"Setting up a community radio station can seem complicated and intimidating. However, there is a lot of information and resources available to guide you and your community through this process. This section will help you find some of that information. This manual is divided into six steps: Getting S
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tarted; Legal Considerations; Funding Options; Selecting Equipment; Managing a Community Radio Station; and Broadcasting. This guide briefly explains the significance of each of these steps and then points to where you can look to find additional information." (Page 4)
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"We examine the sustainability of Community radio (CR) as a tool towards achieving the overall development in the South Asian region. A cross-country comparison of CR in areas including people’s participation, regulatory scenarios, human resource development, technology usage trends, financial pra
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ctices etc. shows a wide variety of CR applications and challenges. An indepth analysis of financial data and practices of several Nepalese CR stations (rural, urban, and semi-urban) alongside regulatory and anecdotal references from India and Bangladesh shows potential viability through advertising and other mechanisms. Even with an advertisement cap of 5 minutes per hour, every station shows the potential of achieving financial sustainability by selling a fraction of the allotted ad time (7%-46%). Our model shows that the monthly operating expenditure of types of stations turns out to be more significant than the annualized capital expenditure. In our analysis (and borne out in the real world), of the three considered stations, the semi-urban station has the highest cost per listener. Stochastic cost modeling of real world CR data show the trend of increased cost for content development is a trade-off for expanding the listener base and transmission time. We conclude with a proposed set of policy and operating recommendations to enable CR to play a significant role in overall South Asian development." (Abstract)
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"Las radios comunitarias en el área rural, se vuelven comunitarias sobre todo en tiempos de conflictos, al decir que la gente llega, participa, no cobran nada de la entrevista. Algunas de estas personas, se convierten en especie de reporteros populares, cuando llaman y se reportan. Sin que la radio
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, envíe sus periodistas, tienen una especie de reporteros en su misma comunidad, no son empleados de la radio, son los propios comunarios que opinan, llaman una y otra vez, diciendo que esto está pasando. Sin duda, como Ondas del Titikaka y la radio San Gabriel, históricamente se constituyeron en el centro de comunicación popular, en los conflictos sociales protagonizando como instrumento de articulación entre las comunidades movilizadas en los conflictos sociales del 2000 – 2003 de los bloqueo de caminos. El papel de las radios comunitarias, ha logrado socializar y politizar públicamente la información difundida, convirtiéndose en un punto de conexión que permite interactuar con la población movilizada, coadyuvando y convirtiéndose en valuarte de las movilizaciones. El papel de la radio es el centro articulador, al estar asociados discursivamente sobre los destinos que efectuarían al conjunto de las comunidades, cuando precisamente se alude críticamente sobre el sentido de las políticas públicas para la sociedad.
[...] San Gabriel, se constituye en un espacio de amplificación de la noticia radial, que ha generado la movilización colectiva de los movimientos sociales, convirtiéndose en un canal de información, de esta manera en parte integrante de la estructura social, durante los conflictos sociales 2000 – 2003. Se ha demostrado que la labor de Radio San Gabriel, ha sido muy importante para las comunidades rurales, en los procesos de conflictos sociales y bloqueo de caminos (véase Cap. IV). El conjunto de la población del altiplano sigue con mucha atención la programación de ésta emisora, para estar informado de las noticias de las comunidades, provinciales y nacional. Del número de reporteros populares capacitados por San Gabriel, un promedio de 4 respondieron enviando noticias del bloqueo de caminos del 2000 y 2003, éstos viven en la zona movilizada. Y los otros, viven fuera del área del conflicto. Los reporteros populares de San Gabriel, son hombres y mujeres, militantemente comprometidos con su comunidad, trabajan sin recibir ningún pago económico, recupera la devolución de los gastos erogados en el envió del despacho, reciben algunos casetes y pilas para su grabadora, una credencial de la emisora por tiempo definido de un año, que les acredita a cumplir su función de prensa popular en el área rural." (Conclusiones, páginas 131-132)
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"Community broadcasters are united by six guiding principles. We will work to:
1. Promote harmony and diversity and contribute to an inclusive, cohesive and culturally-diverse Australian community
2. Pursue the principles of democracy, access and equity, especially for people and issues not adequate
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ly represented in other media
3. Enhance the diversity of programming choices available to the public and present programs that expand the variety of viewpoints broadcast in Australia
