"Este libro nace como una propuesta que busca dar visibilidad a una serie de iniciativas sociales e investigaciones enmarcadas en el ámbito de la comunicación, los conflictos y el cambio social, que en ocasiones no tienen los espacios ni la cobertura necesaria en los contextos académicos. Su obje
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tivo es mostrar buenas prácticas que apoyen el desarrollo de las actividades profesionales y de intervención social de los comunicadores y los activistas, además de favorecer el pensamiento crítico sobre la violencia que se transmite desde el periodismo, el cine o la publicidad, entre otros. En un escenario como el actual, en el que los medios de comunicación están sometidos a un acelerado proceso de concentración y mercantilización que daña su papel como garantes de una democracia de alta calidad, cobra más relevancia que nunca la investigación y la reflexión que favorezcan la difusión de una información plural, responsable, crítica contra las injusticias y que aborde las cuestiones centrales de interés colectivo. La comunicación para el cambio social, o los diferentes conceptos que sirven para detallar una comunicación transformadora, se posiciona como un enfoque de contrapoder que busca revertir los discursos de control. Un posicionamiento ético que incentiva la autonomía de las personas en cuanto a sus capacidades de reflexión, crítica y análisis, especialmente en relación a la violencia que margina, excluye e invisibiliza. Otro objetivo de este tipo de comunicación es promover la participación de los ciudadanos en los debates y en las decisiones comunes que impliquen una mejora de sus sociedades, en un contexto de reconocimiento mutuo." (Introducción, página 11)
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"This is the first collection to de-Westernize the scholarship on women, politics and media by: 1) highlighting the latest research on countries and regions that have not been ‘the usual suspects’; 2) featuring a diverse group of scholars, many of non-Western origin; 3) giving voice through pers
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onal interviews to politically active women, thus providing the reader with a rare insight into women's agency in the political structures of emerging democracies. Each chapter examines the complex women, politics and media dynamic in a particular nation-state, taking into consideration the specific political, historic and social context. With 23 case studies and interviews from Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and North Africa, Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, Russia and the former Soviet republics, this volume will be of interest to students, media scholars and policy makers from developed and emerging democracies." (Publisher description)
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"Digitization has had profound effects in Brazil. In journalism, information flows faster than ever, and from a greater number of sources; journalists have to adapt to an environment that demands immediate coverage of events, sometimes privileging speed over content. The internet has become the seco
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nd main source of news, and the number of people reading newspapers online has nearly tripled over four years. Brazilians are heavy users of social media and user-generated content platforms, with Facebook and YouTube being the second and fourth most accessed URLs in September 2013. Access to mobile telecommunications is widespread, and there are more SIM cards circulating in Brazil than there are Brazilians. However, serious gaps in internet regulation topics such as net neutrality, ISP liability, privacy, and user rights still have not been addressed by legislation. In an attempt to fill these gaps, the Civil Rights Framework for the Internet (Marco Civil da Internet), a draft bill produced through a process of public online debate carried out by the Ministry of Justice, was sent to the National Congress in 2011. The text faced strong opposition from some quarters, and the bill has not yet been introduced in Congress." (Publisher description)
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"Community radio in Europe is maturing more and more. However, in Central and Eastern Europe, in which countries are still coping with a fatal heritage of the totalitarian history, community radio is now struggling for its rightful place. This is also the case in Poland. Because of insufficient lega
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l recognition of the community sector in media law, radio stations with non-commercial goals exist often outside the official licensed third sector of media. These are, for example, religious stations, student broadcasters as well as stations run by NGOs and local governments. Moreover, in some communities closed circuit radio stations play a significant role – for example, in prisons, at schools and student hostels. There are also a lot of internet radio initiatives in very diverse communities. In this article I would like to explain the legal situation of community broadcasting, to characterize the community media movement as well as to shortly present stations with non-commercial goals in Poland. Moreover, a research project about such stations in Poland will be discussed." (Abstract)
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"This paper will use the example of the approach taken by UK Community Radio station, 'Future Radio' to obtain both quantitative data primarily through street surveys and qualitative data through on-line questionnaires, exploring why the station felt such research to be both necessary and beneficial
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. Showing how reasonably accurate data can be obtained on a cost-effective basis, issues of accuracy and practical difficulties will also be explored. Finally, the paper will examine some of the opportunities and challenges raised by the changing nature of radio listening and interaction brought about by new methods of consumption such as Internet streaming and mobile 'smart-phone' applications." (Abstract)
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"Great changes have been taken place in the patterns of China’s radio programs since 1980s. Its role has changed from the government’s “propaganda tool” to meet the multiple needs of the radio listeners; its profit mode somehow has varied from full national funding to making profit independe
