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Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
50
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
40
War Reporting
29
Conflicts and Media
20
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
20
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
15
Al-Jazeera
14
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
12
Foreign Correspondents
12
Television News
12
Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation: Role of Media
10
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
10
Election Reporting
10
Influence of Media on Politics
10
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
9
Female Journalists & Media Workers
9
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
8
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
8
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
7
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
7
Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
6
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
6
Propaganda
6
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
5
Terrorism
5
Civil Wars
5
Conflict-Sensitive / Peace Communication
5
Crime & Violence Reporting
5
Trauma: Media Representation & Reporting
5
Violence in the Media
5
Social Media
5
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
5
Journalism Ethics
5
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
5
Journalism
5
Journalism Education & Training
5
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
5
Politics and Media
5
Democracy / Democratization and Media
5
Political Transition and Media
5
Public Spheres
5
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
4
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
4
Genocides
4
Religion and Conflicts, Religious Conflicts, Religious Violence
4
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
4
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
4
War Propaganda, Propaganda in Conflicts
4
Collective Memory: Violent Conflicts & Wars
4
Humanitarian Law
4
Environmental Journalism
4
Emergency Medical Aid
4
Influence of Media on Foreign & International Policies
4
Satellite Television
4
Journalistic Quality
4
Local Journalism
4
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
4
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
4
Framing
4
Political Communication
4
Censorship
3
Crisis Communication
3
Public Diplomacy, Cultural Diplomacy
3
Conflicts, Conflict Prevention & Management, Mediation, Peacebuilding
3
Ethnic Conflicts
3
Conflict-Sensitive Radio Journalism, Radio in Conflict Prevention & Transformation
3
Conflicts & Wars: Roles of Digital Technologies & Conflict Narratives in Social Media
3
Discourse & Discourse Analysis
3
Collective Memory & Media, Media Representation of History
3
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
3
Objectivity & Veracity of Reporting
3
Bias in News Media
3
International Communication
3
Political Reporting
3
Media Law & Regulation
3
Civil Society
3
Rohingya
3
Al-Arabiya
3
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
2
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
2
Children: Media Representation & Reporting
2
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
2
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
2
Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
2
Community Radios
2
International Conflicts
2
Dealing With the Past
2
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
2
Human Security Reporting
2
Transitional Justice Reporting
2
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
2
Anthropology of Media & Communication
2
Nonprofit Organizations, NGOs
2
Development Communication Theories
2
Data Journalism, Computer-Assisted Investigative Reporting
2
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
2
Racism in Communication & Media
2
Romani People
2
Disaster Relief & Humanitarian Aid Reporting
2
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
2
Media Ownership
2
Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
2
Environmental & Land Conflicts Reporting & Media Representation
2
Ethics in Media & Communication
2
Health Communication
2
COVID-19 Communication
2
Ethnicity in Communication
2
Indigenous Language Press
2
Intercultural Communication, Intercultural Competencies
2
Developing Countries Reporting & Representation in Foreign / International Media
2
Associations & Networks of Journalists
2
Constructive Journalism, Solution-Oriented Journalism
2
Journalism Concepts & Cultures
2
Journalists
2
Stringers & Fixers (Journalism)
2
News
2
Photojournalism
2
Language
2
Media Assistance
2
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
2
Truth & Reconciliation Commissions
2
Polarization, Political Polarization
2
Newspapers
2
Media Reception
2
Islam and Communication
2
Islamist Communications & Media
2
Muslim Media
2
Research in Media & Communication
2
Social Change
2
Television
2
Al-Hurra (Television Channel)
2
Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
2
Theories of Communication & Media
2
Non-Western Communication Approaches
2
User-Generated Contents
2
Flow of Information
1
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
1
Media Use, Media Consumption
1
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
1
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
1
Awards & Prizes: Literary & Book Awards
1
Book Publishing
1
Textbooks, Textbook Development, Publishing & Research
1
Development Communication Campaigns
1
Digital Media Campaigns
1
Presencia (Newspaper, Bolivia)
1
Radio Cutivalú (Piura, Peru)
1
Radio Marañón (Jaén, Perú)
1
Radio Quillabamba (Quillabamba, Peru)
1
Children's News Programmes
1
Children's Television Programmes
1
Comics, Cartoons, Caricatures
1
Educational Comics & Comics for Development
1
Media Reception & Effects: Children
1
Violence in the Media: Effects on Children
1
Documentaries, Television Documentaries, Web Documentaries
1
War & Political Violence in Cinema
1
