"Zu sagen, in Peru gäbe es keine Community-Radios, wäre falsch. Mittlerweile operieren 14 Basisradios sogar mit einer entsprechenden Lizenz, denn ein 2004 verabschiedetes Gesetz schreibt gemeinschaftlich organisierte Sender offiziell als dritte Säule fest. Doch unzählige lokale Stationen, die au
...
fgrund ihrer Praxis als Community-Radios bezeichnet werden können, strahlen ihr Programm ohne oder unter anderer Lizenz aus. Gründe dafür gibt es viele – unter anderem verhindern Zentralismus, Behördenwillkür und ein kompliziertes Verfahren, dass Lizenzen für Community-Radios beantragt werden. Zudem hapert es bis heute an der Umsetzung des Gesetzes. Dessen ungeachtet ist über mehrere Jahrzehnte unter anderem Label eine vielseitige Radiolandschaft mit partizipativem Charakter entstanden." (Seite 1)
more
"This article focuses on how Koch FM and Pamoja FM, two community radio stations in Nairobi, Kenya, worked during the 2007–08 tumult and 2013 general election. The article is based on observations and interviews with community radio practitioners conducted between 2007 and 2013, and addresses the
...
following questions: How do the community radio stations work during elections – times of increased tensions? How do they discourage ethnic violence in their community? How is participation used in order to bring unity to the community?" (Abstract)
more
"This article is intended as a resource for community broadcasters and researchers. It draws on interviews and discussion with community broadcasters and activists to identify practical examples of funding methods. The seven common methods of funding a community station are detailed. These are: supp
...
ort from the station's own community; patronage from a larger organisation; commercial advertising and sponsorship; competitive grants; service contracts; support by NGOs; support by governmental agencies. The article points to resources where the reader can discover more fully how each funding method is used, and concludes that a prudent station may use several methods to help ensure economic sustainability." (Abstract)
more
"The community radio has made an impression in all grounds of rural society with specific need of sustenance in the long run. The study was taken up to compare the status of three community radios operational each under State Agricultural University (SAU), Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) and Non-Governme
...
nt Organization (NGO). Four villages have been selected randomly from one purposively selected block. Forty (40) respondents from four randomly selected villages from each CRS coverage were selected for the study. Thus, a total of 120 respondents constituted the sample of the study. Sustainability of radio station is considered as the combination of social sustainability (social capital and social equity), operational sustainability (suitability of approach and training-cum problem solving) and financial sustainability. The sustainability index of NGO-CRS was found to 0.60 followed by KVK-CRS (0.58) and SAU-CRS (0.57). It is also revealed that financial sustainability of NGO-CRS was found more important than other indicators of for its long term sustenance." (Abstract)
more
"Rural communities rely on radio for communication and community radio remains the most accessible medium of communication. Rural community radio is the voice of the unprivileged members of the society. In Kenya, community radio stations are growing rapidly and extensively. Radio Mang’elete has be
...
en in existence for more than ten years but still struggling with sustainability challenges. The study was conducted in a natural setting which involved in-depth interviews and Focused Group Discussions (FGD’s). Data was collected and analyzed. The study revealed lack of quality management, lack of community involvement, lack of quality programs, unprofessionalism among others as contributing factors towards Rural Community Radio (RCR) sustainability. Qualitative research focusing on insight and understanding from the perspective of those being studied offers the greatest promise of making a difference in people’s lives (Merriam 2009). Based on findings, the study recommends that RCR should improve on financial resources, policies and regulation, professionalism, management skills, and training of staff /volunteers should be frequent." (Abstract)
more
"El libro Aire, no te vendas: la lucha por el territorio desde las ondas de Griselda Sánchez Miguel, es producto de su experiencia acumulada en años de cobertura, estudio y participación en diversos movimientos sociales de México y América Latina; en particular el estado mexicano de Oaxaca, del
...