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ntly; with the assistance of digital technology, the traditional broadcasting program patterns, which was all about manuscripts writing and reading, have been also altered into ones that involve audience interaction. This paper is a case study of 'Helping Each Other in Beijing', a radio program for the elderly by Public Service Frequency in Beijing Radio Station. It analyzes the program from its concept, content, audience interaction, and hosting style. It displays, in the age of new media and globalization, which is full of fierce competition, how the broadcasters in China create new philosophy and concept of radio programs, how they react to the new relationship between audience and them, and how they build up their new media image." (Abstract)
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"Government and radio broadcasting stations have been debating the model of digital transmission to be adopted in Brazil, without having come to a consensus. The impasse is related to the technological characteristics of the available systems (HD Radio, DRM, and DAB) that are not integrally adaptabl
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e to the model of radio broadcasting, to the regulatory laws, and to the rules of the radio market in the country. Tests done with HD Radio revealed that the digital system does not provide the same coverage as a quality analogical AM radio. Other aspects are the technical conditions of the Brazilian broadcasting stations and their adaptability to a digital system: 37% of them still function with valve transmitters, most of them being between AM commercial and public radios. As they are broadcasting stations with few resources for investment in transistorized equipment, it will be necessary to create public policies of incentive for digitalization, which would collaborate to the sustainability of the sector. The data are integrated into national research, based on a sample of 750 stations, which corresponds to 96.42% of the profile of the Brazilian radio market." (Abstract)
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"Radio advertising in Argentina has been adapted to the changing needs of radio. This paper aims to describe and analyze the advertisement formats used in the four leading prime time programs in Argentina. The methodology is a content analysis that is applied to a sample of four programs each one wi
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th duration of four hours (ranging from 9 AM to 1 PM, Monday through Friday) for two weeks in October 2010. Therefore, the sample amounts to 160 hours of programming, 40 for each program. Sponsorships are least used, while the advertising segments are prevalent in all programs. The advertising segments are very different in length for the AM vs. FM. The “mention” has becomed increasingly common in prime time. The speaker´s role is essential to the "selling” of products or services and his function becomes more important when programs incorporate dialogue sections to include brand mentions with time for humorous banter. The terms of prime time advertising on Argentinean radio have changed in recent years in order to adapt to the current needs of radio: programming criteria, use of ss, variety of content and voices and interaction with the listener." (Abstract)
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"The Global Journalist in the 21st Century systematically assesses the demographics, education, socialization, professional attitudes and working conditions of journalists in various countries around the world. This book updates the original Global Journalist (1998) volume with new data, adding more
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than a dozen countries, and provides material on comparative research about journalists that will be useful to those interested in doing their own studies. The editors put together this collection working under the assumption that journalists' backgrounds, working conditions and ideas are related to what is reported (and how it is covered) in the various news media round the world, in spite of societal and organizational constraints, and that this news coverage matters in terms of world public opinion and policies. Outstanding features include:"Coverage of 33 nations located around the globe, based on recent surveys conducted among representative samples of local journalist, comprehensive analyses by well-known media scholars from each country, a section on comparative studies of journalists and an appendix with a collection of survey questions used in various nations to question journalists" (Publisher description)
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"This publication is the first independent, large-scale study of music, film and software piracy in the developing world, with a focus on Brazil, India, Russia, South Africa, Mexico and Bolivia. Based on three years of work by some thirty-five researchers, the study tells two overarching stories: on
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e tracing the explosive growth of piracy as digital technologies became cheap and ubiquitous around the world, and another following the growth of industry lobbies that have reshaped laws and law enforcement around copyright protection. The report argues that enforcement efforts have largely failed, and that the problem of piracy is better addressed as a failure of affordable access to media in legal markets." (Back cover)
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"The authors present a broad corpus of data and suggest some potential theoretical patterns for their interpretation. Through this they invite the readers to look with a critical eye at their research and draw their own conclusions as to the potential implications these forms of usage have for the C
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hurch and for the larger study of religion online. The book also offers other researchers of religion and the internet access interesting material on Catholic use of the internet for their own analysis. Thus the book present a rich resource for future studies exploring how a distinctive religious community engages with the internet, and may aid in the identification of common patterns of internet appropriation or networking strategies used within different religious organizations." (Preface, page 10)
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