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Öffentlich-rechtliche Ideale aus göttlicher Hand? Katholische Rundfunk-Netzwerke in Venezuela

Christine Lohmeier, Jairo Lugo-Ocando, Andrés Cañizález

Communicatio Socialis, volume 43, issue 2 (2010), pp. 148-161

"Mit den Rundfunknetzwerken der römisch-katholischen Kirche in Venezuela und der Frage, inwieweit Charakteristiken eines öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunkideals realisiert werden können, befasst sich dieser Beitrag. Die Hauptthese lautet, dass Rundfunk mit einem öffentlich-rechtlichen Anspruch in ... Venezuela nicht vom Staat, sondern durch andere Institutionen und Organisationen, wie zum Beispiel die römisch-katholische Kirche, wahrgenommen und ausgeübt wird. Im Gegensatz zu gängigen Erwartungen konzentrieren sich diese Anstalten nicht nur auf einen Missionsauftrag, sondern bieten in einigen Fällen öffentlich-rechtliche Inhalte, die westlichen Standards Stand halten. Radiosender wie zum Beispiel Fe y Alegría (Glaube und Freude) und Fernsehsender wie Niños Cantores del Zulia (NCTV) offerieren Programme, deren Inhalte in die von John Reith für die BBC definierten Aufgaben von Bildung, Information und Unterhaltung passen. Die katholische Kirche verfügt in Venezuela über ein weitläufiges Rundfunknetzwerk, das elf UKW- und Mittelwelle-Radiosender sowie einen Fernsehsender (NCTV) umfasst. Darüber hinaus arbeitet das Radionetzwerk Fe y Alegría mit zwanzig weiteren Sendern zusammen. Was diese Konstellation betrifft, ist Venezuela keineswegs ein Einzelfall. Allein in Lateinamerika besitzt die katholische Kirche eine hohe Anzahl an Print- und Rundfunkmedien. Auch andere mediale Unternehmungen wie familienorientierte Theater und Medien auf kommunaler Ebene gehören ihr oder werden finanziell unterstützt. In Bolivien galt die katholische Nachrichtenagentur Fides für lange Zeit als eine der wenigen glaubwürdigen Quellen. Dies trifft ebenso auf den chilenischen Fernsehsender Kanal 13 zu, der sich im Besitz der katholischen Kirche befindet. Allerdings scheinen öffentlich-rechtliche Inhalte vor allem in Venezuela umgesetzt zu werden. Radiostationen wie Fe y Alegría und La Voz de la Fe und Fernsehsender wie Niños Cantores del Zulia waren und sind auch heute noch von entscheidender Bedeutung im Hinblick auf die Umsetzung öffentlich-rechtlicher Rundfunkideale. Sie bringen familienorientierte Programme, fördern eine gemeinsame, landesweite Wertevorstellung, unterstützten Tausende (wenn nicht Hunderttausende) beim Erlernen von Lesen und Schreiben und vermitteln Wissen darüber, wie man das Land bearbeitet und ausgewogen und gesünder lebt." (Seite 148-149) more

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Informe del debate del anteproyecto de ley de radiodifusión estatal

Lima: Consejo Consultivo de Radio y Televisión (CONCORTV) (2009), 85 pp.

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Media on the Move: Migrants and Minorities and the Media. 4th Symposium Forum Medien Und Entwicklung (FoME)

Christoph Dietz, Petra Stammen (eds.)

Aachen: Catholic Media Council (CAMECO) (2009), 84 pp.

"The symposium focused in three sections on migration and ethnic minority media coverage within Africa, Asia, Latin America, the Middle East and South-Eastern Europe. Special attention was paid to concrete experiences regarding the strengthening of ethnic and diversity media and the potentials as we ... more

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Sistemas públicos de comunicação no mundo: Experiências de doze países e o caso brasileiro

Diogo Moyses Rodrigues, Flávia Azevedo, Jonas Chagas Lúcio Valente, Sivaldo Pereira da Silva

São Paulo: Paulus; Intervozes (2009), 333 pp.

