"Los objetivos de la investigación emprendidad son: [...] identificar a) los niveles que alcanzan en la emisiones radiofónicas la participación popular, la integración territorial y la identidad cultural de la nación; b) las posibles políticas y cursos de acción para crear, ampliar y/o mejora
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r sus niveles, lo mismo que para promover la solidaridad social; c) líneas de capacitación para comunicadores populares con vistas a ampliar su participación y la de sus mensajes en las emisoras de difusión masiva. Para alcanzar los objetivos se analizaron 579 horas de programación, equivalentes a cuatro días completos, de ocho emisoras en todo el país [...] Así resultaron elegidos las siguientes emisroas: Radio Rivadavia (Buenos Aires), Radio Universidad (Córdoba), Radio Junín (Junín, Prov. Buenos Aires), Radio Mocoví (Charata, Chaco), Radio Provincia de Corrientes (Corrientes), Radio Guaraní (Curuzú-Cuatiá), Radiodifusora Santiago de Estero y Radio Nacional Santiago de Estero." (Página 33-35)
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"Instead of describing typical systems in their entirety ...," says Head in his foreword, "I decided to organize the text on the basis of the common problems faced by all systems" to show the basic, universal demands and dilemmas they all must face as each interacts with its particular national sett
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ing. His purpose is to enable students, after allowances for limitations imposed by national settings, to appraise the system critically by comparing reality with the ideal possibilities. Thus, he discusses, in terms of the various systems, their origins, their politics of both ownership and access, their laws, regulation, economics, facilities, programming and programs, audience research, transborder broadcasting, and broadcasting and freedom. Although intended as a text, this has much wider uses." (Eleanor Blum, Frances G. Wilhoit: Mass media bibliography. 3rd ed. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1990 Nr. 652)
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"Mientras la prensa es mediata, la radio es inmediata. Puede estar al pie de la noticia en cualquier momento y podemos recibir su mensaje casi sin limitaciones, porque el transistor y las baterías no nos obligan a depender de la energía eléctrica. Lo anterior nos hace pensar que la radio requiere
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, día a díá, más gente preparada en su manejo, mejores especialistas en cada una de sus manifestaciones y auténticos místicos de una profesión, tan llena de expectativas, de futuro y de grandes realizaciones. La competencia de Ja radio frente a los otros medios, es primordialmente dar, cada vez, más y mejor servicio. Y antes que disputarse un determinado público, le brinda a éste un complemento y una mayor ampliación de la cultura, la información y la distracción. El principal objetivo de este libro es poder brindar a quienes se interesen por la radio una información lo más completa posible sobre sü funcionamiento, su manejo, sus incidencias como medio de comunicación y las diferentes alternativas que brinda en el plano profesional." (Introducción, página 9)
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"The three studies contained in this volume trace the emergence of 'community media' in Western society—specifically new approaches to broadcasting and electronic media in North America and Western Europe [...] The orientation of the studies is not purely towards research, though where research ha
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s been done, it is utilized. Rather, their purpose is to collect, analyse and synthesize as large a volume as possible of current initiatives in the field of methods adopted, problems experienced, solutions found, new questions posed. In this kind of review, various dimensions are relevant. There is, first, the conceptual level—the objectives for which the media are used or with which they are associated. Are they used primarily for educational purposes, for enlarging the range of available study materials? Are their purposes mainly social, creating and enhancing processes of community development? Or are they seen as serving psychological ends, by allowing for the fuller expression of individual and group personalities? Second, there is the technological or organizational aspect. For example, are media used at the local level also linked to a national system of information distribution, as in the access programmes of some national networks, which allow the layman to participate in producing television programmes? Are they associated more with local radio or cable television? Or are they a form of video animation, based on portable cameras and recorders, perhaps with very limited distribution? Third, there is the descriptive, social and political level. What is being attempted with community media in different countries? How do these countries differ in cultural attitude, or in prescriptions for social or economic growth?" (Preface)
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"Foreign programmes of 13 radio stations broadcasting daily to Yugoslavia were chosen in order to test the initial hypothesis of ideological determination of external radio propaganda, which was operationalized by a set of subhypotheses. There are, in fact, 15 foreign broadcasting stations in 14 cou
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ntries regularly beaming their daily programmes to Yugoslavia in the languages of the Yugoslav nations, but two of them were not included in the analysis because of monitoring difficulties (Radio Madrid) and because the content was too specific (Radio Vatican). The week between Sunday, 9 September and Saturday, 15 September 1973 was chosen for the content analysis of 13 foreign radio programmes in the Serbo-Croat language, a total amount of 7,700 minutes. In addition, External Services of Radio Belgrade (Yugoslavia) were included in the analysis in order to compare foreign programmes with the Yugoslav ones. The findings of this empirical research confirm the significance of the ideological dimension of propaganda, which stood out in the sample of radio propaganda stations as a particular factor having the largest discriminatory power (the “ideological factor” explained the largest part of common variance in the five-dimensional factor space). The frequency of appearance of symbols, the fact that they either appear or do not, and particularly their explicit evaluation in the analysed messages, are those basic characteristics of propaganda which make it possible to distinguish clearly between various sorts of propaganda on the basis of its value and prescriptive orientation. The results indicate a class-ideological determination of foreign radio programmes, in which the stations of the socialist countries do not coincide with the evaluative orientation of Radio Belgrade, as representative of the Yugoslav media. The analysis revealed five typical clusters of broadcasting stations, three generated by western and two by eastern stations: (1) Moscow and Sofia, (2) Peking and Tirana, (3) Deutsche Welle and Deutschlandfunk, (4) BBC, Paris, and Voice of America, (5) Athens and Voice of Turkey." (Conclusion, page 48)
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"Mettre la radio au service de l'éducation des adultes dans les zones rurales, telle a été l'une des principales tâches de l'Unesco - Une méthode a été mise au point au Canada, celle de la tribune radiophonique rurale - Elle fut utilisée en Inde - Le présent ouvrage relate comment on est pa
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ssé du stade expérimental à l'action d'envergure dans l'Inde pour la préparation de campagnes similaires en Afrique ou ailleurs - La première partie comme le titre l'indique est consacrée à l'extension de la tribune radiophonique rurale à toute l'Inde, tandis que la seconde traite de la formation des spécialistes de la radiodiffusion en Afrique." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countries. Brussels: CIDESA, 1971 Nr. 272, topic code 210.330)
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"One of the main tasks of Unesco has been to utilise radio for adult education in rural areas - One method has been developed in Canada, that of the rural radio service - It has also been used in India - The present work describes the transition from the experimental stage to largescale application
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in India, for the preparation of similar campaigns in Africa or elsewhere - As the title indicates, the first part is devoted to the extension of the rural radio service to the whole of India, while the second part deals with the training of radio experts in Africa." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countries. Brussels: CIDESA, 1971 Nr. 273, topic code 210.330)
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