cual es originaria, terreno fértil por sus condiciones de inequidad para el surgimiento de movimientos sociales que han hecho de la radio una herramienta valiosa para la defensa del territorio. Radio Totopo y los procesos de organización comunitaria a los que contribuye la emisora, son el motivo que la autora escoge para hablarnos de la resistencia de los pobladores de Juchitán ante el embate de compañías productoras de energía eólica que bajo el amparo de autoridades locales, estatales y federales depredan uno de sus recursos naturales más preciados: el aire, lugar donde ‘habita’ el espacio radioléctrico. Es la relación social que las radios producen al interior de las comunidades lo que define su importancia; sin embargo, señala, no hay que perder de vista que para que una comunidad instale una radiodifusora una serie de procesos previos de organización son imprescindibles puesto que ésta debe de contar con una base social sólida, o de lo contrario la radio no cumplirá su cometido y fracasará. Ante la presión por individualizar la propiedad comunitaria, los comunicadores, indígenas o no, contribuyen no sólo a visibilizar la situación por la que atraviesan sus pueblos, sino también a la construcción y articulación de estrategias reales de defensa del territorio y del propio derecho a la vida. En un panorama de criminalización de la protesta, los medios comunitarios en general y Radio Totopo en particular, constituyen un bastión donde mediante la palabra se gesta la resistencia ante el modelo occidental de desarrollo y su crisis civilizatoria. De esta forma, y gracias a una construcción colectiva, el lector podrá encontrar en este libro cómo los pueblos zapotecos del Istmo de Tehuantepec se organizan para consolidar su autonomía." (Prólogo)
more
"According to Eurolang (2014), there are 60 minority languages in Europe and 50 million people (10 % of European population) communicate through a minority language. In this context, community media play an essential role in the life of these peoples – as the European parliament recognised (2008)
...
– by consolidating their sense of belonging, providing information and becoming a space for the expression of local and/or regional sensitivities. The Third Media Sector also fulfils educational and cultural aims, preserving the local identity of the native language and culture in a contemporary framework. Therefore, community media are indeed social technologies that reinforce pluralism and diversity, not only through the production of radio or TV content, but through democratic and participatory processes that support and reinforce the European identity and cultural wealth through the use and promotion of minority languages of Europe." (Abstract)
more
"En este artículo se analiza en qué medida las políticas públicas de comunicación y cultura fueron uno de los factores fundamentales que contribuyeron para construir la posición de profunda desventaja en términos de sostenibilidad económica de los medios comunitarios, populares y alternativo
...
s de Argentina con respecto a los medios de propiedad privada con fines de lucro, a los de propiedad estatal y a otras industrias culturales. Se pretende demostrar que estos medios, en comparación con medios privados y estatales y con otras industrias culturales, se han desarrollado en históricas condiciones de desigualdad que perjudicaron sus posibilidades de sostenibilidad económica en el tiempo." (Abstract)
more
"Les recherches consacrées au lien entre radio et technologies numériques en Afrique se multiplient dans la littérature depuis le début des années 2000. Pourtant, peu d’études portent spécifiquement sur les évolutions technologiques de la radio communautaire du continent. Cette dernière e
...
st théoriquement enfermée dans une instrumentalisation développementaliste laissant peu de place à une réelle définition de sa communauté et de ses membres. Les Community media studies nous permettent de déplacer le regard et nous offrent les outils théoriques nécessaires à une conceptualisation intéressante de la radio communautaire en tant que communauté incarnée et créative." (Résumé)
more
"Consumption-Critical media practices are those practices which are either using media for criticising (certain) consumption or which are (consciously practiced) alternatives to the consumption of media technologies such as repairing, exchanging or producing durable media technologies. While the for
...
mer can be found on the level of media content, the latter are practiced on the levels of production and appropriation. This article aims at conceptualizing the phenomenon ‘consumption-Critical media practices’ by analysing examples on the levels of media production, appropriation and content. Moreover, consumption-Critical media practices are discussed as political participation as they are aiming at shaping and changing society – often striving for sustainability." (Abstract)
more
"L’approfondissement des pratiques démocratiques dans les pays étudiés passe non seulement par le renforcement des capacités des médias et des journalistes, pour qu’ils puissent s’emparer pleinement des outils numériques, mais aussi par la montée en puissance d’un grand nombre de nouv
...
eaux acteurs citoyens qui ont déjà montré, notamment lors de rendezvous électoraux, le rôle positif qu’ils pouvaient jouer. Les enjeux liés à la qualité et à la diversité de l’information disponible dans ces pays, à la transparence de l’action publique et à la redevabilité des institutions, sont intimement liés à l’existence d’un écosystème structuré qui englobe des journalistes, des blogueurs, des développeurs informatiques, des représentants d’administrations publiques, des spécialistes des données ou de la cartographie, des membres d’OSC ou d’ONG, etc. Accompagner ces acteurs citoyens d’Afrique dans le développement d’un espace public ouvert, pluriel, participatif et bien informé constitue aujourd’hui un défi à plusieurs dimensions : Contribuer à l’amélioration de l’accès à l’information (et donc, à l’accès à l’internet); Sensibiliser aux enjeux de la société numérique et de la participation citoyenne; Soutenir les acteurs de l’information et de la donnée au service du débat public; Structurer des réseaux nationaux/internationaux et d’éco-systèmes locaux d’acteurs citoyens; Développer une culture de la donnée publique ouverte et des usages que l’on peut en faire." (Conclusion, page 38)
more
"This article presents two communities in Uganda that use Community Audio Towers (CATs) as an alternative to community radio, and examines why the communities prefer the use of CATs to ‘mainstream’ community radio. Using data collected through observation at two sites in Uganda and 10 key inform
...
