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Youth and Independent Media in Morocco: Focus Group Findings

Metn (LB): Samir Kassir Foundation (2021), 6 pp.

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Cybersafety: The experiences of Ni-Vanuatu women and girls online

Port Vila, Vanuatu: CARE Vanuatu (2021), 42 pp.

"The Girls Online (GO!) Cybersafety project (GO! Cyber) aims to equip young women and girls with the skills and resources to participate meaningfully and safely in cyberspace. The project is implemented by CARE Vanuatu and Sista with the support of Australia’s Cyber and Critical Tech Cooperation P ... more

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Understanding How Young Cambodians (15-30 Year Olds) Use Media and Information: Key Findings

BBC Media Action (2021), 6 pp.

"Social media is the most popular form of media, consumed by 87% of 15-30 year old Cambodians. Nevertheless, traditional mass media (television and radio) remain important, particularly for more vulnerable groups. For example, TV usage is higher amongst women, those from rural locations, and those f ... more

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Refuge and Risk: Life Online for Vulnerable Young People

Adrienne Katz, Aiman El Asam

London: Youthworks; Internet Matters (2021), 38 pp.

"Young people’s behaviour online is influenced less by rules about online safety than about how they feel. It is influenced by emotional needs, pre-existing vulnerabilities and the support around them. Implications for professionals 1. These messages from young people can help those working in ser ... more

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Youth and Independent Media in Tunisia: Focus Group Findings

Metn (LB): Samir Kassir Foundation (2021), 6 pp.

"1. Participants used a mix of social media platforms and TV/radio to acquire news. Word of mouth was also a noteworthy source of information. Many participants expressed a distaste for comment sections. It was generally agreed that information found on social media should not be taken as truth. 2. ... more

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Who influences Ukrainian youth on social media?

Washington, DC: IREX (2020), 6 pp.

"Top influencers are Ulana Suprun, Yanina Sokolova, and Serhiy Prytula. Most influential nonprofit organizations are the educational platforms Osvita.ua and Promotheus. Individual personalities are more influential than organizations. National platforms are more influential than regional platforms. ... more

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The relationship between social media addiction and depression: A quantitative study among university students in Khost, Afghanistan

Rahmatullah Haand, Zhao Shuwang

International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, volume 22, issue 1 (2020), pp. 780–786

"This study examined the relationship between social media addiction and depression among students of the universities in Khost province of Afghanistan. Stratified random sampling was used and a 46-items self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 384 students of three universities Shaikh Zay ... more

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International Data on Youth and Media 2020

Heike vom Orde, Alexandra Durner (comps.)

Munich: International Central Institute for Youth and Educational Television (IZI) (2020), 109 pp.

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Media and Information Literacy Index. Country Report Kenya

Dennis Reineck, Georg Materna, Luise Krumm

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2020), 27 pp.

"The young generation in Kenya rejects disinformative and hateful communication. When asked for their opinion on these matters in a representative survey, a majority of 15-25-year-olds evaluated them as “not to be trusted” and “not funny”. This is one of the most important results of DW Akad ... more

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The Role of Social Media in Mali and its Relation to Violent Extremism: A Youth Perspective

Elise Vermeersch, Julie Coleman, Méryl Demuynck, Elena Dal Santo

United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI); International Centre for Counter-Terrorism (ICCT) (2020), 14 pp.

"Data, including information collected by the MERIT project, demonstrates that social media and social messaging are powerful tools in Mali, and have the potential to both positively and negatively impact society, particularly in relation to violent extremism. Malian youth use social media and messa ... more

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Prosumidores y comunicación en la era digital

Gustavo Hernández Díaz, Johanna Pérez Daza (eds.)

Caracas: Universidad Católica Andrés Bello (UCAB) (2020), 107 pp.

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Creating Change Through Digital Communities: How RNW Media's Digital Platforms Impact Young People's Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviour

Hilversum: RNW Media (2020), 34 pp.

"The Theories of Change for both Citizens’ Voice [a programme focusing on social cohesion and inclusive governance] and the SRHR programme (which includes Love Matters [delivering information and media on love, sex and relationships to 18-30-year-olds]) contain a key assumption that through provid ... more

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Redes sociales y ciudadanía: Hacia un mundo ciberconectado y empoderado
Deep Insights

Ignacio Aguaded, Arantxa Vizcaíno-Verdú (eds.)

