"Since August 2021, almost 50% of media outlets have ceased their operations in Afghanistan. An estimated 90% of women journalists have lost their jobs, with many more media workers having fled the country or been forced into hiding. Replying to a call from over hundred anonymous journalists for con
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tinued assistance inside the country, UNESCO’s response focused on the provision of lifeline resources to support the Afghan media sectors while restoring longer term media viability. It is in this context that the EU-funded project “Support to Afghan Media Resilience to Foster Peace and Security”, implemented from November 2022 to April 2024, has played a key role in addressing and mitigating Afghan media challenges, while fostering continued access to information of the Afghan population, especially conflict sensitive reporting, humanitarian information and educational broadcasting, with a specific focus on women journalists, youth and minority groups." (Back cover)
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"Since its founding in 1980, the IPDC has worked to foster and secure a healthy environment for free, pluralistic, and independent media in developing countries, countries in transition, and countries in conflict and post-conflict situations. Through this mandate, the Programme has since dedicated o
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ver $115 million to media development through more than 2,200 projects, carried out in at least 140 countries. In 2021, the IPDC Bureau approved a total of 86 project proposals and 9 Special Allocation initiatives. Nine of those projects, approved through the Rapid Response mechanism, reported to the Bureau in 2022. This report therefore covers 77 projects and the 9 Special Allocation initiatives approved in 2021, implemented in at least 90 countries over the course of 2021 and 2022." (Executive summary)
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"The IPDC Bureau at its 64th meeting (June 2020) requested the Secretariat to develop a targeted fundraising strategy in accordance with UNESCO’s overall fundraising strategy. It was first presented to the 32nd session of the Intergovernmental Council of the IPDC in November 2020. The Council then
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instructed the Secretariat to implement resource mobilization aimed at the private sector and civil society. The Secretariat presented a revised fundraising strategy, which also included elements on visibility to the 65th Bureau meeting in June 2021, and reported on its implementation at the 66th Bureau meeting in June 2022 and at the 33rd Council session of the Intergovernmental Council of the IPDC in November 2022. This document reports to the Bureau on the implementation actions thus far and includes a draft decision by the Bureau." (Page 1)
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"UNESCO’s support to the DRC in 2020 and 2021, through its Kinshasa Office, has mainly focused on the construction and consolidation of a strategic dialogue between the government, state agencies, the media, social society, academia and international organizations. This way, UNESCO helped pave the
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way for the involvement of all concerned stakeholders in discussions to develop policies and strategies to create an environment conducive to the respect and protection of freedom of expression, access to information and the safety of journalists. In October 2021, Congolese authorities approved the holding of a General Assembly of Communication and Media (Etats généraux de la communication et des médias), which will take place on 24-27 January 2022." (Page 2)
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"UNESCO organized several meetings with high-level representatives from the Peruvian government, including the judicial branch and the Prosecutor’s Office, along with civil society and media syndicates. This initiative also relied on cooperation with OHCHR and the Media Freedom Group, comprised of
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the embassies of the United Kingdom, the United States, the Netherlands and Canada in Lima. These parties agreed to continue holding a multi-stakeholder dialogue in 2022, with UNESCO as a facilitator. The continuation of this dialogue will enable the development of a joint roadmap to address the safety of journalists and promote freedom of expression, which is expected to be finalized in March 2022. This roadmap will be a first step in establishing a national mechanism for the safety of journalists." (Page 2)
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"To ensure the survival of Afghanistan’s media sector after the regime change, reprogrammed funding from the MDP and the Global Media Defence Fund (GMDF) provided emergency support t o independent Afghan media outlets that had seen their viability disrupted as a result of the crisis. Through this,
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UNESCO supported the development of factual, verified and life-saving humanitarian information, conflict-sensitive reporting, and educational broadcasting. Since then, over 40 reports produced in English, Dari and Pashto across 17 provinces have reached over seven million beneficiaries. This was done with the overarching aim of supporting the safety of journalists, of avoiding an information vacuum in Afghanistan, as well as of preventing the extinction of professional and independent journalism in the country." (Page 3)
