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Journals
Output Type
Who is Afraid of Fake News? Modeling Risk Perceptions of Misinformation in 142 Countries
Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, volume 3, issue 3 (2022), 13 pp.
"Using survey data from 154,195 respondents in 142 countries, we investigate internet user perceptions of the risks associated with being exposed to misinformation. We find that: 1) The majority of regular internet users globally (58.5%) worry about misinformation, and young and low-income groups ar
...
The detection of political deepfakes
Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, volume 27, issue 4, zmac008 (2022), 13 pp.
"In this article, a theoretical model on the detection of deepfakes by ordinary citizens is introduced. The authors conducted three studies in which deepfakes with political content were presented. The deepfakes showed UK’s Prime Minister Boris Johnson or Barack Obama. In the deepfake videos, the
...
A Systematic Literature Review on Fake News in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Can AI Propose a Solution?
Applied Sciences (MDPI), volume 12, issue 12727 (2022), 19 pp.
"This paper aims to unpack a structured overview of previous research topics and findings and identify gaps. Our goal in this systematic review is to (a) synthesize the selected earlier studies, (b) offer researchers a structural framework for future COVID-19 and fake news research, and (c) recommen
...
Solidarity Through Cynicism? The Influence of Russian Conspiracy Narratives Abroad
International Studies Quarterly, issue 66, sqac012 (2022), 14 pp.
"As conspiracy theories have become a popular form of political discourse worldwide, states have promoted conspiratorial ideas to advance their foreign policy goals. Yet, despite recent attention to the spread of propaganda abroad, scholars have not addressed whether and how conspiracy theories spre
...
Demystifying Disinformation Shadow Economies: Fake News Work Models in Indonesia and the Philippines
Asian Journal of Communication, volume 32, issue 3 (2022), pp. 251-267
"[...] this article contributes ethnographically grounded and comparative research of two democratic Southeast Asian countries dealing with urgent threats to media freedom and democracy: Indonesia and the Philippines. Our research identifies the main disinformation work models in Southeast Asia, mos
...
Cyber War and Cyber Peace: Digital Conflict in the Middle East
London: Tauris (2022), xii, 212 pp.
"[...] this is the first anthology to specifically investigate the history and state of cyber warfare in the Middle East. It gathers an array of technical practitioners, social science scholars, and legal experts to provide a panoramic overview and cross-sectional analysis covering four main areas:
...
Shadow Forces: Hidden Malign Domestic and Foreign "Grey Zone" Media Influence in Central-Eastern Europe
Political Capital Institute (2022), 39 pp.
"This paper is the summary of the results of a research project lasting over six months, covering domestic and foreign hidden malign influence activities pursued through the so-called "grey zone" media in three countries - the Czech Republic, Serbia and Hungary -, during a period of heightened inter
...
Mapping Disinformation in the Serbian Media
Beograd: CRTA (2022), 98 pp.
"Our main findings show that, numerically, disinformation overpowers the news. More precisely, this study identified 559 different types of disinformation cases in 494 news items disseminated in 14 (out of 15 analysed) Serbian news media. Our study found that false, misleading and manipulative infor
...
Media Literacy and Disinformation Perception Survey
Tbilisi: Media Development Foundation (MDF) (2022), 37 pp.
"The aim of this research was to study media consumption habits among different age groups and geographical areas, as well as the public's vulnerability to various disinformation and manipulative narratives disseminated in Georgia. The first part of the research concerns media literacy competencies,
...
A Strategy for Effective Counterspeech Against Online Hate and Disinformation in Sri Lanka
Dehiwala: National Christian Evangelical Alliance of Sri Lanka (NCEASL) (2022), 78 pp.
"This strategy, prepared through a consultative process, identifies some approaches and interventions in counter speech in the context of Sri Lanka's socio-political realities. It is meant to help streamline and scale up various efforts already being pursued by different individuals or groups. The f
...
Guide de la lutte contre la désinformation: Références, pratiques et outils
Rabat: Haute Autorité de la Communication Audiovisuelle (HACA) (2022), 54 pp.
"[...] le "Guide" est une modeste contribution pour lutter contre les fausses informations. Qu'est-ce qu'une fake news? Que cache une manipulation de l'information ? Comment la détecter et avec quels outils ? Ce sont -là quelques-unes des questions auxquelles répond ce guide, qui invite le lecteu
...
Success and Failure in News Media Performance: Comparative Analysis in the Media for Democracy Monitor 2021
Gothenburg: Nordicom; University of Gothenburg (2022), 360 pp.
"The Media for Democracy Monitor (MDM) assesses the performance of leading news media in mature democracies with regard to the three core dimensions of democracy: freedom, equality, and control. After monitoring 10 countries in 2011, the MDM project expanded to cover the leading news media of 18 dem
...
Deny, Deceive, Delay: Documenting and Responding to Climate Disinformation at COP26 and Beyond
Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD); CASM Technology (2022), 115 pp.
"In February 2022, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) took an unprecedented step, citing mis- and disinformation and the “politicization of science” as key barriers to action. For the first time, a document accepted by all Member Governments stated that rhetoric from “vested
...
Conflict and Online Space in the Sahel: Challenges and Recommendations
Brussels: Search for Common Ground (2022), 5 pp.
"With the growth of new social media users across the Sahel, existing conflict dynamics are increasingly manifesting. Sahelians are entering a complex digital space. The ability of individuals and communities to adapt to online/offline conflict dynamics will define the future of conflict in the regi
...
Desinformación y conflictividad en Bolivia 2019-2021
La Paz: Fundación UNIR (2022), 77 pp.
"Este estudio aborda el modo cómo la desinformación propalada principalmente a través de las redes sociales digitales, pero también en sitios web y medios periodísticos, ha contribuido a alimentar los conflictos y cómo éstos han dado lugar a más desinformación. Asimismo desentraña los prop
...
Comunicação e ciência: Reflexões sobre a desinformação
São Paulo: Intercom – Sociedade Brasileira de Estudos Interdisciplinares da Comunicação (2022), 476 pp.
"Como indica o título do livro há em seus 21 textos diversos cenários que se apresentam em torno daquilo que conceitualmente é definido como “desinformação”, ou seja, reflexões sobre o nosso tempo concomitante de vida em que se dá crédito a teorias absurdas, se reescreve o passado a par
...
Policy Paper: Unpacking Content Moderation in Pashto and Dari
Meedan; Digital Rights Foundation (DRF) (2022), 25 pp.
"Content moderation at scale is an extremely complicated issue, however by looking at specific examples such as the case studies and data highlighted in this study, the conversation can start to take into account more diverse experiences and context that is normally overlooked. Emerging from these e
...
Addressing Conspiracy Theories: What Teachers Need to Know
Key Guides
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 18 pp.
"This document is a first introduction for educators, working in and outside of formal schooling, on how to identify, prevent and address conspiracy theories in education settings. It seeks to provide educators with key definitions and essential knowledge to grasp the complexity of the phenomenon an
...
The Unfreedom Monitor: Information
Amsterdam: Global Voices Advox (2022), 22 pp.
"To summarise, three factors define information manipulation today in the observed countries. First, there is continuous enhancement of disinformation technical abilities to overcome the measures taken by IT platforms and make disinformation look more trustworthy, especially using AI. Second, grand
...
