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Nachrichten, Fake News und Wahlen

Uli Gleich

Media Perspektiven, issue 5 (2025), 10 pp.

"Voraussetzung dafür, dass (politische) Fake News Wirkung entfalten, sind gewisse Vulnerabilitätsfaktoren auf Seiten der Userinnen und User. Laut den Studien von Daunt und anderen (2023) sowie von Gupta und anderen (2023) gehören dazu zum Beispiel der Glaube an Verschwörungserzählungen, Patriot ... ismus, Konservatismus und die Tendenz zu kollektivistischen Ideen von Gesellschaft. Die Analysen von Schnaudt (2024) zeigen, dass Verschwörungserzählungen nicht nur in den USA, sondern auch in den europäischen Ländern eine Herausforderung für demokratische Prozesse (z. B. Wahlen) darstellen, wenn Menschen die falschen Informationen für glaubwürdig halten. Auch Mauk und Grömping (2024) fanden in ihrer Studie heraus, dass Autoritarismus und Verschwörungsmentalität, also die Neigung, sich die Welt über Verschwörungstheorien zu erklären, das Vertrauen in Wahlen mindern, weil Informationen motiviert, das heißt in Richtung einer bestehenden Voreinstellung, verarbeitet werden. Fake News können diese motivierte Verarbeitung unterstützen und damit einen destabilisierenden Effekt erzeugen. Laut Stachofsky, Schaupp und Crossler (2023) besteht gerade bei Wählergruppen, die ihre Informationen aus Quellen beziehen, die häufig (politische) Fake News verbreiten, eine besondere Anfälligkeit, die Integrität von Wahlen in Zweifel zu ziehen. Besonders interessant ist in diesem Zusammenhang die Erkenntnis, dass die Herausforderung durch Falschinformationen und Verschwörungserzählungen ironischerweise gerade in denjenigen Ländern hoch ausgeprägt ist, in denen die Rahmenbedingungen für demokratische und unbeeinflusste Wahlen objektiv am günstigsten sind (vgl. auch die Studie von Vliegenthart und anderen, 2024). Und selbst wenn keine tatsächlichen Erkenntnisse über Anomalien bei der Durchführung von Wahlen vorliegen, können Informationen über die Wahrscheinlichkeit von Unregelmäßigkeiten die oben erwähnte motivierte Informationsverarbeitung in Gang setzten und das Vertrauen in die Integrität von Wahlen bedrohen (vgl. die Studie von Kuk, Lee und Rhee (2024)). Studien, die den direkten Einfluss von Fake News auf Wahlentscheidungen untersuchen, sind methodisch schwierig und selten zu finden. Iida und andere (2024) konnten nur geringe Effekte feststellen und betonen, dass eine entsprechende Wirkung eher bei Personen entsteht, die keine ausgeprägten politischen Überzeugungen haben und/oder politisch weniger gut informiert sind. Auch Cantarella, Fraccaroli und Volpe (2023) konnten nur kleine Effekte ermitteln, die jedoch signifikant zum Wahlergebnis zugunsten populistischer Parteien in Italien beigetragen haben." (Zusammenfassung, Seiten 1-2) more

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“We don’t believe in [the] Coronavirus; we believe in Allah. Whatever happens, it happens from Allah”: Pakistani media’s response to countering conspiracy theories during the COVID-19 pandemic

Madeeha Naz, Amir Hamza Marwan

Newspaper Research Journal (2024), [no pag.]

"This study examines the coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic by the four leading newspapers of Pakistan—Dawn, The News, Daily Times and The Nation—when they were responsible for informing and educating the public during a health crisis hit by conspiracy theories. The researchers utilized content a ... more

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Georgian Election Observatory (#GEObservatory24): Debunking pre-election propaganda narratives

Andreas Önnerfors et al.

University of Georgia;Fojo Media Institute (2024), 69 pp.

"The “Georgian Elections Observatory (#GEObservatory24)” was a short-term initiative aimed at fact-checking pre-election narratives leading up to the parliamentary elections on October 26, 2024, together with a few immediate post-election analyses. Unlike traditional fact-checking platforms, thi ... more

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Antisemitismus in den Sozialen Medien
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Monika Hübscher, Sabine von Mering (eds.)

