"This knowledge brief showcases RNW Media's experience with online community moderation. It explains what community moderation means, why we believe it is an essential component of our Citizens' Voice programme, and the strategies we have developed together with our moderators to guide them in the w
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ork they do and the decisions they need to make. Also, we present results from research that we conducted on three of our communities to test the effectiveness of our approach. Lastly, our moderators working in Burundi, DRC and Mali share their experience and insights, showing how moderation goes in practice. They talk about the secret of being a good moderator and share the challenges they experience in their daily work. Citizens' Voice is active in Burundi, China, DRC, Egypt, Libya, Mali and Yemen and focuses on social cohesion and inclusive governance. Applying a user-centred approach and persuasive storytelling, Citizens' Voice creates and maintains digital platforms offering safe spaces where young women and men from across political, ethnic, racial, regional or religious divides can come together in a way which is often impossible in the offline space. In-country teams create multi-media content relevant to the local context to attract and engage young people via a variety of digital channels. Through moderated discussions, they encourage disparate groups to voice their opinions on issues of common interest both online and offline. To achieve impact, Citizens' Voice aims to engage the broadest possible spectrum of stakeholders at all levels." (Introduction)
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"Navrangi Re! (Nine To A Shade), a 26–episode television drama series was created to take the discussion on e Faecal Sludge Management (FSM) to mainstream audiences, beyond the domain of infrastructure and technology. It was the result of a unique partnership between a donor (the Bill & Melinda Ga
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tes Foundation), a commercial media network (Viacom18), an academic institution (Centre for Social & Behavior Change, Ashoka University), an evaluation partner (Oxford Policy Management), and a global media brand with proven social and behaviour change communication expertise (BBC Media Action). Navrangi Re! is the story of an urban neighbourhood – a mohalla – where lots of different people live cheek by jowl, and through the trials and tribulations of life in an urban jungle, find ways to overcome this constant crisis mode that has become normalised. The mohalla is a creative device to accommodate an entire socio–economic microcosm, with different families occupying different points on the sanitation value chain [...] The evaluation results of Navrangi Re! demonstrate the power of narratives in making the invisible, visible – in bringing attention to critical, silent and complex social problems. They also validate the science, art and craft used in BBC Media Action’s narrative ‘engagement’ model – a) rooting the storytelling in research and theory, b) a commitment to an immersive creative approach and c) an unwavering focus on ‘entertainment first’. The results also show that it is possible for narratives to walk the tightrope between outcomes and audience ratings to achieve change. There is strong evidence that an insight–based Theory of Change combined with all the ingredients that make compelling drama helped Navrangi Re! deliver on the twin challenges of achieving Television Rating Points (TRPs) week after week and demonstrating impact. The results shine the light on the need for innovative partnerships. Crafting partnerships that bring together donors, private sector platforms, academia, research and storytellers is the need of the hour. In a post–Covid world, different stakeholders need to convene more of these partnerships to leverage the power of narrative for stronger societies." (Pages 2-14)
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"The media can play a positive role in peacebuilding/conflict prevention. Recognition of this has led to increasing programmes on media/communications and peacebuilding, with common interventions including training of journalists, and development of pro-peace programme content. However, there are si
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gnificant challenges in designing and implementing such programmes, and even more in evaluation. While some interventions have generated positive results (e.g. reduced election-related violence), evidence is limited and it is hard to make causal links between interventions and impact. This highlights the need for more research." (Summary, page 2)
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"Als die Tonstudios, 1963, noch voll verkabelt sind, beginnt Klaus Jürgen Schmidt, sich durch die Strukturen der Öffentlich-Rechtlichen zu schlagen. Die biografische Erzählung ist ein Einblick hinter die Kulissen von Radio Bremen, aber auch in das Leben des Autors, der immer wieder für sein Idea
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l des Journalismus kämpft. Zahlreiche Anekdoten schildern humorvoll Schmidts Weg vom Tontechniker zum Gründer der Radio Bridge Overseas in Zimbabwe. »Stimmen des Südens für Ohren im Norden« war Idee des Projektes, das afrikanischen Rundfunk-Autoren half, der Welt ihre eigenen Geschichten zu erzählen. Zu Hause gab es dafür eine »Brücken-Sperre«, dennoch bleibt für ihn öffentlich-rechtlicher Rundfunk Voraussetzung für die Möglichkeit, den Horizont sowohl der Stimmen als auch der Hörer zu erweitern und zwar abseits von passgenauen Stücken und unsozialen Netzwerken." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"Dieses Handbuch trägt den aktuellen Stand der wissenschaftlichen Auseinandersetzung mit dem Thema Fundraising in Deutschland, Schweiz und Österreich zusammen. Erkenntnisse und Kennzahlen werden praxisorientiert aufbereitet. Ausgewiesene Experten, die sich sowohl wissenschaftlich als auch praktisc
