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Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
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Output Type
How to Build an Infodemic Insights Report in Six Steps
World Health Organization (WHO); UNICEF (2023), v, 73 pp.
"This manual provides a quick overview of the steps required to develop an infodemic insights report that can be used during an emergency response or for routine health programming (where so-called low-level infodemics may be more common). The steps are: 1. Choose the question that infodemic managem
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Narrative über den Krieg Russlands gegen die Ukraine (NUK)
Bonn; Berlin: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb); Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD) (2023), 30 pp.
"Zwischen dem 19.09.2022 und 18.09.2023 wurde das Projekt „Narrative über den Krieg Russlands gegen die Ukraine“ (NUK, im Folgenden NUK) vom Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD Germany) im Auftrag der Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung/bpb umgesetzt. Ziel des Projekts war es, Desinformati
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From Disinformation to Fact-Checking: How Ibero-American Fact-Checkers on Twitter Combat Fake News
Profesional de la Información, volume 32, issue 1 (2023), 14 pp.
"In recent years, the disinformation phenomenon, brought about by the ease with which fake news and hoaxes spread on social networks, has grown considerably. Twitter, especially, is a network that from the outset has been closely linked to news processes that are widely used by journalists. It has b
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A systematic literature review of the motivations to share fake news on social media platforms and how to fight them
New Media & Society, volume 26, issue 2 (2023), pp. 1127-1150
"This review aims (a) to investigate the motivations to share fake news on Social Media Platforms (SMPs) according to the Self-Determination Theory (SDT); (b) to identify the solutions to fight these motivations and the agents in charge of implementing them; and (c) the user’s role in this process
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Lebanon's Information Environment: Exploring Appropriate Responses
Metn: Samir Kassir Foundation; National Endowment for Democracy (NED) (2023), 32 pp.
"The purpose of this study is twofold: to understand how the Lebanese public consumes news published on traditional and alternative media, with a focus on how they perceive and deal with disinformation campaigns and fake news, and to build a comprehensive view of the organizations and initiatives th
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Challenges and Perspectives of Hate Speech Research
Deep Insights
Berlin: Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Media and Communication Studies (2023), 482 pp.
"This book is the result of a conference that could not take place. It is a collection of 26 texts that address and discuss the latest developments in international hate speech research from a wide range of disciplinary perspectives. This includes case studies from Brazil, Lebanon, Poland, Nigeria,
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Striking the balance between fake and real: Under what conditions can media literacy messages that warn about misinformation maintain trust in accurate information?
Behaviour & Information Technology (2023), 13 pp.
"Although interventions that warn about the harms of misinformation may be effective in lowering the credibility of false information, they may also cause suspicion related to factually accurate information. To explore these contradictory outcomes of exposure to media literacy messages, we used an o
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Countering Misinformation: Evidence, Knowledge Gaps, and Implications of Current Interventions
Deep Insights
European Psychologist, volume 28, issue 3 (2023), pp. 189-205
"This paper provides researchers and policymakers with an overview of which individual-level interventions are likely to influence the spread of, susceptibility to, or impact of misinformation. We review the evidence for the effectiveness of four categories of interventions: boosting (psychological
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Digital Platform Governance and the Challenges for Trust and Safety. Part 3: Possible Regulatory Solutions to Address Concerns with the Platforms
Research ICT Africa; UNESCO (2023), 19 pp.
"Platform problems are linked to the fact that they are not self-governing according to agreed industry standards but mainly ‘solo-governing’ when it comes to content curation and moderation. Reaction to the failure of current platform efforts to regulate content includes the danger of over-regu
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Social Media 4 Peace: Local Lessons for Global Practices
Paris: UNESCO (2023), 69 pp.
"The three countries [Bosnia and Herzegovina, Indonesia, and Kenya] provide evidence of online hate speech and disinformation affecting human rights offline. The evidence is not comprehensive yet clear enough to raise serious concerns. Online gender-based violence is also reported as critical in the
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Online Content Moderation and Post Conflict Peacebuilding: A Review to the Regulatory Framework in Colombia
Fundación para la Libertad de Prensa (FLIP); UNESCO (2023), 83 pp.
"This text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter describes the characteristics of online public debate in Colombia. It also presents the historical context and details the circumstances in which risky content for democracy and human rights content is published and disseminated in the coun
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Digital Platform Governance and the Challenges for Trust and Safety. Part 1: Why Lies and Hatred Proliferate on Digital Platforms
Research ICT Africa; UNESCO (2023), 21 pp.
"Online and platform content that may cause harm through the breach of human rights is sufficiently widespread to have raised concerns about the potentially severe implications for the future of trust, safety, democracy and sustainable development. A certain amount of this content is curbed by the d
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Platform Responses to Misinformation: A Meta-Analysis of Data
Deep Insights
Zurich: International Panel on the Information Environment (IPIE) (2023), 70 pp.
"This Synthesis Report examines the effectiveness of countermeasures against misinformation on social media platforms, focusing on the two most examined remedies: content labeling and corrective information interventions. A meta-analysis is a research process for synthesizing and aggregating the fin
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From Disinformation to Influence Operations: The Evolution of Disinformation in Three Electoral Cycles
Internews (2023), 56 pp.
"How has the Philippine disinformation landscape evolved since 2016? How different was the 2022 presidential election from previous electoral cycles? And what lessons can we learn from electoral triumphs and defeats often associated with disinformation? This report goes to the heart of these questio
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Nudging Knowledge: Tackling Health Misinformation in Humanitarian Settings Using Behavioral Science
Key Guides
Nairobi: Busara (2023), 46 pp.
"This guide does not require prior knowledge or experience in behavioral science. It will be relevant for you if you are an actor in a humanitarian setting look to: 1. Design a Theory of Change for a program aiming to change people’s beliefs or behaviors: This guide can be used by several actors.
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Deepening the Response to Authoritarian Information Operations in Latin America
Washington, DC: National Endowment for Democracy (NED) (2023), 29 pp.
"The essays in this report deepen our understanding of the escalating and evolving threats posed by global authoritarianism. While responses to authoritarian information manipulation have been robust in many ways across Latin America, much more can be done to counter it and enhance the quality of in
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Countering Misinformation via Emotional Response Generation
arXiv, issue 2311.10587 (2023), 17 pp.
"The proliferation of misinformation on social media platforms (SMPs) poses a significant danger to public health, social cohesion and ultimately democracy. Previous research has shown how social correction can be an effective way to curb misinformation, by engaging directly in a constructive dialog
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