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The Critical Role Support Organizations Can Play in Maturing the Local News Field

Anika Anand, Darryl Holliday

Democracy Fund;Commoner Company (2025), 16 pp.

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Peer-based research funding as a model for journalism funding

Maria Latos, Frank Lobigs, Holger Wormer

Journalism, volume 25, issue 11 (2024), pp. 2440-2459

"Financing high-quality journalistic reporting is becoming increasingly difficult worldwide and economic pressure has intensified in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. While numerous alternative funding possibilities are discussed, ranging from membership models to government funding, they should no ... more

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Public financing of news media in the EU: Final report

Astrid Henningsen, Adam Krcal

Luxembourg: European Union (2024), 162 pp.

"At an aggregate level, public allocations dedicated to public service media have increased only modestly in recent years. However, there are substantial variations in allocations (absolute and per capita) across countries. Some Member States have recently increased funding, others have cut back. As ... more

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Enabling a Sustainable News Environment: A Framework for Media Finance Legislation
Inspiring Practice

Conny Moon Sehat, Amy Mitchell, Samuel Jens

Center for News, Technology & Innovation (CNTI) (2024), 46 pp.

"This study examines 23 recently enacted or proposed legislative efforts from 2018 through 2024 aimed at providing revenue streams for journalism. We hope it offers a fulsome method for analyzing possible paths forward. There are two main parts of the report: Part One groups this legislation into se ... more

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Incentivos tributarios para las industrias creativas: Guía práctica

Diana Rey Vásquez

Bogotá: Centro Regional para el Fomento del Libro en América Latina y el Caribe (CERLALC);Friedrich Naumann Stiftung (2023), 54 pp.

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National journalism funds: A GFMD impact policy paper

Sameer Padania, Francesca Silvani

Global Forum for Media Development (GFMD) (2023), 17 pp.

"As such, a National Fund for Journalism (NFJ) is a dedicated structure that is designed with a strategic sectoral purpose to provide long-term funding and financing to an independent journalism ecosystem in a particular country, region or place (as a Local or City Fund for Journalism, for example). ... It can take different forms, but in essence is designed to redress shortcomings, barriers or imbalances in a particular media market, or to incentivise, catalyse or accelerate new entrants or transformative processes in that market. A National Fund for Journalism (NFJ) can complement and reinforce other policy measures aimed at improving and strengthening the independent media ecosystem. NFJs are ideally nationally- or sometimes regionally-governed funding structures that are independent of the funders - including governments, bilaterals, multi-laterals, foundations, tech platforms and others - that provide them with financial resources. Even if underpinned principally by public money - either from a domestic government or from international government donors or both - their transparency and independence reduces the risk of the funder being seen to be interfering in the media landscape/market or in individual grantees. This can also help to give confidence to other sources of funding, such as philanthropic, tech, corporate or individual donations, where such donors are wary of being seen to fund media directly. Given these primary sources, NFJs need to operate with a high degree of accountability and transparency, and in general, NFJs are designed and administered by independent and professional bodies, with independent governance and transparent structures and processes. NFJs ideally include representation from diverse parts of the media sector, and potentially from citizens. An NFJ may be centrally administered through a single body or may be a mechanism to decentralise funding through diverse bodies or sub-funds to particular regions or communities, to counteract spatial, racial or other inequalities. As a sector-level intervention, an NFJ should have a longer horizon than project or programmatic funding schemes. In many locations, NFJs will need to address the need for long-term stable funding and therefore, if not established in perpetuity, could be designed to last for a minimum of ten years. NFJs should be established to exist beyond electoral or political cycles, emergencies or short-term project cycles. In many cases, for example, where funds are provided through regulatory mechanisms, they may be established in law." (Pages 4-5) more

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Sustaining Journalism, Sustaining Democracy: A Policy Guide on Platforms and the Press

Michael Karanicolas, Courtney Radsch, Akshat Agarwal, Nicholas Wilson

UCLA Information Policy Lab (2023), 68 pp.

"This publication considers the range of policy changes that have been tried or recommended by global regulators, assessing their impacts on press freedom and news media sustainability, with consideration for the risk of capture, and other potential tradeoffs of these interventions. It examines four ... more

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Medienpolitik: Grundlagen für Wissenschaft und Praxis
Top Insights

Manuel Puppis

München: UVK, 3., vollständig überarb. und erw. Aufl. (2023), 366 pp.

"Digitalisierung, Transnationalisierung und Kommerzialisierung stellen die Medienpolitik vor große Herausforderungen. Wie kann sichergestellt werden, dass Medien und Plattformen ihre wichtige Funktion in einer demokratischen Gesellschaft erfüllen? In diese Thematik führt Manuel Puppis systematisc ... more

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Public Support for Local and Community Media in Three Countries: A Comparative Study

Franz Krüger

African Journalism Studies, volume 44, issue 4 (2023), pp. 310-326

"In the discussion of possible solutions to the business crisis facing legacy media, insufficient attention has been paid to existing arrangements that channel public money to media serving marginalised audiences, particularly in Global South countries. Argentina and South Africa are upper middle-in ... more

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Creating National Funds to Support Journalism and Public-Interest Media
Quick Overview

Anya Schiffrin, Brigitte Alfter

Global Forum for Media Development (GFMD) (2023), 17 pp.

