"The study found that overall, journalism in Somalia falls far short of the fifth UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG), to achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls. The study demonstrates that if the current conditions for women in Somalia’s media remain unaddressed, the country wi
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ll fail to achieve the SDG targets on ending all forms of discrimination against all women and girls everywhere. Gender representation in the workforce: Women journalists are significantly underrepresented in Somali media houses at 23%. Furthermore, the study found that as in many other sectors, there are fewer women than men in influential positions, and women have limited representation in decision making in the organisational structures of media houses. Out of 423 journalists working in the 15 media houses visited, only 92 (22%) are female." (Key findings)
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"The various practices of constructive journalism have the common objective to achieve certain effects on the audience: on the micro-level, the users’ information and emotion, on the meso-level the loyalty towards a media company, and on the macro-level the progress of society. Taking a holistic d
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efinition of constructive journalism as a basis, the two experiments discussed in this article examined the audience responses to German-language news and features presented to readers and radio listeners in both constructive and non-constructive versions. The results are multifaceted. On the micro-level, constructive forms can counteract a negative view of the world because the audience recognises a solution-orientation and underlying spirit of hope. The increased willingness to share constructive stories indicates, on the macro-level, that constructive reporting can raise the perception of possible solutions and role models and hence encourage engagement and emulation. But the hopeful prospects should not be used to simply garnish a difficult problem at any price and maintaining a distance from positive examples is advisable—otherwise, the constructive story runs the risk of being perceived as a commercial or political influence." (Abstract)
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"Wealth from Asia isn’t being channeled into media development on anything like the scale seen in the U.S. and Europe: “It’s not just about the money. It’s about priorities.”
"This volume sets out the state-of-the-art in the discipline of journalism at a time in which the practice and profession of journalism is in serious flux. While journalism is still anchored to its history, change is infecting the field. The profession, and the scholars who study it, are reconceptua
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lizing what journalism is in a time when journalists no longer monopolize the means for spreading the news. Here, journalism is explored as a social practice, as an institution, and as memory. The roles, epistemologies, and ethics of the field are evolving. With this in mind, the volume revisits classic theories of journalism, such as gatekeeping and agenda-setting, but also opens up new avenues of theorizing by broadening the scope of inquiry into an expanded journalism ecology, which now includes citizen journalism, documentaries, and lifestyle journalism, and by tapping the insights of other disciplines, such as geography, economics, and psychology." (Publisher description)
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"The use of social media for news has started to fall in a number of key markets after years of continuous growth. Usage is down six percentage points in the United States, and is also down in the UK and France. Almost all of this is due to a specific decline in the discovery, posting, and sharing o
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f news in Facebook. At the same time, we continue to see a rise in the use of messaging apps for news as consumers look for more private (and less confrontational) spaces to communicate. WhatsApp is now used for news by around half of our sample of online users in Malaysia (54%) and Brazil (48%) and by around third in Spain (36%) and Turkey (30%). Across all countries, the average level of trust in the news in general remains relatively stable at 44%, with just over half (51%) agreeing that they trust the news media they themselves use most of the time. By contrast, 34% of respondents say they trust news they find via search and fewer than a quarter (23%) say they trust the news they find in social media. Over half (54%) agree or strongly agree that they are concerned about what is real and fake on the internet. This is highest in countries like Brazil (85%), Spain (69%), and the United States (64%) where polarised political situations combine with high social media use. It is lowest in Germany (37%) and the Netherlands (30%) where recent elections were largely untroubled by concerns over fake content." (Key findings, page 9)
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"Digitaler Verbraucherschutz hilft, Menschen zu erreichen, die sich nicht professionell mit dem Thema beschäftigen und niedrigschwellige, gut verständliche Verbraucherinformationen benötigen. Hier können fremdsprachige Angebote, aber auch Angebote in einfachem Deutsch einen Zugang ermöglichen.
