"Besonders in der philippinischen Provinz sehen sich kritische Journalisten immer wieder von Gewalt bedroht, die als Reaktion auf Berichte über Korruption, Drogenhandel, Glücksspiel etc. aufflammt. Bei der Studie lag der Fokus auf Radiojournalisten, welche die größte Opfergruppe in dem Land dars
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tellen. Die vorliegende Arbeit analysiert die mit den Repressalien zusammenhängenden Handlungsoptionen der Journalisten wie Selbstzensur, Bewaffnung oder Bestechlichkeit besonders in den ländlichen Provinzen der Philippinen. Die entwickelten Thesen und Forschungsergebnisse beschreiben die Ursachen und Nebenbedingungen der Gewalt und zeigen, dass der Journalismus auf den Philippinen unter großem Druck steht und die Medienfreiheit in dem formell demokratischen Land in vielen provinziellen Gebieten eingeschränkt ist." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"According to recent reports on violence committed against journalists, journalism is a dangerous, fear-inspiring job. In the wake of Daniel Pearl’s kidnapping and murder in January 2002 and the less-publicized but equally brutal killings of journalists in Bangladesh, the Philippines, the wars in
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Afghanistan and Iraq, and other locales around the world, the international community of foreign correspondents has become particularly concerned for its safety in zones of conflict. Yet, outside of war zones, and in U.S. newsrooms in particular, reporters and news photographers who cover domestic beats and work on general assignment are also being represented, through risks to their safety and mental health on the job, in ways that depict what John Durham Peters calls ‘the weighty baggage of witnessing’: the ontological and historical weight of paying witness to events that ‘makes explicit the pervasive link between witnessing and suffering’ and ‘what it means to watch, to narrate or to be present at an event’ (2001, pp. 708–9)." (Abstract)
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"This study examines the psychological health of contractors working in war zones. Seventy-nine contractors completed an Internet-based psychiatric assessment. The sample was exclusively male with a mean age of 43 (SD = 7) years. The number of contractors whose scores exceeded the cutoff points for
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depression, psychological distress, and excessive weekly alcohol consumption were 15 (20%), 21 (28%), and 13 (17%), respectively. A third of contractors had posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) scores in the moderate to severe range. Approximately 10% of contractors had employer-organized access to psychological help following deployment. This study provides the first empirical data showing that a significant minority of contractors working in war zones are psychologically distressed and not receiving therapy." (Abstract)
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"Über Kriege und Krisen so zu berichten, dass Leser, Hörer und Zuschauer sich ein angemessenes Bild von den komplizierten und häufig leidvollen Ereignissen machen können, erfordert besondere journalistische Qualifikationen. Die wichtigsten Voraussetzungen und Regeln eines qualitätsvollen Journa
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lismus werden in diesem Handbuch vorgestellt. Mehr als 70 erfahrene Journalisten und renommierte Wissenschaftler beschreiben praxisnah, verständlich und kompakt, was Redakteure und Reporter wissen müssen, um über Kriege und Krisen angemessen berichten zu können. Behandelt werden u. a. Vorbereitung und Ausrüstung, die besonderen Anforderungen an die Recherche in Konfliktregionen, sprachliche und ethische Aspekte, PR-Strategien und militärische Grundkenntnisse sowie die Folgen der Kriegs- und Krisenberichterstattung. Das Handbuch richtet sich an Reporter und Korrespondenten, die in Krisen- und Kriegsgebieten tätig sind, und bietet Hintergrundwissen für Auslands-, Politik- und Nachrichtenredakteure, die ebenfalls mit Kriegen und Krisen als Themen der Berichterstattung konfrontiert werden." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"Live News: A Survival Guide for Journalists, is carefully tailored to help journalists to prepare themselves mentally, physically and psychologically before engaging on an assignment that can be very dangerous. The guiding tips provided in the text help to prepare the journalists mentally before, h
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e/she moves into a hostile environment or an area that he/she is not familiar with. In trying to bring the news “home” so many journalists have been killed in the process. Some are deliberately targeted, while others are killed in what is now termed as “friendly fire”. A lot more die in accident related cases or at times fall seriously ill while on such mission or sustain serious injuries through natural causes. Live News: A Survival Guide for Journalists tries to minimise such occurrences by giving survival tips to journalists who might find themselves in critical conditions." (Preface)
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"A través de la Red de Alerta y Protección a Periodistas, RAP, la FLIP completa una década de monitoreo ininterrumpido y sistemático de todas las agresiones a la libertad de prensa en el país; también desarrolla actividades que contribuyen a la protección de los periodistas y de los medios de
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comunicación y promueve el derecho fundamental a la información.
