"El presente manual sobre Nuevas Tecnologías para Radios Comunitarias tiene el objetivo de facilitar un material de referencia para el quehacer radiofónico. Si bien los temas de nuevas tecnologías son tan amplios como complejos, este manual sólo se refiere a los temas relacionados estrictamente
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con las radios comunitarias y sus necesidades de uso de estas tecnologías, sin abarcar los tópicos de convergencia tecnológica en materia de radiodifusión. Lo que aquí se presenta está basado en conversaciones, testimonios, experiencias propias, sistematizaciones de talleres y capacitaciones que se dieron en la red entre el 2006 y 2007, y recoge particularmente ideas que, en su gran mayoría, son ya puestas en práctica de distintas maneras y en distintos niveles por las radios comunitarias." (Introducción)
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"In 2002, 14 indigenous radio stations began operating in Colombia reaching 78.6 percent of the national indigenous population. Colombian indigenous radio stations are shaped by intense deliberations among each indigenous people about the poetics of information and communication technologies, unders
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tood as the exploration of the specific sets of social, cultural and political relations in which each radio station would exist if brought into each indigenous territory. Colombian indigenous peoples' appropriation of information and communication technologies is framed by new legislative frameworks made possible by the Colombian constitutional reform of 1991, by indigenous peoples' critique of Colombian mainstream media and, more significantly, by discussions among indigenous peoples about the adoption of radio — what we call a poetics of radio." (Abstract)
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"Como conclusión del estudio se presentan las siguientes reflexiones y recomendaciones:
1. Definitivamente las radios comunitarias han cumplido un papel fundamental en el desarrollo de la sociedad ecuatoriana a nivel de educativo, organización popular, participación ciudadana, etc. Sin embargo es
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te rol no es reconocido por la sociedad. Además la identidad de las llamadas radios comunitarias está en un constante proceso de definición. Por ello consideramos básico la generación de espacios en donde los diferentes actores involucrados en el proceso de comunicación comunitario definir el nuevo papel de las radios comunitarias en el Ecuador.
2. Las radios que se autocalifican como comunitarias o populares y que son miembros de la CORAPE, representan un porcentaje muy pequeño dentro del universo de estaciones autorizadas para operar en el territorio ecuatoriano. Por esta razón es importante propiciar el fortalecimiento de esta organización a fin de expandir esta red de estaciones que comparten principios de desarrollo basados en la participación y el trabajo comunitario.
3. A pesar de los esfuerzos realizados en distintos ámbitos, no se ha conseguido un reconocimiento de las radios comunitarias dentro del ordenamiento jurídico vigente. Emisoras de servicio comunal, estaciones de baja potencia o estaciones públicas, son términos mal utilizados al momento de referirse a la radiodifusión comunitaria. Además de la falta de reconocimiento, y a pesar de que las limitaciones que existían (prohibición de pasar publicidad y limitación de potencia) fueron eliminadas, no existe el escenario propicio para el otorgamiento de frecuencias de manera transparente.
4. En la práctica el acceso a frecuencias para radios comunitarias, no solo que no tiene facilidades especiales, sino que por el contrario cuenta con mayores trabas por la designación discrecional que hacen las autoridades al momento de otorgar frecuencias. Por ello es necesario impulsar un proceso de reforma en la regulación en el sector de la radiodifusión y televisión, el cual de manera explícita considere a las radios comunitarias como un actor clave dentro del sector.
5. Finalmente un reto importante digno de ser tomado en cuenta, es la forma de potenciar el papel de la radio comunitario a través del uso creativo de las llamadas “nuevas tecnologías de información y comunicaciones” en especial Internet. Por esta razón sugerimos identificar formas concretas en que las radios comunitarias hagan uso de la posibilidad de trabajo colaborativo, mayor cobertura, interacción e interactividad, que provee la red de redes." (Página 14)
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"Some recommendations can be made to Radio Progress and its community. The station seems to provide the Upper West people with what they needed – a voice to make themselves heard and to communicate with each other. Since the research showed that most limitations are due to the restraints in financ
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ial stability some stronger effort to receive funding would be advisable. Without undermining the non-profit character, Radio Progress could put more emphasise on some fundraising activities. More financial flexibility could solve most of the limitations the station is facing. Furthermore, the station board should pay more attention to a stable coordination of the station. The formerly absent and recently not existing coordination might bear negative impact on the staff motivation. Moreover, this rather unorganised coordination possibly restricts a consequent performance and a stringent development of the programming as well as potential improvement strategies. Some advice can be addressed to the listening communities. The research showed how vital the listeners handle information and educative input they receive through the station and as such also from other villages. By internal clustering of information and output through internal reflection they could even intensify the mutual learning effect the programming offers. Communities could form a committee to which people can address their grievances, demands and ideas on a frequent basis and which could present these collected information to the station. Such an organised information collection and transfer could overcome a crucial obstacle to participate for many people - the restriction to call or visit the station on their own." (Recommendations, page 98)
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"This report presents the results of the first national qualitative research study into Australian community broadcasting audiences. It explores why a significant and increasing number of Australians listen to community radio and/or watch community television, what they value about it, and how it me
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ets their needs. Community broadcasting in Australia began in the early 1970s with the establishment of the first metropolitan community radio stations. Community television is a comparatively recent development dating from the early 1990s. Today, Australian community radio is a mature industry catering to a wide variety of interests. Our study deals with audiences for ‘generalist’ stations in metropolitan and regional Australia and explores responses from two major interest groups — Indigenous and ethnic communities. Audiences for the nascent community television industry provide a further focus." (Executive summary, page 1)