Huelva: Grupo Comunicar Ediciones; Alfamed (2020), 847 pp.

"Esta es una obra miscelánea que se adentra, desde múltiples perspectivas, en las interacciones entre educación y comunicación por medio de la influencia global de las redes sociales. En un contexto hiperconectado, pero no necesariamente ‘empoderado,’ resulta esencial la formación en compet ... more

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The Narrative Subject: Storytelling in the Age of the Internet

Christina Schachtner

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2020), xv, 269 pp.

"This open access book considers the stories of adolescents and young adults from different regions of the world who use digital media as instruments and stages for storytelling, or who make themselves the subject of storytelling. These narratives discuss interconnectedness, self-staging, and managi ... more

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Media and Information Literacy Index. Country Report Namibia

Dennis Reineck

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2020), 25 pp.

"Young Namibians are embracing the digital transformation, according to indicative findings from the present MIL INDEX country study. Interestingly, the youths that took part in eight focus groups conducted at the end of 2018 in Windhoek and Rundu are immersed in digital communication but are aware ... of the ambivalent nature of the news and information sources they find on social media and related Internet services. The importance of a critical mindset when navigating the World Wide Web was stressed by the eight experts interviewed as part of the study. This MIL INDEX study addresses five dimensions of Media and Information Literacy (MIL) according to DW Akademie’s MIL model: access, analysis, reflection, creation, and action. The focus groups conducted for this study reveal that there is a rural/urban divide in terms of access and use of media. The more rural (and older) groups use radio and television on a regular basis, while the more urban (and younger) groups tend to regard traditional media as yesterday’s media. This shift is in line with the rise of social media. Information uptake is coincidental and journalistic content is intermingled with all sorts of trivia when consumed in social networks. Smartphones are regarded by many as a substitute for newspapers, radio, and television. Amongst those who continue using traditional media, radio is turned to more often for information while TV is regarded more as an entertainment medium. Considering analytical skills, there is a certain disenchantment of the Namibian youths with journalistic media, the reporting being considered not close enough to the interests and issues of the youth. But it was interesting to find that the focus group participants’ appraisal of media in terms of trustworthiness is the exact opposite of their consumption patterns. While the discussions documented frequent use of social media these are evaluated as least trustworthy, whereas newspapers are rated highly on the trustworthiness scale but were hardly ever read. There is an awareness of the ambivalent quality of news and information on social media, but the youths cannot always name sources they consider produce high-quality information. The results in the reflection dimension are ambivalent. The youths can recount numerous cases of cyberbullying and disinformation (“fake news”). But the accompanying survey shows that while they reject hate speech and disinformation, there is a certain willingness to accept cyberbullying as given. This is echoed in the focus groups where participants’ advice is often to ignore hateful messages, rather than do something about them. However, the groups do discuss many other strategies in coming to terms with and combatting cyberbullying and disinformation. Rarely do they reflect the motivations that lie behind such behavior. It was also interesting to note that disinformation is mainly discussed with regards to online rather than traditional media." (Executive summary) more

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Media Consumption Report: Platforms and Tools for Reaching and Engaging Urban and Rural Youth

Washington, DC: USAID Cambodia Green Future Activity (2020), iii, 22 pp.

"This report provides an overview of media consumption from the perspectives of selected media practitioners in Cambodia and highlights some of the key communication tools, products, materials, and platforms they have used to reach their respective target audiences. This report maps trends across bo ... th traditional and digital media platforms. It describes how Cambodian media practitioners use different media platforms to reach and inform their target audiences. It also looks at how different media platforms, tools, and ideas can be used to engage Cambodian citizens, especially youth, on environment-related topics. The aim is to encourage active involvement in environmental issues. The findings reveal that digital platforms, especially Facebook, have become increasingly popular in recent years. According to the Media Mapping Report, in 2019, key digital media usage was as follows: 87 percent of Cambodians own a mobile phone; 12.5 million were active Internet users (out of a population of 16.4 M); 8.4 million were active social media users; 8.3 million were active Facebook users. Video is the top communication tool that the organizations used to reach specific audiences through storytelling and social media. The findings indicate that targeted media campaigns are the most effective communication and outreach initiatives, followed by celebration of special events, in which video is an effective tool. These campaigns and videos are delivered using Facebook, which is the top social media platform used to reach specific audiences, followed by YouTube and Instagram. The report found that news programs still attract large audiences on TV and radio. Hang Meas is the toprated TV station, followed by PNN and CTN, while ABC ranges among the top programs, followed by RFI/WMC and Vayo respectively. Based on this media mapping exercise, the team found that the USAID Cambodia Green Future Activity should employ an inclusive approach that involves target audiences – whether youth or the broader public – in all phases including design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation to ensure that the project reaches its objectives and goal. Development partners should explore multi-stakeholder strategies to implement project or campaign activities by using multi-platform approaches, such as using a mix of social and traditional channels to optimize reach and impact." (Executive summary) more