La línea de protección de la FLIP cuenta con un apoyo invaluable y fundamental en la atención del periodista en riesgo: el soporte sicológica de Resiliencia: Centro de Investigación y Apoyo Emocional al Periodista de la Escuela de Comunicación Social y Periodismo de la Universidad Sergio Arboleda. Desde 2003, el proyecto Resiliencia se dedicada a dar apoyo emocional al periodista que por la naturaleza de su trabajo se ve expuesto constantemente al dolor o es víctima de experiencias traumáticas. Cuando accede al programa, el periodista recibe de manera gratuita atención terapéutica personalizada. Resiliencia también desarrolla investigaciones sobre la salud mental del periodista colombiano.
Con este manual para el apoyo emocional del periodista ofrecemos herramientas prácticas y útiles para que el periodista pueda afrontar episodios traumáticos en el ejercicio de su labor. de la misma manera, pretendemos dar respuestas a algunos de los interrogantes emocionales generados en el desarrollo de esta difícil profesión." (Presentación, página 9)
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"This paper investigates occupational stressors amongst media personnel assigned to work on covering the Iraq War via interviews with 54 journalists from the BBC and Reuters, who worked in Iraq between February and April 2003. A range of stressors were identified that could be categorized into three
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main themes, control over the situation, support from management and grief from the death of colleagues. Journalists not embedded with military units were more likely to report negative physical and emotional health outcomes. The study concludes that hazardous work environments do not, by themselves, cause stress and poor job satisfaction. Rather, organizational factors, the imbalance between the ability to make decisions about how to carry out their job effectively and the perceived rewards of working in such environments appear to have a greater impact on work related stress." (Abstract)
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"Journalists frequently report on disasters. There is a growing evidence that they are subsequently at higher risk of post-traumatic and depressive symptoms. We conducted an internet-based study with 61 journalists who had covered the tsunami disaster in December 2004 from the affected region. The e
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xtent of trauma exposure, symptoms and social variables were assessed. About 8 months after the event, indications of post-traumatic stress disorder were found in 6.6 per cent of the sample. Post-traumatic and depressive symptoms were related to the extent of traumatic exposure and to several social variables, most importantly, a low degree of social acknowledgment by supervisor and colleagues." (Abstract)
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"When children are victims of violence, journalists have a responsibility to report the truth with compassion and sensitivity. Kids aren’t mini-adults; they deserve special consideration when they end up in the news. Yet few journalists have experience interviewing children for routine stories, le
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t alone when tragedy hits. What ground rules apply? Is it OK to interview children huddled outside a school after a classmate has gunned down a teacher? At the hospital after a car accident? Should you name child abuse victims in news coverage? Juveniles who commit crimes? How do you balance children’s right to privacy with telling compelling stories? Exposure to violence affects children and adults differently. But kids are just as vulnerable to post-traumatic stress and other emotional consequences of violence and tragedy. Journalists can write stories that help educate parents about how to recognize emotional trauma in their children. They can foster community healing by interviewing families putting their lives back together after a disaster. Editors can weigh the impact of graphic visual images on young readers when deciding what to publish or broadcast." (Page 2)
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"As journalists in Iraq and other hot spots around the world continue to face harrowing dangers and personal threats, neuropsychiatrist Anthony Feinstein offers a timely and important exploration into the psychological damage of those who, armed only with pen, tape recorder, or camera, bear witness
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to horror. Based on a series of recent studies investigating the emotional impact of war on the profession, Journalists under Fire breaks new ground in the study of trauma-related disorders." (Abstract)
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"Now in its second edition, Covering Violence remains a crucial guide for becoming a sensitive and responsible reporter. Discussing such topics as rape and the ethics of interviewing children, the book gives students and journalists a detailed understanding of what is happening "on the scene" of a v
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iolent event, including where a reporter can go safely and legally, how to obtain the most useful information, and how best to interview and photograph victims and witnesses. This second edition takes our turbulent postmillennium history into account and emphasizes the consequences of frequent exposure to traumatic events. It offers new chapters on 9/11 and terrorism, the Columbine school shootings, and the photographing of violent events, as well as additional profiles of Vietnamese American, Native American, and African American journalists." (Publisher description)
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"La FIJ mène depuis de nombreuses années une campagne pour le renforcement de la sécurité et pour la défense des journalistes autochtones et des freelances, car ce sont eux qui sont exposés aux risques les plus importants et qui bénéficient du moins de protection. Les choses commencent à bo
