"This chapter debates the relationship between youth and media by focusing on communication for social change and gives readers a sense of the history, development, and central concepts of youth-generated media. It offers a comprehensive framework for understanding young people's self-expressive art
...
ifacts. The first section of the chapter offers a historical trajectory concerning the study of youth and media. The second section proposes an explication of the concept of youth-generated media as developed by young people themselves, and juxtaposed to youth-oriented media. The third section proposes two broad conceptual approaches to youth-generated media: a “sponsored-development” approach with a relatively dominant adult involvement and an “organic” approach with youth taking charge of their own media production. The fourth section offers brief illustrative case studies from the Arab Spring. The chapter concludes by highlighting the utility of the concept of youth-generated media and the challenges in understanding and interpreting young people's activities." (Summary)
more
"This chapter provides an overview of development and social change by talking about advocacy approaches to social justice. Advocacy communication offers a critical approach within the field of development, working toward social justice. Recognizing conditions of globalization contributes toward an
...
analysis of problems and solutions that privilege normative and structural change. Advocacy communication engages strategic intervention with clear political positions, having no pretense toward neutrality, and resisting hegemonic dominance in valuing social justice. Focusing on advocacy allows one to consider the potential value of social change, recognizing the latent and manifest politics of approaches to intervention. The chapter also explores the role of communication and media in facilitating and limiting the potential for advocacy. It concludes with future research areas that would contribute toward social justice." (Summary)
more
"This chapter develops an exploratory analysis of the intersections between the processes of communication, social change, development, conflict and peace, through the combined use of the lenses and the premises of two theoretical perspectives: peace and conflict resolution studies, on the one side,
...
and communication for social change, on the other side. The chapter highlights areas of complementarity or overlap, as well as spaces of contradiction, with the aim of broadening the understanding of the role of both communication and conflict in the processes of social change, development and sustainable peace-building. The new spaces of interaction on a local–national–global scale afforded by new technologies, and the blossoming of citizens’ media in countries with armed conflict have opened new possibilities and opportunities for civil society to actively participate and involve itself in the different phases of the conflict cycle." (Summary)
more
"Media consumption today takes on first order meanings that we can challenge, understand and clarify. This is where the audience learns to believe in watchdogging and vice versa. Citizen watchdog groups (Veedurias) attempt to critically understand public narratives beyond first order meanings that a
...
re not necessarily oppositional. These readings provide a new opportunity to understand the medium, and the audience that obtains some satisfaction by listening to radio, listening to local or international music, and by watching and interacting with TV programming. Citizen watchdog groups and observatories confront the challenge of watching, debating and proposing in order to achieve a better understanding of the public world from their own private worlds. These groups and observatories are located in that interaction between public and private issues in the mass media, tracing the footprints left by public/private/intimate actors. Citizen watchdog groups and observatories analyze the mediations and intermediations that are regularly built." (Summary)
more
"This chapter first discusses evaluation of communication for development in relation to ideas around participation and social change, before presenting the framework for evaluating communication for development and social change, and the key principles that underpin it. It then describes some of th
...
e most interesting current trends and debates in development evaluation that informed the development of the framework, and outlines some strategies for overcoming the many challenges and issues associated with implementing this alternative evaluation approach. The chapter discusses some of the aspects of systems thinking and complexity theory that informs the framework, and gives brief examples to illustrate their relevance. Finally, the chapter discusses the implications for increasing the sustainability and effectiveness of communication for development and social change." (Summary)
more
"This chapter argues that narrative can be particularly well suited to transcend the unhelpful polarizations – behavioral versus social change, diffusion versus participatory approaches – that have characterized and restricted global health communication to date. The chapter describes a series o
...
f theoretical rationales and cases that can be enlisted to support the conceptualization of storytelling for social change practices and their effects at multiple levels of analysis. Next, it considers the theoretical base and cases on narrative and narration into articulation with the “Scenarios from Africa” process. Culture has been conceptualized as a “static set of never-changing values and norms” to which individuals are subject, rather than as “a complex, dynamic, and adaptive system of meaning” that is constantly evolving under the influence of individuals and collectivities. The theory of narrative and education proposed by cultural and educational psychologist, Jerome Bruner, provides a compelling grounding for this social constructivist perspective." (Summary)
more
"The phenomenon of academics committed to social justice interrogating social science theory and research, frames the formation of the fields of citizens’ media and citizens’ journalism in the Latin American region. This chapter explains how Chantal Mouffe's ideas and her theory of radical democ
...
