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Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
60
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
20
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
18
Journalism Education & Training
15
War Reporting
14
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
13
Female Journalists & Media Workers
11
Foreign Correspondents
10
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
10
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
9
Trauma: Media Representation & Reporting
9
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
8
Self-Censorship
6
Crime & Violence Reporting
6
Journalism Ethics
6
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
4
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
4
Photojournalism
4
Genocides
3
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
3
Trauma, Coping with Trauma, Trauma Therapy
3
Documenting Human Rights Violations
3
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
3
Emergency Medical Aid
3
Investigative Journalism
3
Death & Grief: Reporting & Media Representation
3
User-Generated Contents
3
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
2
Censorship
2
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
2
Crisis Communication
2
Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
2
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
2
Iraq War (2003)
2
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
2
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
2
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
2
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
2
Countering Defamation & Harassment
2
Journalism
2
Journalistic Quality
2
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
2
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
2
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
2
Conflict & War Photography
2
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
2
Resilience
2
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
1
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
1
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
1
Children: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
1
Editorial Independence
1
Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
1
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
1
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
1
Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPP)
1
Boko Haram
1
Wars
1
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
1
Conflict-Sensitive Radio Journalism, Radio in Conflict Prevention & Transformation
1
Violence in the Media
1
War Propaganda, Propaganda in Conflicts
1
Media Criticism
1
Collective Memory & Media, Media Representation of History
1
Disasters, Disaster Relief, Disaster Prevention
1
Data Journalism, Computer-Assisted Investigative Reporting
1
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
1
Journalistic Social Media Use
1
Prisoners & Communication / Media
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Communication
1
Earthquakes, Floods, Tsunamis, Natural Disasters
1
Humanitarian Aid
1
International Humanitarian Crisis Reporting, Foreign Disaster Reporting
1
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
1
Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
1
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
1
Counselling
1
COVID-19 Communication
1
Mental Health (General)
1
Suicide Reporting & Media Representation
1
Indigenous Journalists & Communicators
1
Foreign News, International News
1
Influence of Media on Foreign & International Policies
1
Information Sources of Journalists
1
Journalism Education Curricula
1
Journalistic Skills
1
Journalistic Style & Language
1
Freelance Journalists & Media Workers
1
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
1
Stringers & Fixers (Journalism)
1
Local Journalism
1
Newsroom Management
1
Business & Economics Journalism
1
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
1
Forced Labour & Human Trafficking: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Television Journalism
1
Witnesses, Witness Testimonies
1
Metaphors
1
Local Television
1
Media Assistance
1
Media Assistance: Financial Sustainability & Management
1
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
1
Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
1
Forced Migration, Forced Displacement
1
Military
1
Populism
1
Right-Wing Extremism
1
Democracy / Democratization and Media
1
Public Spheres
1
Emotions in the Media, Emotional Functions & Messages of Media
1
Memory, Memorizing
1
Taliban
1
Islamist Communications & Media
1
Research Methods
1
Crimes, Criminality, Organized Crime
1
Rohingya
1
Open Source Software
1
Language
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Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
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"Besonders in der philippinischen Provinz sehen sich kritische Journalisten immer wieder von Gewalt bedroht, die als Reaktion auf Berichte über Korruption, Drogenhandel, Glücksspiel etc. aufflammt. Bei der Studie lag der Fokus auf Radiojournalisten, welche die größte Opfergruppe in dem Land dars ... more

From Danger to Trauma Affective Labor and the Journalistic Discourse of Witnessing

In: Media Witnessing: Testimony in the Age of Mass Communication
Paul Frosh; Amit Pinchevski (eds.)
Palgrave (2009), pp. 158-181
"According to recent reports on violence committed against journalists, journalism is a dangerous, fear-inspiring job. In the wake of Daniel Pearl’s kidnapping and murder in January 2002 and the less-publicized but equally brutal killings of journalists in Bangladesh, the Philippines, the wars in ... more
"This study examines the psychological health of contractors working in war zones. Seventy-nine contractors completed an Internet-based psychiatric assessment. The sample was exclusively male with a mean age of 43 (SD = 7) years. The number of contractors whose scores exceeded the cutoff points for ... more
"Über Kriege und Krisen so zu berichten, dass Leser, Hörer und Zuschauer sich ein angemessenes Bild von den komplizierten und häufig leidvollen Ereignissen machen können, erfordert besondere journalistische Qualifikationen. Die wichtigsten Voraussetzungen und Regeln eines qualitätsvollen Journa ... more

