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Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
50
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
40
War Reporting
29
Conflicts and Media
20
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
20
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
15
Al-Jazeera
14
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
12
Foreign Correspondents
12
Television News
12
Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation: Role of Media
10
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
10
Election Reporting
10
Influence of Media on Politics
10
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
9
Female Journalists & Media Workers
9
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
8
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
8
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
7
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
7
Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
6
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
6
Propaganda
6
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
5
Terrorism
5
Civil Wars
5
Conflict-Sensitive / Peace Communication
5
Crime & Violence Reporting
5
Trauma: Media Representation & Reporting
5
Violence in the Media
5
Social Media
5
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
5
Journalism Ethics
5
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
5
Journalism
5
Journalism Education & Training
5
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
5
Politics and Media
5
Democracy / Democratization and Media
5
Political Transition and Media
5
Public Spheres
5
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
4
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
4
Genocides
4
Religion and Conflicts, Religious Conflicts, Religious Violence
4
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
4
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
4
War Propaganda, Propaganda in Conflicts
4
Collective Memory: Violent Conflicts & Wars
4
Humanitarian Law
4
Environmental Journalism
4
Emergency Medical Aid
4
Influence of Media on Foreign & International Policies
4
Satellite Television
4
Journalistic Quality
4
Local Journalism
4
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
4
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
4
Framing
4
Political Communication
4
Censorship
3
Crisis Communication
3
Public Diplomacy, Cultural Diplomacy
3
Conflicts, Conflict Prevention & Management, Mediation, Peacebuilding
3
Ethnic Conflicts
3
Conflict-Sensitive Radio Journalism, Radio in Conflict Prevention & Transformation
3
Conflicts & Wars: Roles of Digital Technologies & Conflict Narratives in Social Media
3
Discourse & Discourse Analysis
3
Collective Memory & Media, Media Representation of History
3
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
3
Objectivity & Veracity of Reporting
3
Bias in News Media
3
International Communication
3
Political Reporting
3
Media Law & Regulation
3
Civil Society
3
Rohingya
3
Al-Arabiya
3
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
2
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
2
Children: Media Representation & Reporting
2
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
2
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
2
Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
2
Community Radios
2
International Conflicts
2
Dealing With the Past
2
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
2
Human Security Reporting
2
Transitional Justice Reporting
2
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
2
Anthropology of Media & Communication
2
Nonprofit Organizations, NGOs
2
Development Communication Theories
2
Data Journalism, Computer-Assisted Investigative Reporting
2
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
2
Racism in Communication & Media
2
Romani People
2
Disaster Relief & Humanitarian Aid Reporting
2
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
2
Media Ownership
2
Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
2
Environmental & Land Conflicts Reporting & Media Representation
2
Ethics in Media & Communication
2
Health Communication
2
COVID-19 Communication
2
Ethnicity in Communication
2
Indigenous Language Press
2
Intercultural Communication, Intercultural Competencies
2
Developing Countries Reporting & Representation in Foreign / International Media
2
Associations & Networks of Journalists
2
Constructive Journalism, Solution-Oriented Journalism
2
Journalism Concepts & Cultures
2
Journalists
2
Stringers & Fixers (Journalism)
2
News
2
Photojournalism
2
Language
2
Media Assistance
2
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
2
Truth & Reconciliation Commissions
2
Polarization, Political Polarization
2
Newspapers
2
Media Reception
2
Islam and Communication
2
Islamist Communications & Media
2
Muslim Media
2
Research in Media & Communication
2
Social Change
2
Television
2
Al-Hurra (Television Channel)
2
Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
2
Theories of Communication & Media
2
Non-Western Communication Approaches
2
User-Generated Contents
2
Flow of Information
1
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
1
Media Use, Media Consumption
1
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
1
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
1
Awards & Prizes: Literary & Book Awards
1
Book Publishing
1
Textbooks, Textbook Development, Publishing & Research
1
Development Communication Campaigns
1
Digital Media Campaigns
1
Presencia (Newspaper, Bolivia)
1
Radio Cutivalú (Piura, Peru)
1
Radio Marañón (Jaén, Perú)
1
Radio Quillabamba (Quillabamba, Peru)
1
Children's News Programmes
1
Children's Television Programmes
1
Comics, Cartoons, Caricatures
1
Educational Comics & Comics for Development
1
Media Reception & Effects: Children
1
Violence in the Media: Effects on Children
1
Documentaries, Television Documentaries, Web Documentaries
1
War & Political Violence in Cinema
1