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Es ist wichtig, die richtigen Kanäle zu nutzen, um möglichst viele Menschen zu erreichen – seien es die sozialen Netzwerke oder Messenger wie Whatsapp oder Telegram. Das betrifft Deutsche genauso wie Geflüchtete. Mit unserem Projekt legen wir einen Meilenstein für die Verbesserung digital verfügbarer Angebote vor, indem wir sie einer umfangreichen Analyse zur Benutzbarkeit unterziehen. Wir zeigen Stärken und Schwächen bestehender Verbraucherschutzangebote für Geflüchtete und erarbeiten konkrete Vorschläge, wie diese weiterzuentwickeln und zu optimieren sind." (Vorwort)
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"This practical guide on gender sensitivity and inclusivity is designed specifically with the working journalist in mind and to prompt the practitioner to make conscious decisions about the use of words and visuals as a means of enhancing professionalism. In our everyday life, we encounter countless
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examples of gender stereotypes which often do inadvertently get mainstreamed and perpetuated by the news media, through poor language and image use, contributing to continuing discrimination. Many stereotypical social constructs get ‘normalized’ when the media perpetuates and sometimes ends up amplifying the same. For example, men are often described as heroes and epitomes of strength, with specific characteristics attributed to them. Similarly, women are regularly portrayed as weak and in need of male protection. We are constantly ‘programmed’ to ‘accept’ soldiers and freedom fighters to be men. Women on the other hand are often viewed as victims – of war, drought or epidemic – and as disempowered individuals who are meant for ‘softer’ jobs and needing ‘protection." (Preface, page 46)
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"Als Journalistinnen und Journalisten arbeiten wir jeden Tag mit unserem Handwerkszeug, der Sprache. Unsere Berichte sollten möglichst wertfrei, korrekt und präzise die Sachverhalte wiedergeben. Nicht selten passiert es aber, dass Wörter wie »Einwanderer«, »Zuwanderer« und »Migrant« im selb
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en Text nebeneinander verwendet werden, in der Annahme, sie würden alle dasselbe bedeuten. Worin sich diese Begriffe unterscheiden und bei welchen weiteren Themen ungenau formuliert wird, erläutern wir in diesem Glossar. Die Alternativbegriffe, die wir dazu anbieten sind als Vorschläge zu verstehen und sollen als Hilfestellung für die tägliche Redaktionsarbeit dienen." (Seite 5)
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"Human trafficking, which is closely linked to slavery and forced labour, is a complex social problem that requires thoughtful, informed and, above all, compassionate journalism to provide context, give voice to the victims and assist in the search for solutions. Media and journalism should play a p
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ositive role in persuading the world that trafficking can be diminished if not eradicated. Political leaders and the public at large need to read, hear and see the full story. It is an essential first step in generating the political will needed to overcome the fundamental causes of human trafficking. The advice and suggestions set out in these pages can help journalists to think twice about how they report on trafficking; to consider the legal and human rights issues involved; the treatment of the victims, their privacy and welfare; and how to tell the story with humanity and style while helping audiences to understand better what must be done." (Introduction)
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"Women are underrepresented in newsrooms and are less likely to read political and international news. Preliminary data shows that news organizations with a higher share of women writing the news and in leadership positions also have a higher share of women in their audience. A number of academic st
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udies found that (1) women are more likely to cover the news with a positive framing and (2) women are more likely to read and respond to news with a positive framing. As such, it is possible that increasing the share of female journalists, editors, and newsroom leaders in a newsroom could reduce the gender gap in political and international news consumption. More women reading these news topics could create (1) revenue opportunities for media companies through audience growth and (2) a more informed and engaged public." (Summary)
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"As in other regions, journalism in Southeast Asia is under pressure. Journalists in many of the region’s emerging markets have to develop their profession while struggling with changing market conditions, increasingly more demanding audiences, different degrees of authoritative states and growing
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competition from the Internet. Based on qualitative interviews and drawing on a combination of role theory and Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory, this article compares the role performances of journalists in Singapore and Vietnam by looking into the different expectations journalists in the two countries meet. The article illustrates how journalists continue to feel most conflicted about conforming with the states’ expectations to their profession. However, online actors imposing on the journalistic field are beginning to have a progressively bigger impact. Though they push the boundaries and set the media agenda, journalists fear they are changing the journalistic habitus, devaluing the journalistic capital and eroding years’ worth of professionalization progress." (Abstract)
