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Journals
Output Type
Social Media and Conflict in Nigeria: A Lexicon of Hate Speech Terms
Washington, DC: PeaceTech Lab (2018), 40 pp.
"PeaceTech Lab developed a Lexicon of Hate Speech Terms in Nigeria, combining cutting-edge social media analysis with in-country expertise to identify both the terms likely to incite violence and their social and political context. The Lexicon, published in April 2018, also identifies alternative la
...
Network Propaganda: Manipulation, Disinformation, and Radicalization in American Politics
New York, NY: Oxford University Press (2018), ix, 462 pp.
"Analysing millions of news stories together with Twitter and Facebook shares, broadcast television and YouTube, the book provides a comprehensive overview of the architecture of contemporary American political communications. Through data analysis and detailed qualitative case studies of coverage o
...
Social Media and Conflict in Cameroon: A Lexicon of Hate Speech Terms
Washington, DC: PeaceTech Lab; Local Youth Corner Cameroon (2018), 43 pp.
"PeaceTech Lab undertook extensive research to understand the role that online hate speech plays in the ongoing crisis. Rooted in a series of focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with expert insights from local Cameroonians, Social Media and Conflict in Cameroon, published in October 2018
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The Oxygen of Amplification: Better Practices for Reporting on Extremists, Antagonists, and Manipulators Online
Data & Society Research Institute (2018), 128 pp.
"Part One, 'In Their Own Words: Trolling, Meme Culture, and Journalists’ Reflections on the 2016 US Presidential Election,' provides a historical overview of the relationship between the news media and far-right manipulators during the 2016 US presidential election. Part Two, 'At a Certain Point Y
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Online Hate Speech in the European Union: A Discourse-Analytic Perspective
Springer (2017), viii, 90 pp.
"The central objective of this volume has been to show that legislation against hate speech in the EU may be an effective first step towards combatting the phenomenon, but it might not be adequate on its own to contain the present situation. This is because hate speech has multiple ways of being exp
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We Can! Taking Action Against Hate Speech Through Counter and Alternative Narratives
Cork: Primento Digital Publishing, revised ed. (2017), 156 pp.
"WE CAN! is the latest addition to our toolbox against hate. The most damaging examples of hate speech are often grounded in simple stories, which are repeated over and over again in different forms. The migrants “taking our jobs” narrative, for example. Or the consistent claim, made by radicals
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Verhasste Vielfalt: Eine Analyse von Hate Speech im Raum von Kirche und Diakonie mit Kommentierungen
Hannover: Studienzentrum der EKD für Genderfragen in Kirche und Theologie; creo-media (2017), 182 pp.
"Die vorliegende Studie gliedert sich in einen einführenden Teil, in dem das Phänomen Hate Speech dargestellt ist, und einen empirischen Teil, in dem Äußerungen mit thematischen Bezug zu „Gender“, „Homosexualität“ sowie „Flucht und Islam“ im kirchlichen und diakonischen Rahmen analy
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Guía para combatir el discurso de odio
Madrid: Fundación Secretariado Gitano (FSG) (2017), 19 pp.
"Esta guía elaborada por la Fundación Secretariado Gitano (FSG) tiene como objetivo principal ofrecer orientaciones a las organizaciones que trabajan por la igualdad de trato y la no discriminación, a agentes clave y a la ciudadanía, sobre qué es el discurso de odio y cómo combatirlo más efic
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Online Harassment of Journalists in Hungary: Forms, Coping Mechanisms and Consequences for Press Freedom
Vienna: International Press Institute (IPI) (2017), 25 pp.
"This report identifies eight basic types of harassment present in Hungary: rhetorical aggression; trolling; bullying; threats; public shaming; violation of personal privacy; cyber attacks and site hacking; and malicious social media activity. The study found that the most common types of online har
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Hass im Internet: Zivilitätsverluste in der digitalen Kommunikation
Communicatio Socialis, volume 50, issue 3 (2017), pp. 318-333
"Menschenfeindliche und rassistische Äußerungen (Hate Speech) gegenüber religiösen und ethnischen Gruppen im Internet haben sich weltweit massiv ausgebreitet. Das Internet ist weniger ein Ort der multikulturellen Begegnung als des aggressiven Kulturkampfes mit weitreichenden Folgen für gesellsc
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"The Saudi state has permitted government-appointed religious scholars and clerics and government institutions to refer to religious minorities such as Shia in derogatory terms or demonize them in official documents and religious rulings. In addition, in recent years, government-appointed clerics ha
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Manifestations of Online Hate Speech: Reports on Antisemitic, Antiziganistic, Homophobic and Anti-Muslim Hate Speech
Amsterdam: International Network Against Cyber Hate (INACH) (2017), 232 pp.
"The aim of this report is to illustrate, on the basis of online hate speech examples from six countries - Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands and Spain -, patterns of cyber hate against four communities. The topics that will be subsequently analysed are: antisemitism, antiziganism, h
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When Media is Used to Incite Violence: The United Nations, Genocide, and Atrocity Crimes
"Adama Dieng and Simona Cruciani articulate how hate speech is defined, and draw out its possible consequences. Dieng makes the distinction between hate speech and incitement. Incitement is a very dangerous form of hate speech that can trigger violence and, in some instances, atrocity crimes and eve
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Hate Spin: The Manufacture of Religious Offense and its Threat to Democracy
Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press (2016), xviii, 308 pp.
"Outbreaks of religious intolerance are usually assumed to be visceral and spontaneous. But in 'Hate Spin', Cherian George shows that they often involve sophisticated campaigns manufactured by political opportunists to mobilize supporters and marginalize opponents. Right-wing networks orchestrate th
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New Social Media and Politics in Thailand: The Emergence of Fascist Vigilante Groups on Facebook
ASEAS - Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies, volume 9, issue 2 (2016), pp. 215-233
"Since 2010, Facebook has become a battleground between competing political camps in Thailand. Facebook groups like the Social Sanction group, tellingly abbreviated as SS, and the Rubbish Collector Organization, which was founded in 2014 and has attracted more than 200,000 members, have played a cru
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"Instead of seeking to provide an objective definition of hate speech, the paper’s empirical approach highlights that context matters. More specifically, analysis of the political and socio-economic context in which the speech act occurs and consideration of the nature of the speaker and audience
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Online/social media as a pathway towards violent extremism in East Africa
Birmingham: GSDRC, University of Birmingham (2016), 15 pp.
"Key findings include: The Internet can play a role in the radicalisation process; There are few examples of individuals radicalising entirely online, but there are signs that this could increase over time; There is less evidence of the internet’s role in recruitment to terrorist networks or the u
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Hate Speech and Democratic Citizenship
Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press (2016), xiii, 248 pp.
"Contrary to dominant views within international law and institutions, it is never democratically legitimate to punish citizens solely for repulsive or dangerous viewpoints expressed within public discourse. With the controversial exception of the US, however, most states prohibit some forms of raci
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Incitement in Media Content and Political Discourse in EU Member States
Vienna: European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) (2016), 16 pp.
"This European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) contribution to the second Annual Colloquium on Fundamental Rights provides a snapshot of manifestations of incitement in media content and political discourse against different groups in EU member states. It outlines the European and internat
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