Communication Rights
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Media Owners
1
Freedom of Expression
1
Freedom of Expression Principles
1
Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
1
Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists & Media Personnel
1
OSCE Representative of Freedom of the Media
1
Government Communication Strategies
1
Government Propaganda
1
NGOs & Civil Society Organizations: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Public Relations
1
Alternative Press
1
Community Media
1
Groups, Group Communication, Group Development
1
Participatory Videos & Community Filmmaking
1
Oral Cultures & Traditions, Oral History, Oral Testimonies
1
Storytelling
1
Conflicts: Victims' Perspectives
1
Cultural Conflicts
1
Reconciliation Work
1
Boko Haram
1
Islamic State (Political-Religious Extremist Organization)
1
Wars
1
Gaza War (2023-)
1
Iraq-Kuwait Gulf War (1990-1991)
1
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
1
Enemy Images
1
Media Assistance: Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
1
Peace Culture, Peace Education, Non-Violence
1
Violence in the Media: Reception & Effects
1
Wars & Political Violence in Arts & Literature
1
Media Quality
1
Collective Identities & Media
1
Cultural Identity
1
Hybrid Cultures, Hybridization
1
Literature
1
Narratives, Narrative Structures
1
Modernization Development Approaches, Developmentalism
1
Museums
1
Clothing & Fashion
1
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
1
Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
1
International Development Cooperation
1
Development and Media
1
Digital Media Startups
1
Internet
1
Blogging, Blogs
1
Facebook
1
Social / Digital Media and ICTs in Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Management & Prevention
1
Twitter & Microblogs
1
Instagram
1
Ethnic / Minority Online Communities & Websites
1
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
1
Foreigners: Media Representation
1
LGBT & Communication / Media
1
Uyghurs, Uighurs
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Communication
1
Early Warning: Disasters
1
Health Disinformation & Misinformation
1
Identifying & Researching Disinformation
1
Economy
1
Commodities, Raw Materials, Extractive Industries, Mining
1
Traffic & Transport Infrastructure
1
Education and Communication / Media
1
Universities
1
Infotainment, Politainment
1
Television Serials
1
Water Resources Management, Water Access & Supply
1
Ethics in Nonprofit & Community Journalism
1
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
1
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
1
Self-Regulation of Media
1
Ubuntu (Ethical Concept of Southern African Origin)
1
Victim-Sensitive Reporting
1
Gender Media Studies & Feminist Communication Research
1
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
1
Gender-Sensitive Journalism
1
Counselling
1
Suicide Reporting & Media Representation
1
Vaccination Campaigns & Vaccine Hesitancy
1
History of Media & Communication
1
First World War (1914-1918)
1
History of Journalism
1
Indigenous Issues Reporting & Media Representation
1
Indigenous Journalists & Communicators
1
Cross-Cultural Analysis
1
Arab World / Middle East: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
1
China: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
1
China: Transnational Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
1
Foreign News, International News
1
Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
1
Globalisation of Media
1
Communication Rights in the Information Society (CRIS)
1
World Information and Communication Order
1
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
1
Transnational Broadcasting, International Broadcasting
1
International Organizations
1
United Nations (UN)
1
Journalistic Skills
1
News Agencies
1
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
1
Poverty & Impoverished People: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Religion: Media Representation
1
Islam: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Sexual Abuse Reporting, Sexual Violence Reporting
1
Linguistic Diversity
1
Rhetorics, Public Speaking, Speeches
1
Translations & Translating
1
Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Relations
1
Media, Mass Media
1
Nonverbal Communication, Body Language, Gestures
1
Oral Communication
1
Stereotypes in Media & Communication
1
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
1
Civil Rights
1
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
1
Transitional Justice
1
BBC
1
Diasporas
1
Migration
1
Music
1
Music Videos
1
Photography
1
Conflict & War Photography
1
Arab Spring (2010-2012)
1
Guerillas, Insurgent Groups, Revolutionary Movements
1
FARC (Insurgent Group, Colombia)
1
Capitalism
1
Political Resistance
1
Fragile / Post-Conflict States
1
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
1
National Identity & Media, Nationalism & Communication
1
Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers, Elites
1
Public Opinion
1
Watchdog Role of the Media
1
Press
1
Yellow Press
1
Public Media, State Media
1
Radio
1
Mega FM (Radio Station, Gulu, Uganda)
1
Radio Télévision Ivoirienne
1
Media Effects
1
Perception, Cognition & Comprehension
1
Social Integration: Role of Media
1
Television Reception & Effects
1
Fundamentalisms (Religious)
1
Islamism
1
Islamophobia
1
Comparative Approaches & Methods in Communication Research
1
Digital Sources
1
Ethnographic Research
1
Interviewing (Journalistic Genre)
1
Human Security
1
Violence
1
Sexual Violence & Abuse, Rape
1
Ethnocentrism
1
Nomades
1
Informatics
1
Telecommunications
1
Television Channels
1
Al-Manar (Television Channel, Lebanon)
1
Open Broadcast Network (Bosnia)
1
Tele Liban (Television Channel, Lebanon)
1
TeleSur (Television Channel)
1
Television Talk Shows
1
Postcolonial & Decolonial Communication Approaches
1
Youth Activism, Youth Civic Engagement, Youth Political Interests, Youth Protests
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type