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Wie ticken Jugendliche? 2020: Lebenswelten von Jugendlichen im Alter von 14 bis 17 Jahren in Deutschland

Marc Calmbach, Berthold Bodo Flaig, James Edwards, Heide Möller-Slawinski, Inga Borchard, Christoph Schleer

Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb) (2020), 623 pp.

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Media and Information Literacy Index. Country Report Uganda

Dennis Reineck, Luise Krumm

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2020), 25 pp.

"Young Ugandans are reluctant to voice their concerns and take part in public discussions according to indicative findings from the MIL INDEX country study presented here. The eight focus groups conducted for the study in Kampala and Bugembe early in 2019 revealed that youths are using both traditio ... nal and social media extensively, but discussions of political and public issues take place mainly in closed circles on platforms like WhatsApp. “It is a suffocated environment,” says media expert Gerald Businge. This MIL INDEX study is aimed at obtaining a concise picture of media- and information-related skills amongst youths under the age of 35 in Uganda. It addresses five dimensions of Media and Information Literacy (MIL) based on DW Akademie’s MIL model: access, analysis, reflection, creation, and action. The focus group participants see themselves living in the “the dot-com era” though access to the Internet and even television is far from universal in Uganda. The smartphone is the most popular device and it serves as a benchmark when judging more traditional media (radio, television, and newspapers). Social media are used alongside traditional media, but there is a feeling that traditional media, especially radio, are losing touch with the Ugandan youth of today. There is a general neglect of printed media, based on an aversion to long reads and often also difficulties in understanding them. Some participants feel they are addicted to social media and online messengers. When it comes to analytical skills, the Ugandan youths in the focus groups are not very critical of the media environment they live in despite the overwhelming evidence that state control, intimidation, and media concentration are problems in Uganda. But they do pick up on news bias and sensationalism. They are also aware of the fact that online sources and social media information should not be trusted blindly. Participants can differentiate between quality and tabloid-type media, but an alarming proportion does not know their constitutional right to freedom of expression. The level of reflection on the part of focus group participants is medium to low. They can render many cases of cyberbullying/hate speech, disinformation and cybercrime, though they are not always aware of the difference. Especially the examples of cyber-harassment that are recounted in the focus groups reveal that female youths are primarily targeted. At the same time there seems to be little in the way of counselling for victims and there was not enough reflection of the background to such malevolent forms of communication. Strategies in coping with them are not very elaborate, though some groups did mention methods of verification in the context of disinformation several times. There is considerable potential for support when it comes to dealing with cyberbullying, cyber-harassment, hate speech and cybercrime." (Executive summary) more

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Social Media and Youth Wellbeing: What We Know and Where We Could Go

Mizuko Ito, Candice Odgers, Stephen Schueller

Irvine, CA: Connected Learning Alliance (2020), 32 pp.

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Media and Information Literacy Index. Country Report Ghana

Dennis Reineck, Luise Krumm

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2020), 27 pp.

"Ghana’s youth is embracing digital. According to the representative survey conducted for DW Akademie’s MIL INDEX study, three quarters of 15-25-year-olds own a smartphone. Over 70 % report going online with a mobile phone as well as using Facebook and WhatsApp on a weekly basis. Use of several ... more

Redes sociales y ciudadanía: Hacia un mundo ciberconectado y empoderado Deep Insights

Redes sociales y ciudadanía: Hacia un mundo ciberconectado y empoderado
Deep Insights