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Mapping Digital Media: Slovakia

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2013), 89 pp.

Mapping Digital Media: Pakistan

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2013), 113 pp.
"Pakistan has long suffered from high inflation, led by soaring food prices, which has increased poverty levels. According to the United Nations’ 2011 Human Development Report, half the population suffers deprivations of all types. Only half is literate. Even then there are only 12 million televis ... more

The Business of Media in Myanmar

Washington, DC, Arcata, Calif.: Internews (2013), 22 pp.

Mapping Digital Media: Estonia

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2013), 84 pp.
"Estonians have demonstrated a keen appetite for digital media uptake. More than three-quarters of the population accesses the internet regularly, and more than half of those are active on social networking platforms. Recent surveys suggest that nearly a quarter of internet users now connect via sma ... more

Mapping Digital Media: Kazakhstan

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2013), 114 pp.
"The story of Kazakhstani media is of two contrasting dynamics: the increasingly controlled and innovation-shy offline space, and the vibrant, less-restricted digital environment. The rise of digital media has yielded benefits for citizens and democracy, albeit these are limited by the dominance of ... more

Understanding Media Economics

Los Angeles; London: Sage, 2nd ed. (2013), xii, 216 pp.
"In line with the rapidly evolving digital media landscape, this second and fully revised edition of Understanding Media Economics moves beyond the convention of a sector-specific approach to analysis of media economics, and instead offers a framework focused on key themes and imperatives that, in t ... more
"Kommunikative Grenzüberschreitungen finden auch im Hinblick auf Marktstrukturen und Managementstrategien von Medienunternehmen statt. Bei solchen grenzüberschreitenden Aktivitäten stehen aus medienökonomischer Perspektive strukturelle Zusammenhänge zwischen Beschaffungs- und Absatzmärkten sow ... more

Mapping Digital Media: South Africa

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2012), 120 pp.
"Developments in digital media in South Africa are densely intertwined with political factors. The Government has sought to be the driver of digitization, but it has also caused repeated delays in digital roll-out. In addition, the Government has had contradictory interests such as promoting competi ... more

Mapping Digital Media: Argentina

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2012), 100 pp.

Mapping Digital Media: Lebanon

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2012), 99 pp.
"Thanks to digital media, Lebanon’s residents have access to a variety of news platforms, from 24-hour cable channels to internet sites and text message services. Despite easy access to Al Jazeera, Al Arabiya, CNN, BBC, and others through subscriptions to pirated cable bundles or satellite receive ... more

Mapping Digital Media: Turkey

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2012), 81 pp.

Mapping Digital Media: Albania

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2012), 91 pp.
"According to the ITU, the percentage of the population with internet access rose from 0.1 in 2000 to over 43 in 2010. The number doubled between 2008 and 2010. The report calls for the Digital Strategy to be finalized without further delay, and then implemented. Broadcasting regulation should be am ... more

Mapping Digital Media: Hungary

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2012), 108 pp.

Mapping Digital Media: Macedonia

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2012), 86 pp.

Mapping Digital Media: Nigeria

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2012), 94 pp.
"Only 40 percent of Nigerians had access to a television in 2008 according to the International Telecommunication Union, and radio is still the dominant medium, reaching three-quarters of households. Both commercial and state broadcasters favor urban audiences and those in the south of the country. ... more

Financially Viable Media in Emerging and Developing Markets: Kenya

Paris; Nairobi: World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers (WAN-IFRA);African Media Initiative (AMI) (2012), 41 pp.
"Kenya has been the scene of sweeping technological innovations, but these have often benefited solely affluent urban and foreign markets. Poorly developed infrastructure and program design have delayed benefits for the broader Kenyan public. In addition, Kenya’s innovations have proven difficult ... more

Mapping Digital Media: China

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2012), 127 pp.

Mapping Digital Media: Peru

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2012), 94 pp.
"As with other countries in the region, Peru shows high levels of media concentration. Digitization has not yet aff ected the dominant positions in the Peruvian mass media market. On the contrary, the largest media groups’ hegemonic position has grown stronger. For example, the influence of Grupo ... more

Mapping Digital Media: Chile

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2012), 127 pp.
"Overall, digitization has only partly impacted on the media landscape in Chile. It has neither altered the neoliberal trajectory of media policy, nor reduced high levels of ownership concentration and incumbent advantages. But there is, at the very least, a framework in place that will potentially ... more