Media and Identity in Africa

Bloomington: Indiana University Press (2009), xvii, 333 pp.
"One of the greatest threats to freedom of expression around the world is the violence committed against journalists practicing their profession in conflict situations. During the last 20 years, an alarming number of journalists have been targeted or killed when reporting about war. This situation h ... more

Alarming Reports: Communicating Conflict in the Daily News

New York; Oxford: Berghahn (2009), vii, 208 pp.
"News stories provide an essential confirmation of our ideas about who we are, what we have to fear, and what to do about it: a marketplace of ideas, shopped by rational citizen decision makers but also a shared resource for grounding our contested narratives of identity in objective reality. News a ... more

Arab News and Conflict: A Multidisciplinary Discourse Study

Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company (2009), 238 pp.
"Drawing on socio-political-linguistic approaches combined with real-case studies, the author offers a unique discourse analysis model for analysing politically sensitive language in the media. The focus in this study is on the Arab media discourse in times of conflict with Israel and the US, spanni ... more

Gaza Media Safety

Copenhagen: International Media Support (IMS) (2009), 14 pp.
"Lack of safety and basic protection for media workers in Gaza – and in particular for journalists and photographers working freelance – has been identified as the most crucial and imminent issue in the weeks following the military offensive by Israel against Hamas in the Gaza Strip on 27 Decemb ... more
"The town of Gulu in northern Uganda stood still as the leader of a then 16-year-old insurgency against the government was heard live through a local government radio station. On 28 December 2002, Joseph Kony called in to Mega FM’s live debate talk show and was heard throughout northern Uganda. Th ... more
"This study examines the psychological health of contractors working in war zones. Seventy-nine contractors completed an Internet-based psychiatric assessment. The sample was exclusively male with a mean age of 43 (SD = 7) years. The number of contractors whose scores exceeded the cutoff points for ... more
"The media have shaped and will continue to play a central role in shaping Kenya’s democracy. The recent record of the media, according to many within it, is that media has undermined as well as invigorated that democracy. An understanding of democracy and democratic governance in Kenya is not pos ... more

Media and Conflict Reporting in Asia

Singapore: Asian Media Information and Communication Centre (AMIC) (2008), 203 pp.
"The thirteen significant case studies presented here examine the challenges faced by media practitioners reporting on conflicts across the diverse media ecologies of Asia. Significant themes covered include: how media culture affects the way conflict is covered, including aspects such as resource l ... more

Medios en conflicto

Lazos (UNIR, La Paz), volume 2, issue 4 (2008), 71 pp.
"This study examines how a Christian-oriented Western press organization [Forum 18 News Service, Norway] covers religion-related news in the Caucasus. Coverage in 2005 overwhelmingly focused on Christianity. Although governmental sources are more likely to be cited than religiously affiliated source ... more

South Pacific Islands Communication: Regional Perspectives, Local Issues

Singapore: Asian Media Information and Communication Centre (AMIC) (2008), xi, 288 pp.
"This book brings together significant scholarly contributions on communication issues by researchers working across the region. It aims to create better understanding of what affects the communication and information flow in smaller nations and how these impact on national development, governance a ... more

How Far to Go? Kenya's Media Caught in the Turmoil of a Failed Election: Report

Copenhagen: International Media Support (IMS);Article 19;Reporters Without Borders (2008), 9 pp.

Debates in Peace Journalism

Sydney: Sydney University Press (2008), xix, 256 pp.
"In Debates in Peace Journalism, Jake Lynch traces the major controversies in this emerging field - philosophical, pedagogical and professional - and links his own contributions to them with important new material. The book is intended for those wishing to immerse themselves in the main conceptual c ... more

The Examples of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan: Political Extremism, Terrorism, and Media in Central Asia

Copenhagen; Almaty; Bishkek: International Media Support (IMS);Adil Soz;Public Association "Journalists" (2008), 38 pp.
"This study furnishes the media, the civil society organisations, the public authorities and international organisations in the region with a point of reference in context to the rising debate about extremism, especially Islamic fundamentalism, and terrorism. It provides insight into how the mass me ... more
"The first casualty of war is truth. Disinformation and tactical ruses of war have constituted essential components of warfare throughout history. Over time, influencing public opinion - and consequentially securing the prime position to exert such influence - has become ever more significant. In mo ... more
"While the relationship between war and media is examined in literature, the cases of the positive use of mass communication channels in the reconciliation of post-conflict societies are virtually unknown. The goal of this study is to respond to the gap in literature by examining theoretical evidenc ... more