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"Just 15 years ago, human trafficking was an under-reported and often misrepresented issue and some reporting sensationalized the problem or even misinformed the public. In the last few years, a significant shift has occurred i n the media’s reporting of human trafficking, from dramatic exposés t
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o in-depth original research and agenda-setting public-interest reporting. These media reports have helped change the way the public looks at human trafficking—from a crime that happens to “others” to one that has an impact on people’s everyday lives, in nearly every community and region of the world." (Page 1)
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"Journalists may be exposed to a number of risk factors for unwarranted interference. This is often compounded by a culture of impunity. The extent of unwarranted interference, the experience of fear associated with such interference, and the consequent possibility of self-censorship among journalis
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ts still ask for more investigation, since there are few systematic studies on this topic. This research explores the prevalence of unwarranted interference, perception of likelihood/fear of such interference and possible self censorship amongst a non-probability convenience sample of 940 journalists in the 47 Council of Europe member states. The study adopts a quantitative approach and utilizes an anonymous self-report questionnaire. The preliminary results presented here show how unwarranted interference is experienced to a significant degree among journalists in Council of Europe member states." (Abstract)
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"This report identifies and compares six models of collaborative journalism that span collaborations from the hyperlocal to the international levels. We provide examples of each model, and discuss common costs and benefits for each. Identifying and describing the different models of collaborative jo
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urnalism is of use to journalists, funders, and scholars alike." (Preface)
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"With regards to professional role orientations, journalists in El Salvador found it most important to report things as they are, to monitor and scrutinize political leaders, to educate the audience, and to let people express their views. The relevance of these roles was fairly undisputed among the
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interviewed journalists as the relatively low standard deviations indicate.
Still, a majority of journalists in El Salvador found it important to support national development, to promote tolerance and cultural diversity, to advocate for social change, to provide information people need to make political decisions, to influence public opinion, and to set the political agenda. Political roles like supporting government policy, conveying a positive image of political leadership, and acting as an adversary of the government were supported by only a minority of respondents." (Journalistic roles, pages 1-2)
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"This report presents the final results of a nine-month regional peer-to-peer exchange programme implemented in 2017 by MedMedia, an EU-funded programme, and COPEAM, in partnership with public service broadcasters in the Southern Mediterranean Region. The programme aimed at developing training polic
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ies and resources with a particular focus on ways in which internal training strategies can address the digital transition. The exchanges also raised awareness on the pivotal role of the Arab States Broadcasting Union’s Media Training Academy in supporting training initiatives at the public service broadcasters, through Menos, a dedicated distance learning system." (www.med-media.eu)
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"Journalism is considered as fourth pillar of any democratic society and it is only a Journalist who can take many challenges to bring truth in front of society. But sometimes journalist has to face difficult and stressful conditions while working in field where they have serious threat for their li
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fe even. In this paper researcher is trying to explore various challenging and stressful conditions of Indian journalists along with the data which reveals that why India is considered a dangerous country for journalists. Mostly secondary data is taken to analyze various aspects of working conditions of journalist. Through this paper the actual dangerous conditions for Indian journalist will be analyzed and explored." (Abstract)
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"This booklet first presents as a case study an overview and analysis of the actual reporting during the May 2014 flood in Serbia from the gender perspective. This part contains examples of gender stereotypical portrayal of men and women, but also the lack of visibility of female contribution to the
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humanitarian response. The modern system of emergency management is essentially determined by a new security paradigm. This is important to the understanding of the gender perspective in emergency management and the main characteristics are described in part 2 of this guide. This is followed by a study of the media and its role and ethics concerning the reporting of emergency situations – covering the gender aspects of emergencies. This part includes recommendations for media action in accordance with the global as well as national approaches to strengthening the resilience of people and communities for a timely and effective accommodation and recovery from the effects of disasters." (Page 8)
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