Live News Africa: A Survival Guide for Journalists

Brussels; Dakar: International News Safety Institute (INSI);International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) Africa Office (2007), 87 pp.
"Live News: A Survival Guide for Journalists, is carefully tailored to help journalists to prepare themselves mentally, physically and psychologically before engaging on an assignment that can be very dangerous. The guiding tips provided in the text help to prepare the journalists mentally before, h ... more

Manual para el apoyo emocional del periodista

Bogotá: Fundación para la Libertad de Prensa (FLIP);Universidad Sergio Arboleda, Escuela de Comunicación Social y Periodismo (2007), 32 pp.
"A través de la Red de Alerta y Protección a Periodistas, RAP, la FLIP completa una década de monitoreo ininterrumpido y sistemático de todas las agresiones a la libertad de prensa en el país; también desarrolla actividades que contribuyen a la protección de los periodistas y de los medios de ... more
"This paper investigates occupational stressors amongst media personnel assigned to work on covering the Iraq War via interviews with 54 journalists from the BBC and Reuters, who worked in Iraq between February and April 2003. A range of stressors were identified that could be categorized into three ... more
"Journalists frequently report on disasters. There is a growing evidence that they are subsequently at higher risk of post-traumatic and depressive symptoms. We conducted an internet-based study with 61 journalists who had covered the tsunami disaster in December 2004 from the affected region. The e ... more

Covering Children & Trauma: A Guide for Journalism Professionals

Washington, DC: Dart Center for Journalism & Trauma (2006), 13 pp.
"When children are victims of violence, journalists have a responsibility to report the truth with compassion and sensitivity. Kids aren’t mini-adults; they deserve special consideration when they end up in the news. Yet few journalists have experience interviewing children for routine stories, le ... more

Journalists under Fire: The Psychological Hazards of Covering War

Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press (2006), xiv, 195 pp.
"As journalists in Iraq and other hot spots around the world continue to face harrowing dangers and personal threats, neuropsychiatrist Anthony Feinstein offers a timely and important exploration into the psychological damage of those who, armed only with pen, tape recorder, or camera, bear witness ... more

Covering Violence: A Guide to Ethical Reporting About Victims and Trauma

New York: Columbia University Press, 2nd ed. (2006), xv, 295 pp.
"Now in its second edition, Covering Violence remains a crucial guide for becoming a sensitive and responsible reporter. Discussing such topics as rape and the ethics of interviewing children, the book gives students and journalists a detailed understanding of what is happening "on the scene" of a v ... more

Live news: Guide de survie à l’usage des journalistes

Brussels: Fédération Internationale des Journalistes (FIJ) (2005), 139 pp.
"La FIJ mène depuis de nombreuses années une campagne pour le renforcement de la sécurité et pour la défense des journalistes autochtones et des freelances, car ce sont eux qui sont exposés aux risques les plus importants et qui bénéficient du moins de protection. Les choses commencent à bo ... more
"The current war in Iraq saw an alliance between the media and the military, a process called embedded journalism. The aim of this study was to explore whether this process affected the journalists' vulnerability to psychological distress. Eighty-five of 100 journalists approached agreed to particip ... more

Live News: A Survival Guide for Journalists

Brussels: International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) (2003), 135 pp.
"The IFJ has campaigned for many years for greater safety and for a focus on the in-country journalists and freelances who are at greatest risk and who have the least protection. With the creation of the International News Safety Institute (see pages 103-105), that is beginning to happen. This book ... more
"Journalists face unusual challenges when covering violent or mass tragedies. They face the possibility of being a first responder to a violent event. They interact with victims dealing with extraordinary grief. Journalists who cover any “blood-and-guts” beat often build a needed and appropriate ... more

Reporting under fire: The physical safety and emotional welfare of journalists

In: Journalism After September 11
Barbie Zelizer; Stuart Allan (eds.)
London; New York: Routledge (2002), 16 pp.
"The September 11 attack on the twin towers and the subsequent anthrax incidents have created a growing debate and subsequent concern with what is now termed urban war corresponding. A realization is emerging that those correspondents who covered September 11 (who may not be war correspondents) may ... more

Photography, Journalism and Trauma

In: Journalism After September 11
Barbie Zelizer; Stuart Allan (eds.)
London; New York: Routledge (2002), 21 pp.
"Not long after the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, a memo from the American Press Institute went out to US news editors and reporters, advising them on the “correct” way to utilize photographs in crisis reporting. In part the directive said, “our backs are to ... more
"Sharing the Front Line and the Back Hills" points to a crisis facing international institutions and the media who seek to alleviate and report human suffering throughout the world. The goals of the editor are to tell the story of thousands of individuals dedicated to helping others; and to integrat ... more