"Über Kriege und Krisen so zu berichten, dass Leser, Hörer und Zuschauer sich ein angemessenes Bild von den komplizierten und häufig leidvollen Ereignissen machen können, erfordert besondere journalistische Qualifikationen. Die wichtigsten Voraussetzungen und Regeln eines qualitätsvollen Journa
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lismus werden in diesem Handbuch vorgestellt. Mehr als 70 erfahrene Journalisten und renommierte Wissenschaftler beschreiben praxisnah, verständlich und kompakt, was Redakteure und Reporter wissen müssen, um über Kriege und Krisen angemessen berichten zu können. Behandelt werden u. a. Vorbereitung und Ausrüstung, die besonderen Anforderungen an die Recherche in Konfliktregionen, sprachliche und ethische Aspekte, PR-Strategien und militärische Grundkenntnisse sowie die Folgen der Kriegs- und Krisenberichterstattung. Das Handbuch richtet sich an Reporter und Korrespondenten, die in Krisen- und Kriegsgebieten tätig sind, und bietet Hintergrundwissen für Auslands-, Politik- und Nachrichtenredakteure, die ebenfalls mit Kriegen und Krisen als Themen der Berichterstattung konfrontiert werden." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"The examination of the ethical and moral issues surrounding the reporting of war crimes signals one of the outstanding problems facing journalism in the contemporary era. As the nature of war has changed, so has the nature of the journalism mandated to cover it, and the selection of war crimes tria
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ls, tribunals and truth commissions are key places in which to analyse these changes. Journalists and news organizations are divided over the merits of testifying at international war crimes tribunals. To some degree, the debate about appearing before war crimes courts has split along European and US lines. A number of European journalists and documentary film makers willingly testified before the war crimes tribunal in The Hague whilst US journalists tend to see the subpoena power of the tribunals as a threat to First Amendment freedoms. Based on interviews conducted with journalists, editors, lawyers and humanitarian aid workers, this article explores questions of journalistic objectivity and impartiality; the verification of journalists' stories; the safety repercussions for journalists participating in international trials; and the implications for the erosion of confidentiality of journalists' sources." (Abstract)
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"This highly accessible text compares media institutions and political experiences in countries around the world, including the United States, the United Kingdom, and Russia, to enable students to think critically about the central questions in the study of media and politics. The book balances cont
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emporary case studies with explanations of key theories and concepts, and includes a section on political communication research methods, empowering students to fully understand - and conduct their own comparative research into - the impact of media on the political sphere." (Publisher description)
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"Media reporting of armed conflict and other situations of heightened violence has become increasingly perilous, with large numbers of journalists and other media personnel killed or deliberately targeted because of their professional work, including by government forces and non-government actors. T
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he serious risks to the safety of media personnel raise questions about the adequacy and enforcement of the international legal frameworks available to protect them. This article examines the range of complicated, interlocking normative and institutional frameworks which govern media personnel and media objects in international and non-international armed conflict, and in violent emergency situations beneath the threshold of conflict, with a focus on international humanitarian law and human rights law. The legal characterisation of a violent situation has important implications for the status and treatment of media personnel, whether they are ‘war correspondents’, ‘embedded’ reporters, or independent journalists. This article reviews and clarifies the circumstances in which journalists and their equipment are protected from hostilities and when they may lose protection from attack; the measures of security, detention or restriction to which they may be subject; issues of professional privilege and confidentiality; and the perennial discussion about whether journalists should receive a special status and emblem in conflict situations." (Abstract)
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"Die Journalismustheorie hat bisher kein spezifisches Qualitätsmodell für die Krisen- und Kriegsberichterstattung vorgelegt, das Erkenntnisse aus der Journalismustheorie und aus der Konfliktforschung zusammenführt. Diese Lücke zu schließen war das Anliegen dieser Arbeit. Es hat sich gezeigt, da
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ss sich die Qualitätskriterien aus der journalismustheoretischen Debatte und die vorliegenden Entwürfe für einen Friedensjournalismus gut kombinieren lassen und beide voneinander profitieren. Die Bestimmung journalistischer Objektivität und Erkenntnisse der Wirkungsforschung bereichern Wahrheits- und Wirkungskonzepte der friedensjournalistischen Modelle, die eher von konflikttheoretischen Überlegungen geprägt sind. Deren konfliktanalytische Expertise befruchtet wiederum die Qualitätskonzepte der Journalismustheorie. Die Kriterien Wahrhaftigkeit, Richtigkeit, Relevanz und Vermittlung sind zentrale Punkte des journalismustheoretischen Diskurses. Sie werden mit Hilfe des Schlüsselkriteriums Konfliktsensitivität interpretiert, das den Kern der friedensjournalistischen Ansätze bildet. So lässt sich ein spezifisches Qualitätskonzept für die Krisen- und Kriegsberichterstattung entwerfen." (Resümee, Seite 253)