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h mit zentralen Fragen der Mittelbeschaffung auseinandersetzen, teilen ihre Erkenntnisse zu strategischen und operativen Fragen des Fundraising bei Privatpersonen, Unternehmen und Stiftungen. Für die zweite Auflage wurde das Handbuch um Beiträge zu aktuellen Themen wie CSR, agile Führung, Digitalisierung und insbesondere im Bereich Online-Fundraising erweitert." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"This book brings together academic and activist work on community media, feminist, decolonial, and indigenous perspectives to digital activism, including Free and Open Communication in Latin America. The essays in this collection speak to major changes over the past decade that are reshaping digita
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l media uses and practices. The case studies presented here question many commonly held assumptions around global media ownership, sustainability, and access relevant to countries beyond Latin American contexts." (Publisher description)
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"The review found that while there is a growing global body of evidence around effective education programming to prevent child sexual exploitation and abuse (CSEA), much of the available evidence is from high income countries (HICs) and largely focuses on programmes which address offline rather tha
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n online abuse. The evidence that does exist on prevention of online CSEA is also from HICs, is of low quality overall and tends to focus on whether the intervention enhanced knowledge rather than changed behaviour. Further, as Internet use amongst children varies between high income and low income countries, it is important to be cautious in applying lessons learned across different contexts. Although online and offline CSEA are closely linked, it was also found that there is often an artificial division, with programmes tending to look at only online or only offline CSEA. Therefore, there is limited evidence of how programmes impact on both online and offline CSEA. In the East Asia and Pacific region, the evidence base on what works to tackle CSEA in education programming is at an early stage in scope and scale. Few comprehensive assessments or evaluations of education programmes tackling CSEA have taken place and/or are publicly available. It is also unclear whether majority of existing interventions are being evaluated and whether they were designed using evidence-informed theories of change methodology. Despite the constraints faced, this review draws on promising global and regional practice, emerging lessons and findings from available data on online risks, to highlight key factors to consider in the development of effective educational materials in East Asia and the Pacific." (Executive summary)
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"In Rwanda, Save the Children collaborated with Education and Culture Ministries, publishing industry stakeholders, schools, book sellers and libraries in order to strengthen existing systems and increase output and availability of quality local language children’s books. This ‘whole chain’ ap
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proach addresses every step of a book’s journey from authorship to child and emphasizes the need for sustainable, profitable industries which will guarantee availability of local-language, contextually relevant reading materials to support a culture of reading in the long term." (Page 2)
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"This book presents five cases that reflect on the experiences of using practices consistent with the 'Evaluating C4D framework' [published by June Lennie and Jo Tacchi in 2013]. Case studies are important to help move from a set of ideal principles to an understanding of how the framework may be op
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erationalized within the actual realities of development institutions, organizations, and communities. The authors of each chapter focus on a few key principles from the framework and contextualize how they interpreted those principles in relation to various methods, models, and projects. As well as showing the usefulness and opportunities, they illustrate the challenges of balancing the various principles as well as real-world practical needs." (Overview of the book, page 10)
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"El presente documento recoge la sistematización de la experiencia de adaptación de los medios de comunicación comunitaria de la red CORAPE (Coordinadora de Medios Populares y Educativos) a una nueva manera de hacer radio durante la emergencia sanitaria COVID-19, y cómo logró implementar, en po
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cas semanas, el proyecto educomunicacional Pasaporte Educativo, dirigido a la atención de familias, niñas, niños y adolescentes de comunidades indígenas, rurales y urbanas del país, a través de una alianza estratégica con el Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (UNICEF). El objetivo de este producto es documentar esa experiencia y compartir con los comunicadores y medios de comunicación públicos, privados y comunitarios cómo se desarrolló todo el proceso. Proceso que fue exitoso, en gran parte, gracias a los atributos propios de la comunicación comunitaria, como la participación, el contacto cercano con la comunidad y el trabajo en minga. Por otra parte, el documento muestra que la comunicación con un enfoque social, en este caso de atención a la infancia, puede implementarse de manera emergente con excelentes resultados, si existe la voluntad y el compromiso de personas e instituciones." (Presentación)