"Como contribuição para o debate sobre sistemas públicos de comunicação, este livro traz um estudo das experiências de mídias públicas de doze países (Alemanha, Austrália, Canadá, Colômbia, Espanha, Estados Unidos, França, Itália, Japão, Reino Unido e Venezuela), assim como uma análi ... more

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African Media Barometer: Botswana 2009

Windhoek: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES); Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA) (2009), 70 pp.

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African Media Barometer: Moçambique 2009

Windhoek: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES); Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA) (2009), 56 pp., 64 pp.

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Media Management Manual: A Handbook for Television and Radio Practitioners in Countries-In-Transition
Key Guides

John Prescott Thomas

New Delhi: UNESCO (2009), 138 pp.

"[...] upon the request of a great number of developing countries media managers UNESCO has initiated this handbook. The manual is designed with a specific focus on Public Service Broadcasting, but it could be used by every interested individual or media practitioner. It’s a straightforward guide ... more

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Beyond Broadcasting: The Future of State-Owned Broadcasters in Southern Africa

Guy Berger

Fackson Banda; Jane Duncan; Rashweat Mukundu; Zenaida Machado (contrib.)

Grahamstown: Highway Africa, School of Journalism & Media Studies, Rhodes University; Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2009), 65 pp.

"Digital communications technology does many new things. Its spread means that it is no longer a case of a tiny minority of professionals and politicians having a monopoly on mass communication. Implicit in the observations of this report, is the recognition that - amongst other things - digitisatio ... n also disrupts old boundaries between inter-personal and mass communication. What used to be the subject of, or product of, communication between a few individuals, can increasingly be put into the public sphere. Much of this content remains personal in quality, despite it being public in availability. But there is also much that is of public interest. In some ways, this therefore threatens those institutions supposed to be specialising in public interest information. In other ways, it can help them not only reinforce this mission, but to also take a step towards expanding their role into becoming wider public interest content and commun-ications agencies. They can, in short, be the motive force that pulls personal conversations into focussing on journalism that is of common public interest. That image of leading the transformation of mass communication is, however, just one of the scenarios outlined in this report. The others point to lesser roles, even including extinction. It should be noted that scenarios are not predictions of the future, but attempts to highlight a range of possible options. They help guide action in one or other direction. The complication is that digitisation and all that comes with it can deal a surprise to even the best-considered scenario possibilities. Who would have thought that a search engine company (Google) could become such an effective player in the advertising arena? Or that newspaper newsrooms would start hiring video-capable staffers, or that some cell-phone companies would move into distributing content? Could anyone have guessed that a company like Twitter could attract and burn millions of dollars of investment without even a proper business plan about how it intends to make money? The digital revolution, if it is to succeed, needs to have top quality cadres in the newsrooms. In the face of these kinds of developments, it is tempting to throw up one’s hands and take a come-what-may approach. That’s preferable to the illusion of controlling and managing the process. At the same time, between these two extremes of paralysis and over-planning, there is a broad direction that can be identified and pursued. We may not know exactly where we are going, but - as this Report seeks to do - we can look at where we are and what’s immediately ahead. More fundamentally, however, there’s worth in remembering from whence we come. In other words, while looking at the present and near-present, and keeping an eye on what future scenarios we can imagine, we can hold onto our values. In the context of public broadcasting, these values are - in a nutshell - to focus mass communications on deepening democracy and development. These public interest values remain all the more valid in a time when the historical informational “service” model is being expanded to also function as a public interest communicational mode. Keeping these ideals aloft helps state-owned broadcasters steer a course between delivering government-interest and commercial-interest content. They help to define the meaning of universal access in the face of financial pressures and socio-economic divides. They empower people to see the big picture and to bring concerted action to bear on it. In sum, they help us reinvent “public service broadcasting” in a fashion appropriate to its contemporary possibilities. Roll on digitisation in Southern Africa - and the transformation of at least some state-owned broadcasters to become leaders in this process." ("Summing up", page 53-54) more

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The Power of Communication: Changes and Challenges in African Media

Kristin Skare Orgeret, Helge Rønning (eds.)