racy inform citizens’ media and citizens’ journalism. It then describes how these concepts are used in specific research analyses. Belgian political scientist Chantal Mouffe shifts theories of democracy from a liberal perspective based on individual rights and responsibilities to a more nuanced analysis of power and political action. The goal of public journalism is to use media technologies to move dissent – the multiple voices of counter-publics – to the public sphere. Gaining a space among the elites who previously had made decisions without consulting citizens has been one of the greatest achievements that public journalism has had in our society." (Summary)
more
"This chapter documents the experience of the Communication for Change (C-Change) project in developing and rolling out a holistic and comprehensive socioecological approach to social and behavior change communication (SBCC) within the context of a donor-funded program with short term goals. C-Chang
...
e's SBCC framework uses a socioecological model for change. This model views social and behavior change as a product of multiple, overlapping levels of influence as well as political and environmental factors. The “health belief model” helps to find out why audience's perceptions are not in favor of change in the search for tipping points for change. The chapter describes three characteristics of SBCC. The key models and concepts of the C-Change's SBCC framework are incorporated into at least 75 government programs in Africa. The advocacy and social mobilization strategies of SBCC are aimed at ensuring sustainability through host government “buy-in” and support." (Summary)
more
"This article summarizes evidence for technological advances associated with population-level behavior changes necessary to advance child survival and healthy development in children under 5 years of age in low- and middle-income countries. After a rigorous evidence selection process, the authors as
...
sessed science, technology, and innovation papers that used mHealth, social-transmedia, multiplatform media, health literacy, and devices for behavior changes supporting child survival and development. Because of an insufficient number of studies on health literacy and devices that supported causal attribution of interventions to outcomes, the review focused on mHealth, social-transmedia, and multiplatform media. Overall, this review found that some mHealth interventions have sufficient evidence to make topic-specific recommendations for broader implementation, scaling, and next research steps (e.g., adherence to HIV-AIDS antiretroviral therapy, uptake and demand of maternal health service, and compliance with malaria treatment guidelines). While some media evidence demonstrates effectiveness in changing cognitive abilities, knowledge, and attitudes, evidence is minimal on behavioral endpoints linked to child survival." (Abstract)
more
"The Handbook of Global Health Communication offers a comprehensive and up-to-date analysis of the role of communication processes in global public health, development and social change. It brings together 32 contributions from well-respected scholars and practitioners in the field, addressing a wid
...
e range of communication approaches in current global health programs; offers an integrated view that links communication to the strengthening of health services, the involvement of affected communities in shaping health policies and improving care, and the empowerment of citizens in making decisions about health; ddopts a broad understanding of communication that goes beyond conventional divisions between informational and participatory approaches." (Publisher description)
more
"This publication is an outcome of the Ørecomm Festival 2011 and presents Paula Uimonen (The Swedish Program for ICT in Developing Regions), Petter Åttingsberg (International Media Support) Stine Kirstein Junge (United Nations Development Programme), Birgitte Jallov (independent consultant), and
...
Rafael Obregon (United Nations Children’s Fund) and their experiences and reflections on social media in development cooperation. The publication addresses social media in relation to various subjects such as external communication, community radio, the Arab Spring, youth and equity, the credibility of social media, as well as new and innovative ways of using social media in development cooperation." (Introduction, page 10)
more
"This review examines polio communication efforts in India and Pakistan between the years 2000 and 2007. It shows how epidemiological, social and behavioural data guide communication strategies that have contributed to increased levels of polio immunity, particularly among underserved and hard-to-re
...
ach populations. It illustrates how evidence-based and planned communication strategies – such as sustained media campaigns, intensive community and social mobilization, interpersonal communication and political and national advocacy combined – have contributed to reducing polio incidence in these countries. Findings show that communication strategies have contributed on several levels by: mobilizing social networks and leaders; creating political will; increasing knowledge; ensuring individual and community-level demand; overcoming gender barriers and resistance to vaccination; and reaching out to the poorest and marginalized populations. The review concludes wth observations about the added value of communication strategies in polio eradication efforts and implications for global and local public health communication interventions." (Abstract)
more
"El presente artículo analiza los discursos periodísticos y la representación de temas claves vinculados a la gestión del riesgo de desastres en cuatro países de la subregión Andina. El estudio se apoya en elementos teóricos de la investigación en medios y periodismo, tales como Agenda Setti
...