Opladen et al.: Verlag Barbara Budrich (2024), 329 pp.

"Soziale Medien haben die Verbreitung von Antisemitismus revolutioniert. Algorithmisch verstärkt verbreitet sich Antisemitismus auf den Plattformen in Sekundenschnelle, kostenlos und global. Die daraus resultierende Gefahr für Jüdinnen*Juden ist eine große gesellschaftliche Herausforderung. Das ... more

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Falsehoods Fly: Why Misinformation Spreads and How to Stop it

Paul Thagard

New York: Columbia University Press (2024), xii, 357 pp.

"Misinformation is one of the twenty-first century’s greatest challenges, a peril to democracy, peace, science, and public health. Yet we lack a clear understanding of what makes misinformation so potent and why it can spread so rapidly. In Falsehoods Fly, a leading cognitive scientist and philoso ... more

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opulism, conspiracy narratives and governmentality in Duterte’s Philippines

Fernan Talamayan

International Journal of Media & Cultural Politics,, volume 20, issue 2 (2024), pp. 153-172

"This article examines the semantics of populist rhetoric and conspiracy narratives in the Philippines to understand how they can be operationalized for governmental purposes. Focusing on Rodrigo Duterte’s presidency (2016–22), I argue that conspiracy narratives simplify socio-economic issues an ... more

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Conspiracy beliefs and negative attitudes towards outgroups in times of crises: Experimental evidence from Germany

Rebecca Endtricht, Eylem Kanol

Plos One, volume 19, issue 11 e0312418 (2024), 20 pp.

"While research on the determinants of conspiracy beliefs has been growing, there is still limited attention given to the broader consequences of conspiracy theories. This study examines the effects of conspiratorial framing on outgroup evaluations in the context of societal crises. Using an experim ... more

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Religión y pandemia: Rumores y narrativas conspiracionistas en Facebook

Margarita Zires Roldan, Margarita Reyna Ruiz

Ciências Sociais e Religião (Campinas), volume 26, issue e024006 (2024), 32 pp.

"Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma investigação sobre os rumores e as narrativas conspiratórias que circularam em 2020 sobre a pandemia em duas páginas do Facebook pertencentes a dois grupos religiosos: um evangélico e outro católico. Nos afastamos da visão que desqualifica os rumore ... more

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Understanding climate change conspiracy beliefs: A comparative outlook

Daniel Stockemer, Jean-Nicolas Bordeleau

Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, volume 5, issue 6 (2024), 12 pp.

"Are climate change conspiracy theories widespread across the world, or do we find climate change conspiracy beliefs more so in some countries than in others? This research note explores the prevalence of conspiracy beliefs that identify climate change as a hoax across eight geographically and cultu ... more

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The Role of Bots in Spreading Conspiracies: Case Study of Discourse About Earthquakes on Twitter

Dmitry Erokhin, Nadejda Komendantova

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, volume 92, issue 103740 (2023), 11 pp.

"In this paper, we identified seven most widely spread conspiracy discourses about earthquakes. These conspiracy discourses link earthquakes to military activities like secret nuclear bomb testing, God’s Providence like the punishment of humans for their sins, space activities like aliens visiting ... more

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Distribution and Reception of Conspiracy Theories and Mobilization Calls on Telegram: Combining Evidence from a Content Analysis and Survey During the Pandemic

Leyla Dogruel, Simon Kruschinski, Pablo Jost, Pascal Jürgens

Medien & Kommunikationswissenschaft, volume 71, issue 3-4 (2023), pp. 230-247

"Despite increased academic attention’s focus on conspiracy theories on Telegram, existing research has two major limitations: (1) a lack of combined examination of the distribution and reception of conspiracy theories, and (2) insufficient understanding of the relationship between the reception o ... more

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Promoting Conspiracy Theory: From AIDS to COVID-19
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Nocili Nattrass

Global Public Health, volume 18, issue 1 (2023), 13 pp.