Communication Rights
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Media Owners
1
Freedom of Expression
1
Freedom of Expression Principles
1
Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
1
Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists & Media Personnel
1
OSCE Representative of Freedom of the Media
1
Government Communication Strategies
1
Government Propaganda
1
NGOs & Civil Society Organizations: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Public Relations
1
Alternative Press
1
Community Media
1
Groups, Group Communication, Group Development
1
Participatory Videos & Community Filmmaking
1
Oral Cultures & Traditions, Oral History, Oral Testimonies
1
Storytelling
1
Conflicts: Victims' Perspectives
1
Cultural Conflicts
1
Reconciliation Work
1
Boko Haram
1
Islamic State (Political-Religious Extremist Organization)
1
Wars
1
Gaza War (2023-)
1
Iraq-Kuwait Gulf War (1990-1991)
1
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
1
Enemy Images
1
Media Assistance: Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
1
Peace Culture, Peace Education, Non-Violence
1
Violence in the Media: Reception & Effects
1
Wars & Political Violence in Arts & Literature
1
Media Quality
1
Collective Identities & Media
1
Cultural Identity
1
Hybrid Cultures, Hybridization
1
Literature
1
Narratives, Narrative Structures
1
Modernization Development Approaches, Developmentalism
1
Museums
1
Clothing & Fashion
1
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
1
Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
1
International Development Cooperation
1
Development and Media
1
Digital Media Startups
1
Internet
1
Blogging, Blogs
1
Facebook
1
Social / Digital Media and ICTs in Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Management & Prevention
1
Twitter & Microblogs
1
Instagram
1
Ethnic / Minority Online Communities & Websites
1
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
1
Foreigners: Media Representation
1
LGBT & Communication / Media
1
Uyghurs, Uighurs
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Communication
1
Early Warning: Disasters
1
Health Disinformation & Misinformation
1
Identifying & Researching Disinformation
1
Economy
1
Commodities, Raw Materials, Extractive Industries, Mining
1
Traffic & Transport Infrastructure
1
Education and Communication / Media
1
Universities
1
Infotainment, Politainment
1
Television Serials
1
Water Resources Management, Water Access & Supply
1
Ethics in Nonprofit & Community Journalism
1
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
1
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
1
Self-Regulation of Media
1
Ubuntu (Ethical Concept of Southern African Origin)
1
Victim-Sensitive Reporting
1
Gender Media Studies & Feminist Communication Research
1
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
1
Gender-Sensitive Journalism
1
Counselling
1
Suicide Reporting & Media Representation
1
Vaccination Campaigns & Vaccine Hesitancy
1
History of Media & Communication
1
First World War (1914-1918)
1
History of Journalism
1
Indigenous Issues Reporting & Media Representation
1
Indigenous Journalists & Communicators
1
Cross-Cultural Analysis
1
Arab World / Middle East: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
1
China: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
1
China: Transnational Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
1
Foreign News, International News
1
Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
1
Globalisation of Media
1
Communication Rights in the Information Society (CRIS)
1
World Information and Communication Order
1
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
1
Transnational Broadcasting, International Broadcasting
1
International Organizations
1
United Nations (UN)
1
Journalistic Skills
1
News Agencies
1
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
1
Poverty & Impoverished People: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Religion: Media Representation
1
Islam: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Sexual Abuse Reporting, Sexual Violence Reporting
1
Linguistic Diversity
1
Rhetorics, Public Speaking, Speeches
1
Translations & Translating
1
Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Relations
1
Media, Mass Media
1
Nonverbal Communication, Body Language, Gestures
1
Oral Communication
1
Stereotypes in Media & Communication
1
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
1
Civil Rights
1
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
1
Transitional Justice
1
BBC
1
Diasporas
1
Migration
1
Music
1
Music Videos
1
Photography
1
Conflict & War Photography
1
Arab Spring (2010-2012)
1
Guerillas, Insurgent Groups, Revolutionary Movements
1
FARC (Insurgent Group, Colombia)
1
Capitalism
1
Political Resistance
1
Fragile / Post-Conflict States
1
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
1
National Identity & Media, Nationalism & Communication
1
Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers, Elites
1
Public Opinion
1
Watchdog Role of the Media
1
Press
1
Yellow Press
1
Public Media, State Media
1
Radio
1
Mega FM (Radio Station, Gulu, Uganda)
1
Radio Télévision Ivoirienne
1
Media Effects
1
Perception, Cognition & Comprehension
1
Social Integration: Role of Media
1
Television Reception & Effects
1
Fundamentalisms (Religious)
1
Islamism
1
Islamophobia
1
Comparative Approaches & Methods in Communication Research
1
Digital Sources
1
Ethnographic Research
1
Interviewing (Journalistic Genre)
1
Human Security
1
Violence
1
Sexual Violence & Abuse, Rape
1
Ethnocentrism
1
Nomades
1
Informatics
1
Telecommunications
1
Television Channels
1
Al-Manar (Television Channel, Lebanon)
1
Open Broadcast Network (Bosnia)
1
Tele Liban (Television Channel, Lebanon)
1
TeleSur (Television Channel)
1
Television Talk Shows
1
Postcolonial & Decolonial Communication Approaches
1
Youth Activism, Youth Civic Engagement, Youth Political Interests, Youth Protests
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type