ant interviews from major communication stakeholders, including Uganda’s Minister of Information and Communication Technology, the article presents findings indicating that CATs are self-sustaining, with no NGO influence, and they redefine news to mean local emergencies and occurrences, while having no structures (horizontal/vertical rhetoric) as they are started and run by one community member. The challenges of the new alternative media are also discussed." (Abstract)
more
"This book examines the use of “civic media”—the technologies, designs, and practices that support connection through common purpose in civic, political, and social life. Scholars from a range of disciplines and practitioners from a variety of organizations offer analyses and case studies that
...
explore the theory and practice of civic media. The contributors set out the conceptual context for the intersection of civic and media; examine the pressure to innovate and the sustainability of innovation; explore play as a template for resistance; look at civic education; discuss media-enabled activism in communities; and consider methods and funding for civic media research. The case studies that round out each section range from a “debt resistance” movement to government service delivery ratings to the “It Gets Better” campaign aimed at combating suicide among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer youth. The book offers a valuable interdisciplinary dialogue on the challenges and opportunities of the increasingly influential space of civic media." (Publisher description)
more
"Initial growth in Internet use in the 1990s resulted in many digital pioneers viewing new information and communication technologies (ICTs) as a means to radically empower people through new global connections and extensive social capital. This has extended into an interest in exploring how ICTs ca
...
n contribute to international development, and particularly in the field of ICT for development (ICT4D). Evidence from the minority and majority worlds has tempered some of this initial enthusiasm and visions of technological determinism. This article is structured around a piece of coproduced writing to reflect on a project in a deprived neighbourhood in Edinburgh, Scotland, to empower a community through new technology and digital art. The approach involved social history in the form of an archive of images of the neighbourhood, a blog and Facebook page, and a range of physical outputs including social history walking guides and a digital totem pole. The article sets the coproduced paper in the broader literature on ICTs in community development to draw out lessons on the challenges and also the strengths of using novel methods to engage communities. While ICTs cannot develop extensive social capital within deprived neighbourhoods, it was clear that they can offer low-cost ways for institutional social capital to be developed improving partnership working." (Abstract)
more
"Eyewitness user-generated content has dominated the study of citizen journalism in crisis and conflict zones. However, the convergence of online networked technologies, like social media, collaborative mapping and real-time information management, gives ordinary people the capacity to commit acts o
...
f journalism from afar. Networks of virtual volunteers act as digital humanitarians who rapidly assemble situational awareness at the onset of natural and human-caused disasters through crowdsourcing, data analysis and crisis mapping to aid on-the-ground emergency response. While they have been studied through the multi-disciplinary lens of information science, computation, geography and emergency management, digital humanitarians have received little attention in the journalism literature. This exploratory study contends that the knowledge-based content produced by these groups is citizen journalism akin to data-driven investigative news. Two case studies and a cross-case analysis consider this argument through digital humanitarian work of the Standby Task Force on the 2015 European refugee crisis and the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador. These and other emerging crisis/conflict zone examples suggest a broader perspective is needed on citizen journalism not bounded by eyewitness user-generated content. Future research directions to explore digital humanitarianism as a form of citizen journalism are also offered." (Abstract)
more
"Citizen Media and Public Spaces presents a pioneering exploration of citizen media as a highly interdisciplinary domain that raises vital political, social and ethical issues relating to conceptions of citizenship and state boundaries, the construction of publics and social imaginaries, processes o
...
f co-optation and reverse co-optation, power and resistance, the ethics of witnessing and solidarity, and novel responses to the democratic deficit. Framed by a substantial introduction by the editors, the twelve contributions to the volume interrogate the concept of citizen media theoretically and empirically, and offer detailed case studies that extend from the UK to Russia and Bulgaria and from China to Denmark and the liminal spaces within which a growing number of refugees now live. A rich new domain of scholarship and practice emerges out of the studies presented. Citizen media is shown to embrace both physical and digital interventions in public space, as well as the sets of values and agendas that influence and drive the practices and discourses through which individuals and collectives position themselves within and in relation to society and participate in the creation of diverse publics." (Publisher description)
more