4. Demonstrate independence in programming as well as in editorial and management decisions
5. Support and develop local arts and music
6. Increase community involvement in broadcasting.
Throughout the Codes, community broadcasting licensees are referred to as ‘we’ or ‘our’. The terms are legally binding." (Guiding principles, page 3)
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"Blogs are more or less controllable for those who want to keep them under surveillance. Governments that are most up to do date with new technology use the most sophisticated filtering or blocking techniques, preventing them from appearing on the Web at all. But bloggers don't just sit back and let
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it happen. The essential question becomes how to blog in complete safety. With a normal IP address, a blogger can be tracked down and arrested. Anonymity allows them to keep their freedom.
In countries where censorship holds sway, blogs are sometimes the only source of news. During the events in Burma in the autumn of 2007, pitting monks and the people against the military junta, bloggers were the main source of news for foreign journalists. Their video footage made it possible to gauge the scale of the protests and what demonstrators' demands were. For more than two months, marches were held in the streets, then a massive crackdown was launched against opponents that only the Burmese were able to show, so hard did it become for the few foreign journalists who managed to enter the country to get back out with their footage. And bloggers could not get the footage out without getting round online censorship imposed by the government. This handbook seeks to help every blogger to fill in the "black holes" In news. The second part is devoted to techniques which can thwart filtering technology." (Page 4-5)
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"We used computational social network mapping in combination with human and automated content analysis to analyze the Iranian blogosphere. In contrast to the conventional wisdom that Iranian bloggers are mainly young democrats critical of the regime, we found a wide range of opinions representing re
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ligious conservative points of view as well as secular and reform-minded ones, and topics ranging from politics and human rights to poetry, religion, and pop culture. Our research indicates that the Persian blogosphere is indeed a large discussion space of approximately 60,000 routinely updated blogs featuring a rich and varied mix of bloggers. Social network analysis reveals the Iranian blogosphere to be dominated by four major network formations, or poles, with identifiable sub-clusters of bloggers within those poles. We label the poles as 1) Secular/Reformist, 2) Conservative/Religious, 3) Persian Poetry and Literature, and 4) Mixed Networks." (Abstract)
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"Con este tercer manual, Comunicación y Comunicadores Indígenas, reafirmamos nuestra certeza en que la educación, la comunicación y la información constituyen procesos dinámicos e interactivos permanentes, en los que el aprendizaje y la enseñanza son recíprocos entre las partes. En este nues
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tro rol de apoyo y acompañamiento desde la comunicación a las organizaciones indígenas sentimos que hemos aprendido, tan igual como hemos enseñado y compartido. Con esta publicación cerramos un pequeño ciclo de trabajo y abrimos otro en el que aspiramos a contribuir de una manera más segura a la unidad, al fortalecimiento y al respeto de los pueblos indígenas y sus organizaciones representativas, alentando su protagonismo. Por eso, la difusión del manual irá acompañada -en la medida que los recursos humanos y financieros lo permitan- de jornadas de capacitación presencial en sesiones de trabajo descentralizadas con los comunicadores indígenas. El hecho de que ahora estén organizados en la Red de Comunicadores Indígenas del Perú (REDCIP) facilitará, sin duda, esta labor." (Presentación, página 10)
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"Stealing Empire poses the question, "What possibilities for agency exist in the age of corporate globalisation?" Using the work of Antonio Negri and Michael Hardt as a point of entry, Adam Haupt delves into varied terrain to locate answers in this ground-breaking inquiry. He explores arguments abou
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t copyright via peer-to-peer (P2P) platforms such as Napster, free speech struggles, debates about access to information and open content licenses, and develops a politically incisive analysis of counterdiscourses produced by South African hip-hop artists. From empire stealing through their commodification of countercultures to the stealing empire activities of file-sharers, culture jammers and hip-hop activists, this book tells the story of people defining themselves as active, creative agents in a consumerist society." (Publisher description)
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