Becoming the Story: War Correspondents since 9/11

University of Illinois Press (2018), x, 202 pp.
"Becoming the Story examines the transformation of war reporting in the decade after 9/11. Lindsay Palmer delves into times when print or television correspondents themselves received intense public scrutiny because of an incident associated with the work of war reporting. Such instances include Dan ... more
"IsiZulu is one of South Africa’s Lingua francas and has two successful news publications, iLanga and iSolezwe, both written in isiZulu but vastly different in how they convey, craft and package news. This article aims to examine how iSolezwe, an isiZulu-language tabloid, used two editorials to sh ... more
"This MeCoDEM working paper presents an overview of the main findings from a quantitative content analysis covering different types of democratisation conflicts (i.e., conflicts over citizenship, elections, transitional justice and distribution of power) in four countries: Egypt, Kenya, Serbia and S ... more

Étude quantitative et qualitative des médias au Mali et de leur impact sur le processus de paix

Free Press Unlimited;IMMAR Research and Consultancy (2017), 170 pp.

Field Guide: Media Professionals and Armed Conflict. Protection and Responsibilities Under International Humanitarian Law

British Red Cross;British Institute of International and Comparative Law (2017), 57 pp.
"This Field Guide summarises the legal protection and responsibilities of media professionals operating in armed conflicts. It focuses on international humanitarian law (IHL) – also known as the ‘law of armed conflict’ – and sets out some aspects of international and UK criminal law. It is i ... more
"International Humanitarian Law (IHL) has long-claimed that recognition as a civilian is critical to a journalist's safety during war, but the new US Manual blurs that line and says journalists must better understand the distinction between civilians and combatants. Given the fact that journalists m ... more

Journalist Killings and the Responsibility to Report

In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression
Ulla Carlsson; Reeta Pöyhtäri (eds.)
Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 21-32
"More journalists are being killed and threatened around the world than at any time before. How do we account for these disturbing trends and why do journalists increasingly put themselves in harm’s way? This chapter argues that if we are to better understand the motivations of journalists and the ... more
"This study aims to investigate the reporting of major conflicts in Pakistan by two leading TV channels i.e. Geo TV and Dunya TV, to ascertain the nature of the coverage in terms of being escalatory or deescalatory. It aims to explore these conflicts from a peace journalism perspective. The conflict ... more

