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Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Monitoring Media Pluralism in Europe: Testing and Implementation of the Media Pluralism Monitor 2015
European University Institute, Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies (2016), 75 pp.
"The Media Pluralism Monitor (MPM) is a tool for assessing the risks for media pluralism in a given country. The Monitor aims to help policymakers, researchers, and civil society to understand the threat to media pluralism in different media systems through research, analysis and the provision of co
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Solidarity and Survival: The Story of South Asia. Sri Lanka Country Report
International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) (2022), 7 pp.
"This document was produced by the IFJ and focuses on the following issues that the media faces in Sri Lanka: The severe economic crisis in the country poses yet another challenge to a media barely recovering from the Covid-19 pandemic; existing issues in the media industry such as poor wages and wo
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Monitoring Media Pluralism in the Digital Era: Application of the Media Pluralism Monitor in the European Union, Albania, Montenegro, Republic of North Macedonia, Serbia & Turkey in the Year 2020
European University Institute;Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom (CMPF) (2021), 167 pp.
"[...] The MPM2021 covers, on this occasion, 32 countries, 27 EU and 5 non-EU (Candidate countries) [...] The results of the MPM2021 show an increase in the risk level for all the areas that the Media Pluralism Monitor analyses: Fundamental protection, Market Plurality, Political Independence and So
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Monitoring Media Pluralism in the Digital Era: Application of the Media Pluralism Monitor in the European Union, Albania and Turkey in the Years 2018-2019
Top Insights
European University Institute;Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom (CMPF) (2020), 92 pp.
"The findings show a general stagnation or deterioration of media pluralism and media freedom in the four major areas encompassed by the Media Pluralism Monitor (MPM): Basic protection, Market plurality, Political independence and Social inclusiveness. The study comprises the European Union Member S
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Censorship, the Media, and the Market in China
Journal of Chinese Political Science, volume 25 (2020), pp. 285–309
"Pervasive media censorship in China is often seen as a strictly political issue. Although in past years reporters have had leeway to report on economic issues, the Chinese Party/state has moved to tamp down economic journalism, even arresting those who report on bad economic news. This shift brings
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Turkey's Changing Media Landscape
Washington, DC: Center for American Progress (2020), 24 pp.
"This report highlights numerous troubling developments in Turkey’s media landscape. Distrust in the media has reached crisis proportions, with fully 70 percent of Turks viewing the media as dishonest. These doubts have formed the backdrop for rapid shifts in how Turks access political news and in
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Media Ownership Monitor Egypt
Reporters Without Borders (2019), 687 pp.
"A hostile takeover of Egypt’s media is under way, leaving the influence on public opinion to be controlled by the state, the secret services and a few wealthy owners loyal to the regime and with close ties to the former president Hosni Mubarak. In a move to gain influence over the State-owned med
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Government Communication Capacity and Media Freedom
Burmingham: University of Birmingham (2019), 12 pp.
"This rapid literature review will focus on the influence of government communication on the government-media relationship. It does not encompass other avenues through which government is able to affect the media environment such as legislation, public policy and political culture. The role of the p
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Monitoring Media Pluralism in Europe: Application of the Media Pluralism Monitor 2017 in the European Union, FYROM, Serbia & Turkey. 2018 Policy Report
European University Institute, Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies;Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom (CMPF) (2018), 86 pp.
"2017 was marred by the assassination, in Malta, of the investigative journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia, an event which represented the darkest hour for media freedom and media pluralism in the European Union since the 2015 Charlie Hebdo massacre in France. This crime has profoundly shaken Europe an
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The Business Environment for News Media in Myanmar: 2018
Newsgain;Internews (2018), 27 pp.
"Until the state and its aligned media operate in a fair and competitive media market, there will be little space for independent news media to survive, much less make the investments needed to innovate and survive in this raucous, frontier environment. Myanmar has a much smaller overall advertising
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Media Freedom Trends 2017: Russia
European Parliament, Members' Research Service (2017), 2 pp.