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The Search for Sustainable Local Media: Tools and Models

Franz Krüger

BBC Media Action;PRIMED (2022), 3 pp.

"A summary of the forthcoming policy paper Greening Africa's news deserts: The search for sustainable local media in sub-Saharan Africa, soon to be published. The policy paper has been written with support from the Konrad Adenauer Foundation and Fojo Media Institute. It focuses on local and communit ... more

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A New Deal for Journalism in Africa. Part 1: Three Pillars for Bringing Platforms to Pay Fair Value for Public Interest Journalism

Sekoetlane Phamodi

Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2022), 9 pp.

"Worldwide, the revenue base for journalism has been disrupted by digital innovation and the dominance of technology platforms in the audience and advertiser-facing markets. Revenue models relied upon by news and information services have collapsed, and credible journalism and its social function ar ... more

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Saving Journalism 2: Global Strategies and a Look at Investigative Journalism
Top Insights

Anya Schiffrin, Hannah Clifford et al.

Washington, DC: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2022), 56 pp.

"It’s clear that there are plenty of good ideas about how to save journalism as well as practical proposals for how to support quality information. The journalism community in much of the world is galvanized to make change happen and they’re ready to persuade the public and policy makers both th ... more

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Indirect and Direct Subsidies for Media: The European Experience

Milan F. Živkovic, Karolina Leakovic

BBC Media Action;PRIMED (2022), 22 pp.

"This report presents four models of direct media subsidies in Europe: from Serbia, Croatia, Sweden and the European Union as well as an overview of reduced VAT rates for newspapers, digital publications and periodicals in EU countries and Serbia. In recent years, the value of direct state aid for m ... more

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Government and Industry-Led Initiatives to Support the Development of the Media Market: Case for Kenya

Haron Mwangi

BBC Media Action;PRIMED (2022), 15 pp.

"This paper explores the instances and circumstances under which the media community in Kenya has closely worked with the government to introduce media reforms though new legislation and related policies. It focuses on changes that have been enacted over the last decade and, in particular, those aim ... more

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Finding the Funds for Journalism to Thrive: Policy Options to Support Media Viability
Top Insights

Anya Schiffrin, Emily Bell, Julie Posetti, Francesca Edgerton

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 16 pp.

"The traditional business model of the news media has been deeply eroded by a shift in advertising revenues to online platforms. Media outlets must intensify efforts towards more inclusive journalism, alternative business models and diversified revenue streams. Urgent action from other actors is als ... more

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Öffentliche Förderung journalistischer Informationsmedien in ausgewählten Ländern

Deutscher Bundestag (2021), 29 pp.

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Pathways to Media Sustainability in a Broken Market: Is Independent Media a Public Good and is Public Subsidy to Support it Realistic?

James Deane

Protecting Independent Media for Effective Development (PRIMED) (2021), 27 pp.

"This working paper argues that business models capable of supporting independent media are decreasingly available, that media markets are increasingly fertile territory for government co-option and that alternative sources of revenue for independent media are scarce." (Page 3)

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Saving Journalism: A Vision for the Post-Covid World

Anya Schiffrin, Hannah Clifford, Kylie Tumiatti

Washington, DC: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2021), 36 pp.

"Dozens of plans to help save journalism have emerged since the Covid-19 pandemic decimated media outlets around the world. This report summarizes some of the trends we’ve seen and evaluates where they currently stand. Most promising are Australia’s efforts to get Google and Facebook to pay for ... more

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Staatliche Medienförderung: Begriffsverständnis, theoretische Zugänge und Praxen in der DACH-Region

Paul Clemens Murschetz

In: Handbuch Medienökonomie

Jan Krone; Tassilo Pellegrini (eds.)

Wiesbaden: Springer VS (2021), 29 pp.

"Staatliche Medienförderung gilt als Instrument der Medienpolitik und bedeutet in der Regel die fortwährende finanzielle Unterstützung von Medieninhabern zur Produktion und dem Vertrieb von Medieninhalten und -projekten. Staatliche Medienförderung kann viele Formen annehmen, meint aber vorwiegen ... more

Enabling a Sustainable News Environment: A Framework for Media Finance Legislation Inspiring Practice

Medienpolitik: Grundlagen für Wissenschaft und Praxis Top Insights

Creating National Funds to Support Journalism and Public-Interest Media Quick Overview

Saving Journalism 2: Global Strategies and a Look at Investigative Journalism Top Insights

Finding the Funds for Journalism to Thrive: Policy Options to Support Media Viability Top Insights

Enabling a Sustainable News Environment: A Framework for Media Finance Legislation
Inspiring Practice

Medienpolitik: Grundlagen für Wissenschaft und Praxis
Top Insights

Creating National Funds to Support Journalism and Public-Interest Media
Quick Overview

Saving Journalism 2: Global Strategies and a Look at Investigative Journalism
Top Insights

Finding the Funds for Journalism to Thrive: Policy Options to Support Media Viability
Top Insights