Media professionals and armed conflict: protection and responsibilities under international humanitarian law. Handbook

British Red Cross;british Institute of international and Comparative Law (2017), vi, 129 pp.
"This Handbook is primarily for use by media professionals who report from conflict zones. It is a practical and accessible guide to the rules of international humanitarian law (IHL) that protect media professionals and their work in armed conflict. It also considers the IHL responsibilities that me ... more

Foreign correspondents and local journalists: A key newsgathering partnership, for safety and for the global public good

In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression
Ulla Carlsson; Reeta Pöyhtäri (eds.)
Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 319-322
"Both long-standing and innovative partnership models suggest that collaborative newsgathering by international and local journalists has been an invaluable practice to get the news in unsafe environments and out to global audiences. As violence, often deadly and nearly always unpunished, multiplies ... more

Tribal Journalists under Fire: Threats, impunity and decision making in reporting on conflict in Pakistan

In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression
Ulla Carlsson; Reeta Pöyhtäri (eds.)
Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 147-158
"This study investigates the challenges faced by local journalists caught between the global “war on terror” and its local consequences in Pakistan’s Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). Threats and impunity are commonplace in this buffer zone bordering Pakistan and Afghanistan, compell ... more

The Protection of Citizen Journalists During Armed Conflicts

In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression
Ulla Carlsson; Reeta Pöyhtäri (eds.)
Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 267-278
"Digital technologies are changing the way in which journalism is performed. Today, reports by citizen journalists (CJs) are extremely relevant when traditional journalists cannot access hostile and dangerous areas. According to the Committee to Protect Journalists, 90% of murdered reporters were lo ... more

Conflict, Trauma and the Media: A Collection of Essays

Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing (2017), vi, 168 pp.
"This collection of essays explores the complicated relationship between the messengers bringing news of catastrophic upheaval and the recipients of that message. It concentrates on the journalists, photographers and film-makers, reflecting not only the motivations behind their work, but also the ps ... more

Mecanismos de la posverdad

Lima: Fondo de Cultura Económica (FCE) (2017), 152 pp.

Fridays of Rage: Al Jazeera, the Arab Spring, and Political Islam

New York: Oxford University Press (2017), xxii, 309 pp.
"This book gives readers a glimpse into how Al Jazeera has strategically cast its journalists as martyrs in the struggle for Arab freedom while promoting itself as the mouthpiece and advocate of the Arab public. In addition to heralding a new era of Arab democracy, Al Jazeera has become a major infl ... more

Image Operations: Visual Media and Political Conflict

Manchester: Manchester University Press (2017), xvi, 232 pp.

Keeping Reporters Safe: The Ethics of Drone Journalism in a Humanitarian Crisis

In: The Routledge Companion to Media and Humanitarian Action
Robin Andersen; Robin Purnaka L. de Silva (eds.)
London: Routledge (2017), pp. 477-486
"In recent years, authorities have banned the use of drones for journalism in many countries. Therefore, it is valid to claim that practicing drone journalism often leads to questions of freedom of the press, the right to receive ideas and information, and also the freedom of expression. Clearly, th ... more
"This article presents a general framework for deconstructing and classifying conflict news narratives. This framework, based on a nuanced and contextual approach to analyzing media representations of conflict actors and events, addresses some of the weaknesses of existing classification schemes, fo ... more
"Long-time peace journalist Steven Youngblood presents the foundations of peace journalism in this exciting new textbook, offering readers the methods, approaches, and concepts required to use journalism as a tool for peace, reconciliation, and development. Guidance is offered on framing stories, et ... more
"In order to prepare media based support for reconciliation in Sri Lanka MICT conducted a discourse analysis that investigated media coverage of reconciliation issues in Sri Lankan newspapers. Under the supervision of MICT experts, a mixed group of 16 Tamil and Sinhalese journalists examined all art ... more