"This manual provides an overview of communications with a special emphasis on the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa. It is part of a broader effort to encourage deeper involvement in action around HIV/AIDS and to create effective, long-term solutions to the epidemic." (Preface)
"Entertainment-education is the process of designing and implementing an entertainment program to increase audience members' knowledge about a social issue, create more favorable attitudes, and change their overt behaviors regarding the social issue. The results of a field experiment in Tanzania to
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measure the effects of a long-running entertainment-education radio soap opera, Twende na Wakati (Let's Go with the Times), on knowledge, attitudes, and adoption of human immuno deficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevention behaviors are presented. Multiple independent measures of effects and the experimental design of this study confer strong internal and external validity regarding the results of this investigation. The effects of the radio program in Tanzania include (1) a reduction in the number of sexual partners by both men and women, and (2) increased condom adoption. The radio soap opera influenced these behavioral variables through certain intervening variables, including (1) self-perception of risk of contracting HIV/AIDS, (2) self-efficacy with respect to preventing HIV/AIDS, (3) interpersonal communication about HIV/AIDS, and (4) identification with, and role modeling of, the primary characters in the radio soap opera." (Abstract)
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"This document contains 667 references and has been organized according to recent findings in our review of the application of current communication frameworks to HIV/AIDS communication. In short, there seems to be a consensus among academics, researchers, and practitioners that a new framework in H
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IV/AIDS communication must not only take into account theoretical and practical frameworks traditionally applied to HIV/AIDS communication (namely theories in social psychology), but also must consider the concept of context, defined as the interrelations of five key domains: government policy, spirituality, gender relation, culture, and socio-economic status. In other words, future HIV/AIDS communication efforts must address individual beliefs and actions within certain contexts that influence HIV/AIDS education and prevention. The first section of this annotated bibliography contains references related to the different theoretical concepts widely utilized in HIV/AIDS communication, and examples of their application in different settings. The theories considered are the diffusion of innovations, the health belief model, the theory of reasoned action, the AIDS risk-reduction and management model, the sense-making approach, and social learning and cognitive theories. The second section of this bibliography covers examples and reports of HIV/AIDS communication campaigns. In doing so, it provides references dealing with traditional mass media campaigns, multimedia campaigns, and the role of interpersonal and small-group communication in media campaigns; as well as more recent approaches to health and HIV/AIDS communication such as media advocacy and entertainment-education. The third section of this document contains references on community response to HIV/AIDS. Culture and context occupy the fourth section, which includes citations that might help users identify key references associated with some of the issues identified as highly relevant to future HIV/AIDS communication, such as language and different ways of knowing and communicating in varied contexts." (Introduction)
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"This is a practical guide to producing the kind of radio programmes which will make listeners stop and think about HIV/AIDS and how they can help reduce the risk of infection. In 1998 AIDS killed 1.4 million people and left 6 million orphans in Eastern and Southern Africa alone. Lack of information
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is a key reason behind the spread of the disease. RADIO AND HIV/AIDS is an attempt to make a difference by providing a practical and inexpensive communications methodology for media and HIV/AIDS workers. It is illustrated with examples of successful HIV/AIDS radio programming from many parts of the world. The handbook will also be of interest to NGO managers, policy makers and communications advisors in the field of HIV/AIDS prevention and health education in general. RADIO AND HIV/AIDS: MAKING A DIFFERENCE uses a step by step approach, and includes sections on planning, researching, designing, producing and evaluating radio programmes. It also has a section on training in the use of mass media for awareness raising, and includes advice on how to approach funders for small grants. It advocates a participatory approach to communications, in which the listeners can voice their needs in the initial research stage, take an important part in the programmes and finally have an input into their evaluation." (Back cover)
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"[Esta publicación] es una guía práctica para producir el tipo de programas de radio que hará a los oyentes pararse a pensar en el VIH-SIDA y en cómo pueden ayudar a reducir el riesgo de infección. En 1998, el SIDA mató a 1,4 millones de personas y dejó huérfanos a seis millones de niños e
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n los países del oeste y sur de África. La falta de información es una de las principales causas de la propagación de la enfermedad. RADIO Y VIH-SIDA es un intento de marcar la diferencia mediante una metodología de comunicaciones práctica y económica dirigida a los medios de comunicación y al personal sanitario del campo del VIH-SIDA. Está ilustrada con ejemplos de programas de radio sobre el VIH-SIDA que han tenido éxito en varios lugares del mundo. El manual también será de interés para directivos de ONG, políticos y asesores de comunicaciones en el ámbito de la prevención del VIH-SIDA y de la educación sanitaria en general. En RADIO Y VIH-SIDA: CÓMO MARCAR LA DIFERENCIA se expone un acercamiento gradual al problema, y se incluyen secciones sobre planificación, investigación, diseño, producción y evaluación de programas de radio. También contiene una sección sobre capacitación en el uso de medios de comunicación de masas para despertar la conciencia de los oyentes, y ofrece consejos sobre como dirigirse a financieros para conseguir pequeñas subvenciones. Aboga por un acercamiento participativo a las comunicaciones, mediante el cual, los oyentes, desde la etapa de documentación inicial, puedan expresar sus necesidades, participar notablemente en los programas y contribuir en definitiva a la evaluación con sus comentarios." (Cubierta del libro)
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"Das inhaltliche Spektrum der Filme deckt die wesentlichen Bereiche der gesundheitlichen Aufklärung ab. Dazu gehören Aidsaufklärung, Suchtvorbeugung, Sexualaufklärung, die Entwicklung von Kindern und Jugendlichen. Allgemeine gesundheitliche Themen sind Früherkennung von Krankheiten, Tabak-, Alk
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ohol- und Tablettenmissbrauch, illegale Rauschmittel, stoffunabhängige Süchte wie z.B. Fernsehsucht und Ess-Störungen. Aber auch Liebe, Sexualität, Beziehungen, Schwangerschaft, Hygiene, Baby-und Kleinkindentwicklung werden in den Filmen behandelt. So vielfältig die Inhalte der Filme sind, so vielfältig zeigt sich auch deren filmische Umsetzung in unterschiedlichen Formaten. Diese reichen von kurzen Spots, Kurzfilmen und Spielfilmen über Dokumentationen bis hin zu Mehrteilern und Fernsehserien, in denen – beispielsweise wie in Sterne des Südens – das jeweilige Thema einen Handlungsstrang bildet. Durch diese unterschiedlichen Formen und Wege sollen die verschiedenen Zielgruppen bestmöglich erreicht werden.