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"This evaluation has five main objectives: to evaluate the implementation results of the project, to extract the lessons learnt, to propose a way forward for the Khoun Radio, to assess the feasibility of a national scale-up strategy, and finally to consider which role UNDP could play in these proces
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ses. In summary it can be said that the project has managed to have a number of the crucial components of the project implemented. In spite of strong and committed initiative, support and management from the UNDP side, the uniting and facilitating organisational framework is not yet fully in place. It is, however, considered possible to remedy this lack through an intensive, participatory planning process in Khoun among the board members and the community broadcasters – facilitated by the project staff. The report presents, analyses and extracts recommendations in connection with all of the project’s four activities: establishment of a radio station; training of district and provincial information officers; training of (volunteer) programme producers and the board; elaboration of a baseline study and collaboration with other communityoriented radio activities in Laos." (Executive summary, page 6)
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"Los siguientes capítulos de esta guía práctica, planteada por la UNESCO desde su programa de comunicación para América Latina con sede en San José, y encomendada por la Organización para su producción a Radio Nederland Training Centre – Latinoamérica, tienen como objetivo central asistir
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a los radiodifusores de toda Latinoamérica en los procesos de transferencia a formato digital. Sin duda, tan actual iniciativa y excelente factura profesional constituye un aporte sustancial que ofrece información útil, amigable y de fácil didáctica para cualquier trabajo de recuperar las memorias sonoras contenidas en las diversas y numerosas fonotecas y otros archivos de emisoras de radio y centros de producción radiofónica de América Latina." (Presentación, página 7)
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"Although community radio has a long history in South and North America, new models are evolving in other parts of the world from South Africa to Central Eurasia. True to its community roots, stations reflect the unique history, culture, and political climate of each country. Radio is the most democ
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ratic of media both in providing easy access to citizen participation and in being widely available. In rural areas from subsistence farmers in Mozambique to nomadic herders in Mongolia, radio is the only medium. With limited resources in new democracies, it is the most cost-effective medium. The expressive human voice and natural sound engage the imagination through story telling. Radio stations are not simply passive transmitters of information or hit music; they are a catalyst for building community, for improving health and education, for fostering a civil society. These are no longer theoretical visions; many stations now demonstrate all of these goals." (Abstract)
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"This study is about Community Radio Madanpokhara (CRM) in Palpa district in Western Nepal. Initiated and managed by the local residents, CRM has been on the air on frequency modulation (FM) band serving 800,000 potential listeners in the region since 2000. Triangulating in-depth interviews, observa
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tions and an audience survey as methods, this research explores the nature and extent of the local residents’ participation in the communication process. The station, operating with a wide participation from its community members, has not only been successful in providing them with an access to much needed information and entertainment but has also, in fact, proved to be an important avenue for the local population to express their opinions and views as well as exchange feelings. An audience survey, conducted in January 2004, revealed that 80.8 percentage of the local respondents listen to their community radio station for information and entertainment. Community radio in the region not only took away listeners from the state owned radio station, it also added new listeners. Thus, operation of a community radio station is not about sharing power, but it is also about creating new power. CRM has increased access to information for a larger section of rural population previously not served or underserved by the state media or the capital based-elite media. If knowledge is power and democracy is more about decentralization of power, then community radio stations in Nepal are truly championing this cause by creating many centers of power in the nation by empowering those left behind in the process and by securing their active involvement. They are encouraging the dispossessed and the marginalized in breaking the ages-old culture of silence, and CRM is leading the way in this endeavor." (Abstract)
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"El Manual de Gestión para Facilitadores es el resultado de la sistematización de una serie de talleres impartidos al equipo de Gestión y Formación de AMARC México y a la red de radios. Estos textos recogen la mirada del Programa de Gestión de AMARC ALC pero también los aportes e impresiones
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de quienes participaron en esos talleres. No se trata de un manual exhaustivo, sino de un texto que recoge e integra diferentes miradas, conocimientos y experiencias para construir una guía de trabajo para los facilitadores que emprendan la compleja tarea de trabajar la gestión en las radios comunitarias de México. Este manual también es tan sólo un acercamiento para retomar las mejores prácticas, un punto de partida de un momento específico, ya que creemos que aún faltan muchos temas por discutir y definir como red de radio comunitarias al respecto." (Introducción)
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"This paper discusses the ways in which efforts aimed at democratising the media system and empowering communities in Indonesia in three discursive periods (the 1998 "Revolution Movement," the "Reform Era" follow-up, and the 2002 Broadcasting Act up till the present time) have ebbed and flowed. The
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main result of the changing winds so far has been the liberalisation of the market, in line with global media trends. The Government has tried to frustrate the prospects of community media. Hence, the current development of community radio in the country remains stagnant, the main challenge being to create a more visible position in the media landscape, which in turn may bring about a more supportive stance in the government's policies. Our tour d'horizon of the state of affairs of community radio, its complementary status to the mainstream national media scene, and the assessment of current needs are based upon empirical evidence gathered in the Manado and Jogyakarta areas. Departing from the different dynamics of these two cases, weaknesses and critical success factors will be assessed, taking into account the different backgrounds of the regions, radio practitioners as well as their audiences in terms of religion, ethnicity, and life styles."
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"This is a series of five introductory booklets on how civil society, government, donor agencies, media and the United Nations can strengthen the community radio sector in India." (commbox)