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Countries
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Is Telegram a “harbinger of Freedom”? The Performance, Practices, and Perception of Platforms as Political Actors in Authoritarian States
Post-Soviet Affairs, volume 38, issue 1-2 (2022), pp. 125-145
"This paper examines the practices, performance, and perceptions of the messaging platform Telegram as an actor in the 2020 Belarus protests, using publicly available data from Telegram’s public statements, protest-related Telegram groups, and media coverage. Developing a novel conceptualization o
...
A Taxonomy of Internet Shutdowns: The Technologies Behind Network Interference
Key Guides
Access Now (2022), 45 pp.
"In this paper, we outline each of the various technical mechanisms for implementing a shutdown, and the options for mitigating each type. Our hope is that technologists and civil society groups working to end shutdowns will find this a useful technical resource to understand, prepare for, circumven
...
Internet Shutdowns: Trends, Causes, Legal Implications and Impacts on a Range of Human Rights
United Nations (2022), 17 pp.
"In the present report, submitted pursuant to Human Rights Council resolution 47/16, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights provides an overview of trends in Internet shutdowns. It contains an analysis of their causes and the legal implications and the impact on human ri
...
Afghan Media under the Taliban: Restrictions and Violations
Afghanistan Human Rights and Democracy Organization (AHRDO) (2022), 48 pp.
"[...] Since returning to power in August 2021, the Taliban has imposed a new media control regime, which has three key features: restriction, gender-discrimination, and repression with impunity. First, the Taliban has passed several media policies, imposing extreme constraints on press freedom and
...
Media and Democratic Backsliding: Lessons from the Turkish Case
Athens; Berlin: Hellenic Foundation for European & Foreign Policy (ELIAMEP); Centre for Applied Turkey Studies (CATS) (2022), 7 pp.
"In Turkey, the AKP came to power in 2002 at a time marked by a relatively pro-European Union and pluralistic outlook in politics. The democratic backsliding in Turkey has been more obvious since 2007 and the start of the AKP’s second term in power. It deepened especially after the 2016 coup attem
...
A critical analysis of journalists’ freedom of expression and access to information while reporting on COVID-19 issues: A case of selected Arab countries
Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, volume 20, issue 2 (2022), pp. 193-212
"The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which Arab Governments limited freedom of expression and access to information for journalists while they reported on COVID-19-related issues. Design/methodology/approach: Focus group discussions were conducted with 20 journalists from Egypt
...
The Pen and the Camera Are Not Enemies: Neither Are Uniforms
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 27 pp.
"The relationship between journalists and the security forces shows, almost universally, permanent tension. This document explains […] the reasons why both the press and the exercise of journalism, on the one hand, and the existence of the security forces and their action respecting human rights,
...
Brief No.1: Media Restrictions and the Implications for Gender Equality in Afghanistan
Kabul: UN Women (2022), 29 pp.
"After nearly 20 years of international investment and successful efforts to build a diverse media landscape and strengthen journalism standards, the Afghan media sector has fundamentally changed for the worse since the Taliban (also referred herein to as the de facto authorities) takeover on 15 Aug
...
The Unfreedom Monitor: Sudan Country Report
Amsterdam: Global Voices Advox (2022), 25 pp.
"There is a clear digital divide in Sudan as the number of internet users is a very low part of the population. Despite the high contribution of the telecommunication field to the GDP, the Sudanese authorities are not using this contribution to enhance and develop the ICT field to fill the gap of di
...
The Unfreedom Monitor: Data Governance
Amsterdam: Global Voices Advox (2022), 11 pp.
"Data governance is an integral aspect of digital authoritarianism because it incorporates any type of control, authority, and manipulation of data […]. Within the context of digital authoritarianism, data governance may incorporate both states and non-state actors that collaborate with states to
...
Actualización de la jurisprudencia del Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos sobre libertad de expresión. Caja de herramientas para escuelas judiciales Iberoamericanas: Formación en libertad de expresión, acceso a la información pública y seguridad de periodistas
Montevideo: UNESCO (2022), 33 pp.
"Este trabajo tiene como objetivo avanzar en la comprensión de una serie de casos del Sistema Interamericano de extraordinario contenido y valor para fortalecer el rol de los jueces en la prevención de situaciones que vulneren el derecho a libertad de expresión, el acceso a la información, así
...
Director General's Report on the Safety of Journalists and the Danger of Impunity
Paris: International Programme for the Development of Communication (IPDC) (2022), 102 pp.
"In 2020-2021, UNESCO recorded a total of 117 killings of journalists worldwide, a high number in absolute terms, but a 25% drop from the previous two-year period, when UNESCO recorded a total of 156 killings. This biennium recorded the lowest death toll compared to any other reporting period since
...
Simplified Guide on Internet Shutdown
Dar es Salaam: ZAINA Foundation (2022), 19 pp.
"This is the proactive simplified internet shutdown guide for human rights defenders in Sub Saharan Africa. The internet is the key infrastructure in democracy. Access to the internet and other technological communication tools is vital during this period of human rights in the digital era. This gui
...
Journalists Safety and Media Freedom in Somalia
Mogadishu: Somali Mechanism for Safety of Journalists (SMSJ) (2022), 34 pp.
"In 2021, 105 incidents of media violations were recorded. The violations recorded by SMSJ largely targeted on-duty journalists and included: two cases of murder, 66 arrests, 14 media outlet raids, 14 physical assaults, 13 cases of harassment, and two sham trials. The figures represent an overall 62
...
Acabar con la infodemia: Recomendaciones sobre la transparencia de las plataformas
Foro sobre Información & Democracia; Observacom (2022), 34 pp.
"Publicadas en noviembre de 2020, las recomendaciones del Foro sobre transparencia de las plataformas digitales resultantes del informe “Cómo acabar con la infodemia” figuran en la agenda de la Conferencia Mundial sobre la Libertad de Prensa de la UNESCO que se celebra en Punta del Este (Urugua
...
The Fate of Hong Kong Journalists Told in Seven Real-Life Stories
Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2022), 29 pp.
"The author used her stay at the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, to interview Hong Kong journalist. This document gathered seven archetypal stories of the consequences of National Security Law (NSL) on journalists' lives. For security reasons, all names (bar the first) and some identi
...
Working Under the “Sword of Damocles”: Experiences of Journalists in a Hybrid Regime
"In the past decade, Bangladesh has witnessed severe erosion of democratic practices and weakening of democratic institutions. Incumbent has demonstrated its penchant for executive aggrandizement. These have transformed Bangladesh into a hybrid regime, which is marked with various characteristics in
...
SLAPPs against journalists across Europe
Article 19; Media Freedom Rapid Response (MFRR) (2022), 86 pp.
"This report provides a Europe-wide overview of lawsuits that are taken to stifle scrutiny and public debate on issues such as corruption, mismanagement of public resources, and human rights violations. Such lawsuits, known as strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) are taken by pow
...
MISA 2021 Regional Annual Report
Harare: Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA) (2022), 19 pp.
"The year 2021 was a mixed bag for freedom of expression in Southern Africa, with the freedom of expression environment improving in some countries, stagnant in others, while others recorded declines. Malawi led the way with the adoption of its access to information legislation, while Lesotho adopte
...
Content Moderation and Local Stakeholders in Indonesia
London: Article 19 (2022), 77 pp.
"This research has shown that in the midst of the complex and diverse cultural context of Indonesia, growing use and misuse of social media in the country, and the complexity of ‘grey-area’ problematic content in the country, there has been a lack of meaningful and continuous dialogue between pl
...