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"The MDP’s response to these urgent needs was twofold: assisting Lebanese media in overcoming the viability crisis caused by the Beirut blasts, and countering the deterioration of freedom of expression and of the safety of journalists, while also maintaining previous efforts to raise awareness on
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the access to information law. Firstly, UNESCO provided financial and technical support to a Media Recovery Fund created by the Samir Kassir Foundation (SKeyes). The Media Recovery Fund has since its creation supported the economic viability of Lebanese media outlets, as well as has helped journalists affected by the blasts through psychosocial support and through the replacement of damaged equipment. Within the framework of the LiBeirut taskforce, an international initiative launched by UNESCO’s Director- General to support the rehabilitation of the city, UNESCO led an interagency initiative together with UNODC and UNFPA to support civil society projects for communities affected by the blasts. The selected projects focused on freedom of expression, access to information, and media and information literacy, with special attention being granted to youth and women." (Page 2)
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"Under the MDP, UNESCO has since 2018 coordinated actions with other development partners through the Somalia Media Sector Group (SMSG) to advocate for improvements in the media legislative framework and to support the implementation of the Somalia Federal Republic Media Strategy 2016-2020 as well a
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s of the UN Plan of Action. In addition, UNESCO supported a consortium of media institutions under the Somalia Independent Media Houses Association (SIMHA) who monitored the amendment process of the Federal Media Law and advocated for the modification or deletion of clauses that could adversely impact media freedom. Through this, UNESCO provided support for the review of media laws in Somalia and Somaliland to encourage compliance with international standards." (Page 2)
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"A decade after the beginning of the civil war, Syria remains among the most dangerous environments for journalists and media workers. Between 2011 and 2021, UNESCO’s Observatory recorded 113 killings of journalists. In its 2021 report, covering the years between 2011 and 2020, the Syrian Center f
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or Media and Freedom of Expression (SCM) recorded 1,670 documented cases of media freedom violations committed by a variety of national and foreign actors. These include killings, arbitrary detention, enforced disappearance and kidnapping, attacks on media headquarters, forced resignations, expulsions and deportations, as well as physical and verbal attacks.
The Syrian media landscape is characterized by its polarization and sectarianism, which severely limits the Syrian population’s access to independent and reliable information. A multiplication of media outlets has been noted in recent years, but these are generally under heavy pressure to support the dominant faction in their area. As a result, Syrians are often exposed to highly partial media content, as well as to varying degrees of inflammatory hate speech. In zones controlled by the Syrian government, information is controlled by the State press agency, and media must obtain authorization from the Ministry of Information to operate.
UNESCO’s response to these challenges has therefore been twofold: firstly, actions have focused on monitoring hate speech in Syrian media content in order to produce recommendations to counter it and thus prevent it from escalating conflict and hatred. Secondly, an action plan for the safety of Syrian journalists has been developed through multi-stakeholder consultations, which was completed by the development of a safety curriculum for Syrian journalism schools. UNESCO thus upscaled advocacy towards the prevention of hate speech in Syrian media through a monitoring project which started in 2017 and enabled the production of two monitoring studies in 2018 and 2020. In July 2019, the project brought together representatives of Syrian media at a meeting in Paris to discuss the outcomes of the first round of monitoring, which resulted in a consensus to put an end to this phenomenon and identify steps to curb it." (Page 2)
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"Various media freedom NGOs have noted that progress achieved in 2019 in terms of freedom of expression and of the media was disrupted by a series of internet shutdowns as well as by an anti-hate speech law adopted in 2020, whose vague provisions have drawn criticism from specialized observers. Furt
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hermore, the armed conflict that broke out in the Tigray region in November 2020 has pointed out to concerning trends, with journalists reporting having been barred to travel to the region. Responding to these setbacks, the UNESCO Addis Ababa Office launched in 2020 on the occasion of World Press Freedom Day an online campaign promoting freedom of expression, media freedom and the safety of journalists within the national context of democratic transition. In addition, the campaign aimed at encouraging professional journalism within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has, as in many other countries, come to further complicate the challenges faced by Ethiopian media." (Page 2)
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