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"Live News: A Survival Guide for Journalists, is carefully tailored to help journalists to prepare themselves mentally, physically and psychologically before engaging on an assignment that can be very dangerous. The guiding tips provided in the text help to prepare the journalists mentally before, h
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e/she moves into a hostile environment or an area that he/she is not familiar with. In trying to bring the news “home” so many journalists have been killed in the process. Some are deliberately targeted, while others are killed in what is now termed as “friendly fire”. A lot more die in accident related cases or at times fall seriously ill while on such mission or sustain serious injuries through natural causes. Live News: A Survival Guide for Journalists tries to minimise such occurrences by giving survival tips to journalists who might find themselves in critical conditions." (Preface)
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"This in-depth investigation of the role that local news media play in Central African conflicts combines theoretical analysis with case studies from nine African countries: Burundi, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, the Republi
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c of Congo, and Rwanda. Each case study presents a comprehensive discussion of media influences during the various conflicts that have spread in the region and their impact on the peace process. Enriching the exploration, a chapter by Jean- Paul Marthoz (former director of information at Human Rights Watch) focuses on the ways in which the media in the global North cover crises on the African continent." (About the book, page 287)
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"One thousand journalists and support staff have died trying to report the news around the world in the past 10 years: an average of two a week. Only one in four news media staff died covering war and other armed conflicts. The great majority died in peacetime, working in their own countries. At lea
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st 657 men and women were murdered - eliminated as they tried to shine light into the dark recesses of their societies - and only one in eight of their killers were prosecuted. In two-thirds of cases the killers were not even identified, and probably never will be, underlining the absence of full and proper investigations when a journalist or other news professional is killed. The figures, compiled by INSI between January 1996 and June 2006, show it is virtually risk free to kill a journalist." (Executive summary, page 7)
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"Reportage ist leicht und schwierig zugleich. Mit einigen Regeln und der Reportage als Denkansatz im Kopf wird sie aber beherrschbar und planbar. In diesem Buch werden Beispiele von ARD, ZDF, RTL, SAT1, PRO7, VOX, Kabel 1 und arte besprochen. Schon an der Masse sieht man: Sich mit der Reportage zu b
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efassen, sie zu trainieren, lohnt sich. Dieses Buch gibt dazu viele Tipps und Tricks aus der Erfahrung zweier ausgewiesener Reporter-Naturen." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"This paper investigates occupational stressors amongst media personnel assigned to work on covering the Iraq War via interviews with 54 journalists from the BBC and Reuters, who worked in Iraq between February and April 2003. A range of stressors were identified that could be categorized into three
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main themes, control over the situation, support from management and grief from the death of colleagues. Journalists not embedded with military units were more likely to report negative physical and emotional health outcomes. The study concludes that hazardous work environments do not, by themselves, cause stress and poor job satisfaction. Rather, organizational factors, the imbalance between the ability to make decisions about how to carry out their job effectively and the perceived rewards of working in such environments appear to have a greater impact on work related stress." (Abstract)
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"Die deutsche Soziologin Kristina Isabel Schwarte zeichnet nach, wie US-Regierung und -Militär die Rahmenbedingungen für die Berichterstattung über den Vietnamkrieg und Interventionen im Irak seit 1991 beeinflussten. Schwarte beleuchtet die Informationspolitik und Propaganda-Strategien der Konfli
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ktparteien sowie die Veränderungen der Wahrnehmung von Kriegen in der Öffentlichkeit aufgrund der Möglichkeit von Live-Berichterstattung vom Kriegsschauplatz und Information über das Internet. Sie arbeitet heraus, wie das Militär über die Einbettung von JournalistInnen in Kampfverbände einen Solidarisierungseffekt zu erreichen sucht und mit ausgeklügelten Reglements die Kriegsberichterstattung manipuliert." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"For policy making, the 24/7 news cycle means high levels of exposure to fast-breaking international stories receiving global attention and producing a powerful 'do something!' effect. This topical book widens the debate beyond US media and policy making by considering the case of Western and Easter
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n European media and policy processes. It tests the wider application of existing theoretical approaches and provides useful comparisons, allowing the reader to draw conclusions on the media-policy relationship." (Publisher description)
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