Bei dem Umgang mit Filmen zu aufklärerischen Zwecken stellt sich jedoch häufig das Problem, dass die dramaturgische Konzeption oft zu eindimensional und die filmische Zielsetzung zu offensichtlich ist. Bei der Aufbereitung für den Unterricht gelingt es häufig ebenfalls nicht, über die Bearbeitung der zentralen Botschaft des Films, wie z.B. „Rauchen schadet der Gesundheit“, hinauszukommen. Nicht selten bleibt es bei einer ganz eng an den jeweiligen Film angelehnten, rein kognitiven Verarbeitung. Das kann sinnvoll, mitunter aber auch langweilig sein. Neuere Methoden der wahrnehmungsorientierten Medienpädagogik stellen einen visuell-ästhetischen Lernprozess in den Vordergrund. Damit gehen sie manchmal weit über den eigentlichen Film hinaus, bieten allerdings dabei die Chance, sich mit dem Film wie auch mit der konkreten Lebenswelt der jeweiligen ZuschauerInnen auf lebendige Weise auseinanderzusetzen.
Vor diesem Hintergrund geht es bei dem hier vorgestellten Projekt einerseits um das Schwerpunktthema Gesundheit, andererseits aber auch darum, Möglichkeiten einer interaktiven und kreativen (Medien-)Pädagogik darzustellen. Dem Projekt liegt die Prämisse zugrunde, dass Kinder und Jugendliche in ihrem Alltag erlebnisorientiert Medien konsumieren und dabei immer mehr von ästhetischen Kriterien geprägt sind. Um sie für Gesundheitsthemen zu sensibilisieren, scheint eine Adaption ihrer Seh- und Wahrnehmungsweisen unumgänglich. Akzeptiert man/frau diese Prämisse, bedarf es daher neben den traditionellen verbalkognitiven Ansätzen neuer Methoden, bei denen ein emotionaler Zugang eine zentrale Rolle spielt. Diesem wahrnehmungsorientierten Ansatz sowohl der Gesundheitsförderung wie auch der Medienpädagogik entsprechend, geht es bei den in diesem Handbuch vorgestellten Methoden nicht um Belehrung, sondern um eine gesprächs- oder aktivitätsgeleitete Auseinandersetzung vor dem sozialen und biographischen Hintergrund der jeweiligen Zielgruppen." (Zu diesem Handbuch, Seiten 36-38)
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"A pilot project on Youth Protection was supported by UNICEF and implemented by the Centre for Communication, Training, Documentation, and Production of Cairo University between August 1996 and September 1997. Major objectives were to: 1) gain current and in-depth information on relevant knowledge,
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attitudes and behaviors related to HIV/AIDS, and identify risk factors among youth as a key population group; 2) develop key prevention messages suitable for youth and similar target groups; 3) disseminate essential prevention messages among one particular youth group, namely, Cairo University students, who may further disseminate information gained; and 4) develop a model for working with university students which can be replicated in other Universities in Egypt. Implementation began with baseline data collection (through survey and focus group discussions) to assess Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) among the university student target population and identify appropriate intervention techniques and message strategies. Small groups of university students from 10 different faculties were then trained in interpersonal communications skills related to HIV/AIDS and on relevant prevention measures. Ten student rallies were organized to convey essential messages. Impact evaluation was conducted through pre/post-rally interviews with samples of 20 randomly selected students. The main findings of the study point to misconceptions and lack of essential knowledge among university students on HIV/AIDS, including means of protection from infection. Focus group discussions indicate that a significant number of Egyptian youths are engaging in high-risk behaviors. Effective communication techniques can have an impact. Well-organized face-to-face activities such as the youth rallies can be an effective means of conveying socially sensitive health messages related to HIV/AIDS. It is recommended that the methodology be replicated among other youth groups; that more information materials; including video be developed and that mass media be used in a more planned, targeted, systematic and sustained manner to increase impact. Linkages between mass media and interpersonal communications should be identified and strengthened. Both the process and the result of the project are useful in the planning and implementation of HIV/AIDS prevention in Egypt." (Reviewed by Nimal Hettiarachy, UNICEF, cited from the "Annotated Bibliography of Evaluations in Africa": http://www.geocities.com/afreval/documents/education.htm, 10.04.2007)
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"This book provided the best synthesis of social marketing and social mobilization theory and practice in international development, as it stood in the 1990s. At the time it was written, no other source provided such a comprehensive review backed-up by extremely useful bibliographies as well as proj
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ect data from major development sectors - health, population, nutrition, AIDS prevention, etc. It is of broad interest to various categories of readers: aid agency officials, frontline communication/development planners and particularly academics seeking a "real-world" summary of experiences in specialized seminars and training programs." (https://www.goodreads.com)
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