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"The book contains 85 chapters written by persons who have been on those frontlines of communication and development [...] A variety of case studies appear in the book. For example, Kriss Barker and Fatou Jah – in a chapter titled “Entertainment-Education in Radio: Three Case Studies from Africa
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” – explore in detail projects in Nigeria, Burundi and Burkina Faso that used a communication intervention approach advanced by the Population Media Center. Other chapters in the Handbook take the reader to Spain, Kenya, South Africa, Kazakhstan, and beyond. Song Shi examines “ICTs and Modernization in China,” revealing that assumptions and theories of the modernization paradigm have significantly influenced the policies and projects on ICT4D in contemporary China. And, Song Shi writes, discussion on the potential of other approaches in ICT4D in China has also emerged among scholars. Hina Ayaz discusses the “Multiplicity Approach in Participatory Communication” in Pakistan – wherein the country adopted the Global Polio Eradication Initiative – only to run into negative perceptions and banning of polio vaccinations. However, a shift to a more successful approach, grounded in UNICEF’s social mobilization and communityinvolvement communication strategy, brought significant success. While many of the Handbook case studies incorporate participation as a significant development factor, they also address a wide range of social and political issues including, for example, civic engagement, sexual harassment, empowerment, and community voices. In addition to an abundance of case studies from around the world, the Handbook delves into various research methods that are being used to understand and design communication for development and social change interventions [...] Handbook editor Jan Servaes' own chapter (with Rico Lie), “Key Concepts, Disciplines, and Fields in Communication for Development and Social Change ” identifies five clusters of concepts and practices that are evident in the field today and which determine the activities and approaches in communication for sustainable development and social change interventions: The clusters are (1) a normative cluster of concepts; (2) a cluster of concepts that sets an important context for communication activities for development; (3) a cluster of strategic and methodological concepts; (4) a cluster of concepts that relate to methods, techniques, and tools; and (5) a cluster of concepts that addresses the practices of advocacy, (participatory) monitoring and evaluation, and impact assessment. The authors extend their discussion into three subdivisions: (1) health communication, (2) agricultural extension and rural communication, and (3) environmental communication (including climate change communication). This leads the reader into issues related to (1) right to communicate; (2) education and learning; (3) innovation, science, and technology; (4) natural resource management; (5) food security; (6) poverty reduction; (7) peace and conflict; (8) children and youth, women, and senior citizens; and (9) tourism. Some of the forerunners of development communication have not been forgotten. In “Daniel Lerner and the Origins of Development Communication”, Hemant Shah links Lerner’s 1958 book Passing of Traditional Society to today’s modernization and faith in technology to solve social problems. Also contributing to the foundation of this field is Paulo Freire who contributed much to idea that participation should be a vital part of the development dialogue. Ana Fernández-Aballí Altamirano’s chapter on "The Importance of Paulo Freire to Communication for Development and Social Change" highlights his main work Pedagogy of the Oppressed as a "before-and-after" in the fields of education, research, and communication, initially in Latin America and later in both North and South. Particularly in the case of development communication and communication for social change, the author stresses, Freire’s work had a definitive impact ..." (Review by Royal Donald Colle, Journal of Development Communication, vol. 30 (2), page 92-94)
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"Welche Qualität haben Medien? Sind sie es »wert«, ausgezeichnet zu werden? Nachdem es in den 1960er Jahren sensationell war, mit dem Grimme-Preis Qualität im Fernsehen zu würdigen, kam als große Innovation vor 20 Jahren der Grimme Online Award hinzu, um hochwertige Internetangebote auszuzeich
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nen – und seit zehn Jahren würdigt der Deutsche Radiopreis Qualität und Stärken von Hörfunkprogrammen. Die Beitragenden des Bandes beleuchten erstmals übergreifend die Hintergründe rund um Qualität und Medien aus Sicht des Grimme-Instituts, mit Blick auf seine Jurys sowie aus wissenschaftlicher Warte." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"In June 2020, MDIF conducted a survey of 36 Myanmar media outlets to gather information about the impact of COVID-19 on their businesses between March and May. They represent a mix of national media, as well as local media from the ethnic states and regions. Their operations are of various sizes: t