ng (establecimiento de la agenda periodística) y Encuadre, y de conceptos claves sobre gestión del riesgo de desastres. El estudio analiza 1) la manera como un conjunto de medios escritos de la subregión andina, a través de sus ediciones online, abordaron y caracterizaron la gestión de riesgo durante el período abril, 2007 - julio, 2008; 2) la naturaleza de los discursos periodísticos predominantes durante ese período; y 3) las implicaciones que tales discursos pueden tener en la comunicación para la gestión de riesgo de desastres. El estudio ofrece evidencia empírica que puede servir de base para orientar acciones futuras que ayuden a periodistas y comunicadores a informar mejor a la comunidad." (Resumen)
more
"The Johns Hopkins University Population Communication Services (JHU/PCS) project has been the Office of Population’s leading project for communication and behavior change since 1982. Now working under its fourth cooperative agreement* with USAID, JHU/PCS and its subcontractors provide technical a
...
nd financial support for communication projects in all stages of design, implementation, and assessment, including audience identification, message design, determination of appropriate media mix, materials development, and program evaluation. Previous versions of the PCS project (i.e., those carried out under the first three PCS projects) emphasized production of and training for the development of posters, brochures, flip charts, and other materials for providers and facilities materials which were largely lacking at that time. The earlier projects also pioneered the use of mass media, music, and drama for family planning and health promotion. The design of the current PCS project recognizes the importance of community mobilization and interpersonal communication and counseling (IPC/C), and incorporates all three elements in a three-pronged strategy wherever possible. In addition to these planned additional areas of responsibility, PCS IV has become increasingly involved in functional areas that were not anticipated when it was awarded in 1995. These include child survival (including polio eradication), prevention of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), environmental health, and—representing the most obvious departure from the project’s traditional orientation—democracy and governance. PCS has assumed responsibility for virtually all of these unanticipated new tasks in response to field support–funded requests from USAID Missions. Indeed, the field support–driven nature of the PCS project is one of its central characteristics. At present, approximately 80 percent of PCS funds are derived from Mission field support funds—a substantial portion of which (approximately 30 percent) has been provided to address communication needs in the areas beyond family planning/reproductive health noted above. The evaluation presented herein was designed to assess JHU/PCS performance in meeting the objectives set forth in the current cooperative agreement, as well as to examine the project’s effectiveness in responding to these new and unforeseen challenges. The evaluation team was asked to review the tools and methodology that JHU/PCS and its partners apply to these tasks, as well as the communication science that underlies PCS’s strategic approach." (Executive summary)
more
"This document contains 667 references and has been organized according to recent findings in our review of the application of current communication frameworks to HIV/AIDS communication. In short, there seems to be a consensus among academics, researchers, and practitioners that a new framework in H
...
IV/AIDS communication must not only take into account theoretical and practical frameworks traditionally applied to HIV/AIDS communication (namely theories in social psychology), but also must consider the concept of context, defined as the interrelations of five key domains: government policy, spirituality, gender relation, culture, and socio-economic status. In other words, future HIV/AIDS communication efforts must address individual beliefs and actions within certain contexts that influence HIV/AIDS education and prevention. The first section of this annotated bibliography contains references related to the different theoretical concepts widely utilized in HIV/AIDS communication, and examples of their application in different settings. The theories considered are the diffusion of innovations, the health belief model, the theory of reasoned action, the AIDS risk-reduction and management model, the sense-making approach, and social learning and cognitive theories. The second section of this bibliography covers examples and reports of HIV/AIDS communication campaigns. In doing so, it provides references dealing with traditional mass media campaigns, multimedia campaigns, and the role of interpersonal and small-group communication in media campaigns; as well as more recent approaches to health and HIV/AIDS communication such as media advocacy and entertainment-education. The third section of this document contains references on community response to HIV/AIDS. Culture and context occupy the fourth section, which includes citations that might help users identify key references associated with some of the issues identified as highly relevant to future HIV/AIDS communication, such as language and different ways of knowing and communicating in varied contexts." (Introduction)
more
"The purpose of the present paper is to investigate a spectacular mass media phe nomenon that occurred some twenty-five years ago: The case of a highly popular Peruvian telenovela Simplemente Maria ('Simply Mary'), which to this date is considered by many as the most popular television program of al
...
l time in Peru and in most countries of Latin America. Our methods of data-collection activities in reconstructing the history of Simplemente Maria are described. We explore the reasons for Simplemente María's audience popularity and its several intended and unintended effects. One of Simplemente María's serendipitous effects was the formulation of the entertainment-education strategy in television." (Abstract)
more