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Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
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Countries
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Journals
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WHO Public Health Research Agenda for Managing Infodemics
Geneva: World Health Organization (WHO) (2021), xii, 53 pp.
"The five research streams are listed below. For each stream, three top research questions were identified, resulting in a list of 15 top priority research questions for the public health research agenda for infodemic management. Further, we listed for each subcategory a second tier of important res
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Disinformation Toolkit 2.0: How Civil Society and Non-Governmental Organizations Can Combat Harmful Mis- and Disinformation
Key Guides
InterAction (2021), 49 pp.
"This report includes framing context to strategically understand and respond to disinformation in the aid sector (part 1), followed by three separate but linked sets of analyses, recommendations, and tools (parts 2, 3, and 4) spanning core perspectives relevant to InterAction Member organizations.
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"In this paper, ARIJ proposes the following recommendations which target the greater media community. This includes media institutions concerned with the press, unions, press unions and donors who support this venture. We maintain that disinformation is a product of a social and political environmen
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Storytelling Against Extremism: How Fiction Could Increase the Persuasive Impact of Counter- and Alternative Narratives in P/CVE
Journal for Deradicalization, issue 27 (2021), pp. 193-236
"The past decade has seen an increase in research on narratives in extremist communication and their role in radicalization processes as well as on both counter- and alternative narratives as tools to prevent or counter radicalization processes. Conspicuously absent from the P/CVE literature so far,
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"Con la vista fija en una mejor calidad en la percepción misma de la información, así como en el desarrollo de competencias ciudadanas para disminuir la vulnerabilidad a la manipulación y contrarrestar el secuestro mismo de la libertad de consciencia, surge el Observatorio Venezolano de Fake New
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Let Free Media Thrive: Stories of Impact of the Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists
Paris: UNESCO (2021), 18 pp.
"The collection of stories presented here aims to highlight the impact of the MDP's (Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists) MDP’s actions over the course of this challenging year. Through testimonies from beneficiaries and partners who aspire to improve freedom o
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How Journalists Can Address Misinformation on Telegram
Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2021), 35 pp.
"As of July 2021, Telegram had 550 million active users worldwide – more than the individual user bases of Twitter, Snapchat or Discord. It is the fifth most-popular messaging app after Facebook-owned Whatsapp and Messenger, and WeChat and QQ which dominate the Chinese market [...] For this paper,
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How freelance journalists can battle mis- and disinformation in news
Freelance Journalism Assembly; European Journalism Centre (2021), 4 pp.
"As a freelance journalist, you will often work independently or outside of a newsroom. Sharpening your fact-checking and verification skills is vital to protect both you and your stories from mis- and disinformation. Knowing the networks and resources you can turn to for help means you’re not alo
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Information Dystopia and Philippine Democracy: Protecting the Public Sphere from Disinformation
Deep Insights
Internews (2021), 98 pp.
"The Philippines is one of the first countries where the potential for online disinformation threats to undermine democratic processes, especially during elections, was noticed [...] This report takes a deep look at an online survey that Internews conducted, explores the cultural and emotional dimen
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How to Counter Disinformation: 10 Strategic Demands
Potsdam: Friedrich Naumann Stiftung (2021), 8 pp.
"1 Words matter: Use the correct terms
2 Images and emotions: Understanding the entire range of disinformation
3 Creating structures for the digital education of every age group
4 Securing the freedom of expression: Smart regulation against overblocking
5 A modern constitutional state
6 Focus on tec
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Media and Freedom of Expression
International Reports (Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung), volume 37, issue 3 (2021), pp. 2-99
"The Digital Enquirer Kit is an e-learning course that guides learners through lessons on how to prevent the spread of misinformation, available on the free platform atingi.org. The course covers topics including media literacy, verification, and how to navigate the internet safely. The first four m
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Respuestas para combatir la desinformación en procesos electorales en Perú
Lima: UNESCO (2021), 72 pp.
"Este informe de UNESCO en Perú analiza una variedad de respuestas que han sido implementadas en el país para contrarrestar los efectos de la desinformación durante las Elecciones Generales 2021. El estudio reconoce que diversas organizaciones han contribuido en la lucha contra las llamadas fake
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Social Media Hate Speech Mitigation Field Guide
#defyhatenow (2021), 80 pp.
Fake News is Bad News: Hoaxes, Half-Truths and the Nature of Today's Journalism
Intech Open (2021), 260 pp.
"The publication is focused on the ways fake news, disinformation, misinformation and hateful statements are spread across society, predominantly within the online environment. Its main ambition is to offer an interdisciplinary body of scholarly knowledge on fake news, disinformation and propaganda
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Beyond Fake News: The Central African Republic’s Hate Speech Problem
United States Institute of Peace (USIP), August 16 (2021)
"After a recent contested election, the Central African Republic finds itself in a precarious situation. Violence around the election combined with the socio-economic impacts of COVID-19 and destructive flooding have caused the humanitarian emergency to reach its worst state in five years. Meanwhile
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Disinformation and freedom of opinion and expression: Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
Deep Insights
United Nations, General Assembly (2021), 20 pp.
"In the present report, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression examines the threats posed by disinformation to human rights, democratic institutions and development processes. While acknowledging the complexities and challenges posed
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"A loosely connected, constantly learning global network of counter-disinformation responders—with the benefit of greater access to platforms and additional resources from funders—can serve as a bulwark against evolving threats to the integrity of the information space. Although these threats tr
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Social Networks and the Challenge of Hate Disguised as Fear and Politics
Journal for Deradicalization, issue 26 (2021), pp. 1-33
"This case study examines social networks as the modern intersections of radical discourse and political extremism. But, as this research will show, extremist content in social networks, even that which has telegraphed violent hate crimes, is seldom communicated in textbook forms bigotry or provocat
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