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hree media have 70-150 staff, 7 have 20-69, and 26 have 1-19. All the media surveyed felt the impact of COVID-19 almost immediately. Not surprisingly, as this has generally been the experience of media worldwide, commercial revenue decline was often dramatic: half of the survey respondents reported more than a 75% drop in income. Thirty-two of the 36 respondents had advertising revenue prior to the start of the pandemic, and all of them reported that it was negatively affected. All 19 media with print products were obliged to either reduce or even halt production. In response to collapsing revenues, 31 of the 36 survey respondents instituted spending cuts between March and May including, in some cases, cutting salaries and staff. Even as they reeled from the economic impact, Myanmar media also had to adapt their working environments. All the media surveyed quickly instituted work from home practices or else established social distancing in their offices and provided protective equipment for their staff. At the same time, more than half of the media reported having to contend with safety and security challenges. These came in the form of restrictions on movement, websites being blocked, on and offline surveillance, staff harassment and arrests. In common with media in other countries, one bright spot in this bleak picture has been audience growth. MDIF’s survey found that almost all media saw both their digital audiences, and audience engagement, increase. This had a positive knock-on effect for the media, with 30 respondents reporting that during this period they were able to strengthen their digital skills and knowledge due to the increased focus on their online content. The good news that 21 of the 31 respondents that sought emergency funding during the survey period obtained it, is tempered by the reality that the impact of COVID-19 has been deep and will be long lasting. The future for media in Myanmar is precarious." (Introduction)
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"This SSHAP Case Study illustrates how the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) worked in 2006-07 to support the Indonesian government in response to avian influenza outbreaks. The agency provided social mobilisation and education programmes to schools and villages in affected communities and p
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rovided media relations support and training for Indonesian journalists. Learning from this case study can be used by public health officials and response workers to further their understanding on how to coordinate interactions with affected communities during similar events." (Page 1)
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"[...] in this whitepaper we hear from a range of experts, journalists and charities about their efforts to increase diversity in the media, the research they’ve produced, and why it should matter to all of us: readers, listeners, viewers and journalists alike." (Introduction)
"The Mothers Union (MU) was beginning to feel its age. Founded 140 years ago it had grown into a social movement of more than 4 million members. But in many places their members felt it had become increasingly inward-looking and ineffective. A radically participative theory of change process, called
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MULOA (Mothers’ Union Listening, Observing and Acting), that listened to over 200,000 people in 36 countries between 2017 and 2019, helped breathe new life into this global movement. The learning from this experience has significant implications for development actors, whether faith-based or secular. MULOA showed it is possible to listen at scale. Theory of Change does not have to be a top-down, office-based, process. Participatory activities created safe spaces for mind and heart dialogue, engaging deeply with people’s emotions and faith to catalyse personal transformation. Changes in individual members catalysed major shifts in MU’s identity, strategy, structures and ways of working. It created a member-led evidence base for MU global strategy that reflected localised priorities. Together with concurrent shifts in MU governance, MULOA contributed to a genuine shift towards a more truly global and interconnected movement. Becoming a more listening, trusting and strategic organisation has since proved vital in helping MU be more agile and adaptable in responding to the COVID-19 crisis." (Introduction, page 3)
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"Partiendo de la premisa de que se puede y se debe empoderar a la ciudadanía si se mejora la producción, el consumo y la circulación de la información, este informe analiza en profundidad dos cuestiones: ¿Qué instrumentos, iniciativas y políticas actuales ayudan a la ciudadanía a formarse un
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mejor criterio a la hora de consumir información? ¿Cómo transmitir mejor a los responsables de formulación de políticas y los profesionales enfoques sistémicos que les permitan hacer frente a largo plazo a la desinformación? Para responder a estas preguntas, la investigación se centra en el análisis de cinco casos de iniciativas puestas en marcha por diversos actores que tratan de hacer frente al problema de la desinformación desde una perspectiva multidimensional." (Resumen ejecutivo, página 9)
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"This article refutes dominant views that define evangelical indigenous media as intrinsic tools for religious indoctrination. The case of the Colombian Misak community shows that evangelical radio stations can contribute to community building. However, the degree of the positive or negative contrib
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ution of evangelical media depends on the dominance of evangelical presence at indigenous localities. The rapid expansion of indigenized evangelical groups via the provision of social services has radicalized Evangelicals against views different from their own. As a result, these evangelical media are progressively leaving their role as promoters of positive social change to become tools for religious indoctrination." (Abstract)
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