"School teachers, teacher trainers and development workers know that visual aids help people to learn and remember, but when time is short and resources few, visual aids may seem to be a luxury they cannot afford. This book shows that you can make visual aids quickly and easily, using low-cost mater
...
ials, which are simple to find or improvise, wherever you are in the world. All the techniques described in this book have been adapted and developed by Voluntary Services Overseas (VSO) volunteers and the national colleagues, working in schools and development projects throughout Africa, Asia, the Caribbean and the Pacific. How to Make and Use Visual Aids draws together know-how and tips from this firsthand experience in situations where resources are limited. The book is designed to be used by teachers, teacher trainers a development workers from any skill background. How to Make Use Visual Aids can readily be used by people with little or no experience of making or using visual aids. It can also extend the range and ambition of experienced users by providing them with ideas, practical tips and new ways of thinking about visual aids." (Introduction)
more
"Experience gained in many countries shows that the acceptance and use of participatory processes is essential to achieve sustainable development. However, without tools and materials to support participatory approaches, wishes do not translate into reality. This tool kit of visual materials was pre
...
pared in response to the repeated demands from people working in the field for materials that can help decision makers, project staff, training institutes, trainers and artists initiate the process of developing their own local materials to address their specific concerns. While the need for greater access to this material is clear, we hesitated for some time in putting out a global tool kit for three main reasons. First, because development is rooted in the social, cultural, economic, and political context of societies and its institutions, visual materials should be a reflection of these realities and hence, of necessity, are location-specific. Can a global tool kit, then, serve a useful purpose? After much field experience, we have concluded that the answer is "yes." Over the last ten years, we have found that participatory training is more likely to take root and spread if local trainers and artists have some visual materials to spark their imaginations and, in some sense, to use as models. Just reading about a "pocket chart" is not sufficient; seeing and handling one makes all the difference in understanding the material, its applications, and possible uses. Second, despite the importance of visual materials, readers should not conclude that community development work requires prepared visuals. Many of the activities described can be conducted without the materials included in this kit. For example, maps can be drawn on the ground, and voting can be done by putting stones in squares scratched in the dirt. Issues surrounding gender analysis can be discussed effectively in a group without any visual aids at all. It is up to practitioners to change, simplify, and adapt the materials to their own needs. At the same time, we have found that visual materials are extremely effective in breaking class, gender, education, literacy, professional training, and status barriers. This is true at both the community and agency levels. At the community level they empower those who are not used to speaking up-such as women and the poor-to express themselves and their ideas through drawing, role plays, songs, stories, puppetry and through manipulating materials that are simple to use." (Preface)
more
"Visual literacy is a characteristic all human beings inherently possess. Yet because of our cultural and social differences, we interpret visual symbols and representations, such as drawings, pictures, and artefacts, in different ways. How and why people use visual images to represent complex ideas
...
and processes is the focus of How People use Pictures. It is the first comprehensive review of the literature on visual literacy in over a decade, and offers new insights into this complicated issue. Written for practitioners interested in communicating with local people using pictures and visual symbols and for researchers interested in gaining a deeper appreciation of the 'language of the visual', this book provides detailed annotations of over 100 key references, as well as an extensive list of useful institutions and resources." (Publisher description)
more
"Myron J. Pereira, SJ, brings together his years of experience in Development Communication as the director of ASTHA, a department of the Xavier Institute of Communications, Bombay. In this book he deals with sound slides, video, audio-cassettes and posters, street-plays and puppets and how they can
...
be effectively used to transform the society. Essentially this is a 'how to' book. Numerous media practitioners are not professionals in any way. They are teachers, pastors, social workers, community organizers and political activists. But they are aware of the influence of modern communications and they would like to improve their skills and widen their perspectives both in communication and with the media. The book is meant for them." (Back cover)
more
"This manual has been written for the trained facilitator. It is designed to reinforce concepts and techniques learned in training of facilitators and trainers in participatory group processes. It is the rare individual who could simply study the manual and apply it. A great deal of practice and exp
...
erience is needed before most of us become accomplished facilitators. If you are a trained facilitator and wish to use the methods and techniques outlined herein with a group of like-minded people who wish to experiment, you should have no problem. On the other hand, if you are going to use it with an external group who are not particularly familiar with participatory techniques, a good deal of discussion and planning is required. Above all, it is important for the professional facilitator to deeply understand the objectives of a group event. If you detect that top management has a particular agenda in mind and merely wants to transmit it to employees, or to manipulate their staff to a point of view for some unspoken reason, professional facilitators must explain that their job is not to manipulate, that VIPP methods involve true participation and that ulterior motives will become transparent in the process. It is better not to start a participatory process if those responsible are not prepared to accept a different outcome than they expect." (How to use this manual, page ix)
more
"Ein Bild sagt mehr als 1000 Worte. Das stimmt, aber leider nur in ganz wenigen Bereichen, wo die Gestalt, die oberflächliche Beschaffenheit der Dinge im Brennpunkt der Betrachtung steht. Meist ist es aber andersherum, Worte sind viel aussagekräftiger und als Kommunikationsmittel viel universeller
...
als Bilder. Und erst die richtige Kombination von Wort und Bild ist dem einzelnen Medium überlegen, und das gilt in Schriftkulturen ebenso wie in der Kommunikation mit Analphabeten. Die wahren Potentiale der Bildkommunikation werden meistens überschätzt und andererseits nur selten voll ausgeschöpft. Hier setzt dieses Buch an, und versucht Aufklärung in historischer und universeller Sichtweise. Das Verständnis der europäischen Mediengeschichte soll es leichter machen, sich in die noch überwiegend orale Welt Afrikas zu versetzen und eine systematische Beschreibung der Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Bildkommunikation setzt den allgemeinen theoretischen Rahmen. Entsprechend einer situationsfunktionalen Herangehensweise werden danach Grundfragen der Kommunikation mit Analphabeten angesprochen und die Rahmenbedingungen der Kommunikationssituation von Programmen und Projekten der ländlichen Entwicklung in Afrika beschrieben. Darauf aufbauend folgen zwei zentrale Beispiele, wie bildgestützte Kommunikation schon erfolgreich in Afrika entwickelt und eingesetzt wurde. Deren kritische Betrachtung und vergleichende Analyse führt dann zusammen mit den angewandten Grundlagen zu praktischen Empfehlungen." (Verlagsbeschreibung für die zweite Aufl. 2000)
more
"En 1980, se inició un proceso de producción de audiovisuales en el Departamento de Comunicaciones del Ministerio de Desarrollo Agropecuario y Reforma Agraria de Nicaragua. El presente trabajo forma parte de ese proceso [...] Consta de tres partes. La primera abarca aspectos del proceso de comunic
...
ación y del lenguaje. En la segunda, se desarrolla un manual de producción de audiovisuales. La tercera parte trata sobre aspectos prácticos y adicionales del trabajo con audiovisuales." (Cubierta del libro)
more
"The monograph, as the name suggests, is about visual literacy, communication and visual design. It goes beyond mere definition and does more than provide a theoretical framework. The monograph relates to the practical concerns of designing culture-oriented visual materials for use in functional lit
...
ercy and development communication in different cultures and countries. The guidelines are intended to be useful to all designers of visual materials whatever their cultural setting. The message is: read your own culture and understand your own visual language as you design visual messages for use in your particular cultural setting." (Page 8)
more
"Report on experiments carried out in Tanganyika by means of posters, film transparencies and films — Results and suggestions." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countries. Brussels: CIDESA, 1971 Nr. 2194, topic code 310.1)