study delves into the intricate realm of gender and artificial intelligence (AI) through an examination of DALL-E 2-generated images within the Indian context. It takes a methodological approach that focuses on assessing images generated in response to prompts such as ‘a farmer cultivating c ... more

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Analysing the US-China “AI Cold War” Narrative

Richard Heeks, Yujia He

Manchester: Centre for Digital Development (2024), 13 pp.

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Taking AI Ethics from Principles to Practice: A Guide to Implementing Responsible AI

Samuel Segun

African Observatory on Responsible AI (2024), 24 pp.

"While numerous ethical frameworks for AI exist, translating them into actionable policies for responsible development in Africa remains a challenge for several reasons which would be discussed in subsequent sections. More importantly, it is expedient to build frameworks that are reflective of the s ... more

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Disaster Management: The Standards Perspective

ITU-WMO-UNEP Focus Group on AI for Natural Disaster Management

Geneva: ITU (2024), viii, 14 pp.