"Public health advocates in the US and South Africa emphasise that many of the vaccine hesitant are not hardened conspiracy theorists, may have reasonable fears about side-effects and are potentially open to persuasion, especially if their concerns are taken seriously by interlocuters they trust. Bu ... more

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Covid Conspiracy Theories in Global Perspective

Michael Butter, Peter Knight (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2023), xvi, 397 pp.

"Covid Conspiracy Theories in Global Perspective examines how conspiracy theories and related forms of misinformation and disinformation about the Covid-19 pandemic have circulated widely around the world. Covid conspiracy theories have attracted considerable attention from researchers, journalists, ... more

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Verschwörungsmentalität in Krisenzeiten

Georgi Dragolov, Klaus Boehnke, Kai Unzicker

Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung (2023), 15 pp.

"Die Affinität zu Verschwörungsnarrativen lässt sich nur bedingt aufgrund von sozialstrukturellen und lebensweltlichen Kontextbedingungen vorhersagen. Auch die Coronapandemie hat diese Mentalitäten nicht hervorgebracht, sie waren, wie die Untersuchungen aus den früheren Jahren zeigen – bereit ... more

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Clones and zombies: Rethinking conspiracy theories and the digital public sphere through a (post)-colonial perspective

Iginio Gagliardone, Matti Pohjonen, Samuel Olaniram Stephanie Diepeveen

Information, Communication & Society, volume 26, issue 12 (2023), pp. 2419-2438

"This article investigates what is at stake in decolonising the study of conspiracy theories online. It challenges the confidence with which conspiracy theories are often dismissed as aberrations and negative externalities of digital ecosystems. Without reifying conspiracy theories, we identify as p ... more

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De-platforming disinformation: Conspiracy theories and their control

H. Innes, M. Innes

Information, Communication & Society, volume 26, issue 6 (2023), pp. 1262-1280

"Informed by two case studies of de-platforming interventions performed by Facebook against two high profile conspiracy theorists who had been messaging about Covid-19, this article investigates how de-platforming functions as an instrument of social control, illuminating the intended and unintended ... more

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The last Twitter census: Examining baseline metrics for Twitter users during a period of dramatic change

J. M. Berger

VOX-Pol Network of Excellence (2023), 77 pp.

"This report compares two large random samples of Twitter accounts that tweet in English: one taken just before Elon Musk acquired Twitter in October 2022, and one taken three months later, in January 2023. It also examines several related datasets collected during the period following the acquisiti ... more

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Conspiracy theories in the time of COVID-19

Clare Birchall, Peter Knight

London; New York: Routledge (2023), x, 237 pp.

"Conspiracy Theories in the Time of Covid-19 provides a wide-ranging analysis of the emergence and development of conspiracy theories during the Covid-19 pandemic, with a focus on the US and the UK. The book combines digital methods analysis of large datasets assembled from social media with politic ... more

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The Far-Right Smokescreen: Environmental Conspiracy and Culture Wars on Brazilian YouTube

Débora Salles, Priscila Muniz de Medeiros, Rose Marie Santini, Carlos Eduardo Barros

Social Media + Society, volume 9, issue 3 (2023), 22 pp.

"Holding the greatest area of rainforest in the world, Brazil has seen the adoption of a far-right anti-environmental agenda under the administration of Jair Bolsonaro. This agenda was backed by a transnational infrastructure of right-wing media outlets on online platforms, including the conservativ ... more

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Aufgeheizt: Verschwörungserzählungen rund um die Klimakrise

Tobias Meilicke, Cornelius Strobel (eds.)

Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb) (2023), 169 pp.

"Dürren, Waldbrände, Überschwemmungen – die Klimakrise ist in vollem Gange. Trotz der vollkommenen Offensichtlichkeit dieser existenziellen Bedrohung blühen die Mythen rund um das Thema: Die Daten würden gefälscht, die Bevölkerung hinters Licht geführt, alle Maßnahmen gegen die Klimakrise ... more

Antisemitismus in den Sozialen Medien Top Insights

Promoting Conspiracy Theory: From AIDS to COVID-19 Top Insights

Antisemitismus in den Sozialen Medien
Top Insights

Promoting Conspiracy Theory: From AIDS to COVID-19
Top Insights