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uger avec la création de l'International News Safety Institute (voir pages 103-105). Le présent ouvrage s'inscrit dans ce processus. Il collecte les expériences de ceux qui ont couvert et filmé les événements dans des environnements hostiles et tente d'en tirer les leçons afin de sauver des vies. Mais la sécurité, ce n'est pas seulement éviter les balles. C'est aussi créer une culture de conscientisation des risques sous tous les aspects du journalisme, qu'il soit de guerre, d'investigation ou de rue. Nous avons voulu mettre en exergue les besoins des journalistes locaux, mais une grande partie des informations disponibles provient de correspondants internationaux et des cours de formation conçus pour les géants des médias électroniques. La FIJ utilisera le présent ouvrage pour diffuser le message de la sécurité, mais aidera également ses bureaux régionaux à la production de versions locales. La richesse du savoir et de l'expérience des journalistes qui vivent et travaillent sur la ligne de front et qui ont appris survivre tout en faisant leur travail est incommensurable." (Préface, page iv)
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"The current war in Iraq saw an alliance between the media and the military, a process called embedded journalism. The aim of this study was to explore whether this process affected the journalists' vulnerability to psychological distress. Eighty-five of 100 journalists approached agreed to particip
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ate; 38 (44.7%) were embedded. There were no differences between embedded and unilateral (nonembedded) journalists on demographic measures or in their exposure to traumatic events. Similarly, the two groups did not differ on indices of posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, psychological distress, and substance use. Based on General Health Questionnaire scores, one third of all journalists were psychologically distressed. There is no evidence from the recent war in Iraq suggesting that embedded journalists are at increased risk for psychological problems." (Abstract)
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"The IFJ has campaigned for many years for greater safety and for a focus on the in-country journalists and freelances who are at greatest risk and who have the least protection. With the creation of the International News Safety Institute (see pages 103-105), that is beginning to happen. This book
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is part of the process. It takes the experience of those who have reported from and filmed in hostile zones and tries to draw lessons to save lives. But safety is not just an issue when bullets start flying. It is also about creating a culture of risk awareness in all aspects of journalism —whether in war zones, investigative reporting or reporting events from the streets. We have attempted to spotlight the needs of local journalists, but much of the available information comes from international correspondents, and from training courses set up for the giants of the electronic media. The IFJ will use this book to spread the message of safety, but we will also help our regional offices to produce local versions to draw out local experience. There is a wealth of knowledge and experience amongst journalists who live and work on the front line of conflict and who have learned to survive while continuing to do their jobs. Those lessons and that knowledge need to be pooled and the courage and tenacity of those journalists needs to be honoured. This is a small step in that direction, and we dedicate this book to these true heroes of our profession." (Preface by Aidan White)
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"Journalists face unusual challenges when covering violent or mass tragedies. They face the possibility of being a first responder to a violent event. They interact with victims dealing with extraordinary grief. Journalists who cover any “blood-and-guts” beat often build a needed and appropriate
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professional wall between themselves and the survivors and other witnesses they interview. But after reporters talk with people who have suffered great loss, the same wall may impede the need of journalists to react to their own exposure to tragedy. Al Tompkins of the Poynter Institute for Media Studies wrote the following for Poynter.org on Sept. 15, 2001: “Reporters, photojournalists, engineers, soundmen and field producers often work elbow to elbow with emergency workers. Journalists’ symptoms of traumatic stress are remarkably similar to those of police officers and firefighters who work in the immediate aftermath of tragedy, yet journalists typically receive little support after they file their stories. While public-safety workers are offered debriefings and counseling after a trauma, journalists are merely assigned another story.” In the future, we know that we’ll face more tragedies — more dates that will leave lasting memories for victims, communities and ourselves. The practical tips in this booklet can help you become more effective in handling these vital areas." (Page 3)
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"The September 11 attack on the twin towers and the subsequent anthrax incidents have created a growing debate and subsequent concern with what is now termed urban war corresponding. A realization is emerging that those correspondents who covered September 11 (who may not be war correspondents) may
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also need help and training in order to deal with possible post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)." (Abstract)
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"Not long after the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, a memo from the American Press Institute went out to US news editors and reporters, advising them on the “correct” way to utilize photographs in crisis reporting. In part the directive said, “our backs are to
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the podium and our cameras are focused on the faces of the crowd” (Lower 2001). This was curious, for among photojournalists the idea of using images to draw from and upon the public rather than to depict the events being witnessed was antithetical to what good journalism is supposed to do." (Abstract)
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"Sharing the Front Line and the Back Hills" points to a crisis facing international institutions and the media who seek to alleviate and report human suffering throughout the world. The goals of the editor are to tell the story of thousands of individuals dedicated to helping others; and to integrat
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e issues of protection and care into all levels of planning, implementing and evaluating international intervention and action. The book identifies approaches that have proven useful and explores and suggests future directions." (Publisher description)
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