Oslo: Oslo Academic Press (2009), 362 pp.

"This book examines how the media in different parts of Africa plays an important role in the continent's political and social processes of change. The perspective of the book is comparative. It contains overviews of the role of communication, as well as case studies, of the situation in individual ... more

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Zimbabwe

Sarah Chiumbu

Johannesburg: Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa (OSISA); Africa Governance Monitoring and Advocacy Project (AfriMAP) (2009), x, 106 pp.

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African Media Barometer: Namibia 2009

Windhoek: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES); Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA) (2009), 74 pp.

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Guidelines for Broadcasters on Promoting User-Generated Content and Media and Information Literacy

Martin Scott

London; Paris: Commonwealth Broadcasting Association (CBA); UNESCO (2009), 58 pp.

"In 2008, the CBA and UNESCO published the results of a survey of 72 Commonwealth broadcasters which looked at the nature of user-generated content (UGC). It considered what use they make of UGC and their involvement in promoting media and information literacy (MIL). The survey identified a lack of ... more

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An Asia-Pacific Approach to Public Service Broadcasting: A Guidebook

José Maria G. Carlos (ed.)

Kuala Lumpur: Asia-Pacific Institute for Broadcasting Development (AIBD); Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2009), xiv, 165 pp.

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Broadcasting, Voice, and Accountability: A Public Interest Approach to Policy, Law, and Regulation
Deep Insights

Steve Buckley, Kreszentia Duer, Toby Mendel, Seán Ó Siochrú

Washington, DC: World Bank (2008), 402 pp.

"According to the introduction, this 'guide is intended as a tool for media reform particularly in developing and transitional democracies. At the same time, it should be useful anywhere people aspire to a deeper democracy. Building democracy is a process, often long-term, and promoting free, plural ... more

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Finding the Right Place on the Map: Central and Eastern European Media Change in a Global Perspective

Karol Jakubowicz, Miklós Sükösd (eds.)

Bristol: intellect (2008), 301 pp.

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Divided They Fall: Public Service Broadcasting in Multiethnic States

Sandra Basic-Hrvatin, Mark Thompson, Tarik Jusic (eds.)

Kanita Halilovic (transl.)

Sarajevo: Mediacentar (2008), 205 pp.

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The Public Broadcasting System in B-H: Between Ethnic Exclusivity and Long Term Sustainability

Amer Dzihana

Sarajevo: Open Society Fund Bosnia-Herzegovina (2008), 29 pp.

"One of the purposes of this paper is to examine the issue of reform and creation of a sustainable public broadcasting system of Bosnia-Herzegovina from the aspect of exercise of ethnic rights and equality of each of the B-H constituent peoples and citizens, but also to point to other elements - leg ... more

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You Call This a Media Market? The Role of the State in the Media Sector in Slovenia

Sandra B. Hrvatin, Brankica Petkovic

Ljubljana: Peace Institute (2008), 200 pp.

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Television Across Europe: More Channels, Less Independence. Follow-up Reports 2008
Deep Insights

Budapest: Open Society Institute (OSI), EU Monitoring and Advocacy Program (EUMAP) (2008), 456 pp.

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Ten Years for Media Freedom: An OSCE Anniversary

Arnaud Amouroux (ed.)

Vienna: Office of the Representative on Freedom of the Media Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) (2008), 176 pp.

Media Management Manual: A Handbook for Television and Radio Practitioners in Countries-In-Transition Key Guides

Broadcasting, Voice, and Accountability: A Public Interest Approach to Policy, Law, and Regulation Deep Insights

Television Across Europe: More Channels, Less Independence. Follow-up Reports 2008 Deep Insights

Media Management Manual: A Handbook for Television and Radio Practitioners in Countries-In-Transition
Key Guides

Broadcasting, Voice, and Accountability: A Public Interest Approach to Policy, Law, and Regulation
Deep Insights

Television Across Europe: More Channels, Less Independence. Follow-up Reports 2008
Deep Insights