"In Russia, the state controls strategic media (such as national TV), and restricts independent media and the internet through increasingly repressive legislation. However, there is still some scope for media pluralism, with a few outlets openly criticising the authorities." (Page 1)
Monitoring Media Pluralism in Europe: Application of the Media Pluralism Monitor 2016 in the European Union, Montenegro and Turkey
Top Insights
European University Institute;Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom (CMPF) (2017), 92 pp.
"The Monitor assesses the risks to media pluralism based on a set of twenty indicators covering a broad notion of media pluralism that encompasses political, cultural, geographical, structural and content related dimensions. All types of media are covered: public service, commercial, community media
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State Interference, Para-Politics and Editorial Control: The Political Economy of ‘Mirrorgate’ in Zimbabwe
Journal of African Media Studies, volume 8, issue 1 (2016), pp. 17-34
"This article explores the events leading to the closure of the Zimbabwe Mirror Newspapers Group (ZMNG) in 2007. It narrates how the state in Zimbabwe, through its intelligence arm, the Central Intelligence Organisation (CIO), covertly took over the privately owned newspaper stable, publishers of th
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Curbing Media, Crippling Debate: Soft Censorship in Bulgaria
Paris; Vienna: World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers (WAN-IFRA);South East Europe Media Organisation (SEEMO) (2016), 27 pp.
"The independence and pluralism of Bulgaria’s media has eroded steadily over the past decade. The downward spiral in media freedom that threatens to drown public debate on important policy issues is unrestrained since 2006, when the country was ranked 35th on the Reporters Without Borders Index. N
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Auf Linie gebracht: Polens öffentlich-rechtlicher Rundfunk unter PiS-Kuratel
Osteuropa, volume 66, issue 1-2 (2016), pp. 153-159
"Die Partei Recht und Gerechtigkeit (PiS) änderte nach ihrem Sieg bei den polnischen Parlamentswahlen im Herbst 2015 innerhalb weniger Wochen das Mediengesetz und besetzte die Spitzenpositionen im öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunk neu. Neues Personal gibt es auch bei den Nachrichtensendungen, die be
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Media Ownership Monitor Turkey
Reporters Without Borders (2016)
"While the Turkish media market looks diverse from the outside because of the large numbers of outlets, it is increasingly concentrated in terms of opinion. The Media Ownership Monitor Turkey, carried out with IPS Communication Foundation/ bianet between July and October 2016, shows that the governm
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Polarisiert, politisiert und vielfältig: Polens Medien 27 Jahre nach dem Systemwechsel
Osteuropa, volume 66, issue 1-2 (2016), pp. 131-148
"Polens regierende Partei hat Ende 2015 im Eilverfahren den Rundfunkrat entmachtet. Anschließend begann die PiS, wichtige Posten im öffentlichen Rundfunk neu zu besetzen. Kritiker in Polen und anderen EU-Staaten sprechen vom „Ende eines unabhängigen öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunks in Polen“
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Venezuela bajo la revolución bolivariana: Medios de comunicación y libertad de expresión
Buenos Aires: Fundación Cadal (2016), 155 pp.
The Politics of Media Development: The Importance of Engaging Government and Civil Society
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2015), 16 pp.
"In the field of media development, the public sector is often viewed as a monolithic barrier to the development of independent and sustainable media. Although governments do frequently pervert and capture media sectors in countries around the globe, the enabling conditions under which media can ach
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Im Würgegriff: Russlands Medienlandschaft unter Druck
Osteuropa, volume 65, issue 3 (2015), pp. 141-149
"Unabhängige Medien befinden sich weltweit seit über einem Jahrzehnt in einer tiefen ökonomischen Krise. In Russland kommt massiver politischer Druck hinzu. In den vergangenen zehn Jahren wurden zahlreiche kritische Journalisten und Redakteure entlassen, Fernseh- und Radiosender geschlossen, Zeit
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