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Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
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Methods applied
Output Type
Content Moderation and Freedom of Expression: Bridging the Gap Between Social Media and Local Civil Society
Article 19; UNESCO (2022), 46 pp.
"This report presents a summary analysis of research on current practices of content moderation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Indonesia, and Kenya, with a specific focus on 'harmful content' such as 'hate speech' and disinformation. The methodology combined desk research with qualitative interviews wit
...
Results-Based Report on Projects Approved by the 64th Meeting of the IPDC Bureau (June 2020) and Implemented in 2020-2021. Part I
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 24 pp.
"This document reports on the implementation of projects approved by the 64th meeting of the IPDC Bureau (June 2020) and implemented in 2020-2021, and on projects approved as part of IPDC’s rapid response mechanism in January 2021. It also includes the implementation reports of several projects th
...
"The 64th meeting of the IPDC Bureau (June 2020) requested the Secretariat to develop a strategy to approach the private sector and civil society in accordance with UNESCO’s fundraising strategy. A targeted fundraising strategy was developed and presented to the 32nd session of the Intergovernment
...
Content Moderation and Local Stakeholders in Kenya
Article 19; UNESCO (2022), 83 pp.
"This report specifically looks at the situation of local actors who, while they are impacted by the circulation of harmful content on social media or the moderation thereof, often find themselves unable to take effective action to improve their situation in that respect." (Introduction)
"This report explores the local-specific contextual concerns stemming from global, non-transparent, and profit-driven content moderation processes of social media. The report analyses what happens when certain local communities and countries are 'invisible' to social media platforms and illustrates
...
Assessment of Media Development in Kenya: Based on UNESCO's Media Development Indicators
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 103 pp.
"1. Government should implement the Access to Information Act 2016 speedily and fully. This would help realize the Right of Access to Information and promote a culture of transparency, openness and accountability among public officials.
2. The Information and Communications Act should be revised to
...
UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Namibia: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 3 pp.
"Namibia was thus added as a beneficiary country under the MDP in the second quarter of 2021, with the aim of reviewing the current draft bill and of increasing awareness on the right to access information by mobilizing government, civil society, and the Namibian public to take ownership and contrib
...
UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Iraq: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 5 pp.
"Iraq was added as a target country under the MDP in 2020, building on the first phase of the “Breaking the Silence: Enhancing Public Accountability on Freedom of Expression and the Safety of Journalists in Iraq” project, which was implemented by UNESCO between 2019 and 2021 with funding from th
...
UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Jordan: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 3 pp.
"Jordan was included as a beneficiary country under the MDP in 2021, responding to a request by the country’s Judicial Training Institute to strengthen the capacities of judicial operators on international standards and issues related to freedom of expression and access to information. This collab
...
UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP): Regional Action in Africa: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 10 pp.
"[...] in 2019, UNESCO’s Addis Ababa Liaison Office engaged the African Union, the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) and a wide range of partners to ensure adequate responses to the protection of journalists and the fight against impunity in Africa. These consultative meeti
...
UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Regional Action in Latin America and the Caribbean: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 10 pp.
"The MDP has since 2018 supported various capacity-building activities for Latin American and Caribbean judicial actors, such as the 5th and 6th edition of the MOOC “International Legal Framework on Freedom of Expression, Access to Public Information and the Safety of Journalists”, additional MO
...
UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Mexico: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 4 pp.
"On the occasion of the main conference commemorating the International Day to End Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists in 2019, which was held in Mexico City, the Spokesperson of the Mexican Presidency announced the Mexican government’s commitment to improve the protection of journalists, incl
...
UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Brazil: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 3 pp.
"[...] new legislation has been introduced that could have a detrimental effect on freedom of expression and access to information. This includes a “fake news” bill that was approved by the Senate in June 2020 and allows for the criminalization of certain online content, creates identification r
...
UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Morocco: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 6 pp.
"The MDP has sought throughout the reporting period to assist in the implementation of Morocco’s new legal framework, while also supporting compliance to international standards. Actions build on previous work such as an agreement signed with the Ministry for the Reform of Public Administration in
...
UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Yemen: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 4 pp.
"Yemen was added as a beneficiary country under the MDP in 2020, with the aim of promoting joint and/or coordinated media development actions to reinforce access to information and freedom of expression, both online and offline. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, activities had to be postponed t
...
UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC): 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 3 pp.
"UNESCO’s support to the DRC in 2020 and 2021, through its Kinshasa Office, has mainly focused on the construction and consolidation of a strategic dialogue between the government, state agencies, the media, social society, academia and international organizations. This way, UNESCO helped pave the
...
UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Peru: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 4 pp.
"UNESCO organized several meetings with high-level representatives from the Peruvian government, including the judicial branch and the Prosecutor’s Office, along with civil society and media syndicates. This initiative also relied on cooperation with OHCHR and the Media Freedom Group, comprised of
...
UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Lebanon: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 6 pp.
"The MDP’s response to these urgent needs was twofold: assisting Lebanese media in overcoming the viability crisis caused by the Beirut blasts, and countering the deterioration of freedom of expression and of the safety of journalists, while also maintaining previous efforts to raise awareness on
...
UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Syria: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 5 pp.
"A decade after the beginning of the civil war, Syria remains among the most dangerous environments for journalists and media workers. Between 2011 and 2021, UNESCO’s Observatory recorded 113 killings of journalists. In its 2021 report, covering the years between 2011 and 2020, the Syrian Center f
...
UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Ethiopia: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 5 pp.
"Various media freedom NGOs have noted that progress achieved in 2019 in terms of freedom of expression and of the media was disrupted by a series of internet shutdowns as well as by an anti-hate speech law adopted in 2020, whose vague provisions have drawn criticism from specialized observers. Furt
...
