"This Information Ecosystem Assessment builds on the previous study conducted by Internews and the Emergency Telecoms Sector in late 2017. It targets both refugee and host communities, through an extensive quantitative survey and select Focus Group Discussions. The standout change between the two As
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sessments is the dramatic increase in the number of refugees who say they now have enough information to make decisions about their daily lives: the percentage jumped from 23% in 2017 to 92% in the recent study. This is evidence that the efforts to provide information, by Internews, BBC Media Action, Translators Without Borders, and a range of humanitarian organisations, has had real impact in meeting information needs. Upon close examination, however, the increase is not a straightforward win. Large numbers of refugees still report confusion over how to access several services and meet basic needs, with 40% saying they were unsure how to obtain more or better food. Similarly large percentages needed information about financial support, water supplies aid registration general information about events around the camps, what was happening in Myanmar / Rakhine, and long-term options for their and their children’s futures. As discussed in the report, it is possible that refugees don’t identify the lack of answers to these questions as an ‘information gap’ that affects their ability to make decisions, but rather a simple lack of options that better information can’t resolve." (Executive summary)
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"There is no accessible media in the Rohingya language, leaving the Rohingya population of well over a million, now spread between Myanmar and Bangladesh, reliant on information only available in languages other than their own [...] This assessment, conducted in the Cox’s Bazar region of Banglades
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h in late October 2017, examines the information ecosystem facing the area’s crisis affected population (introduction). According to the executive summary (page 10), "mobile phones were one of the main sources to send and receive information prior to arrival in the camps, which indicates a high household’s ownership of mobile phone sets (64%). Within newly arrived families, smart phones are mainly used by adult men between age 15 to 24; many of them have taken an active role to mingle with others, access to Facebook and YouTube, and bring information back to the households. Some of the young boys with smart phones have said to spend major amount of credit on data rather than voice connectivity. Also, young men find places to gather, such as shops, where they can charge phones and share information with others of the same age. The lack of access to information and communication channels should perhaps not be surprising, given the enormous challenges presented by the information landscape. 71% of the affected population has had no formal education of any kind, and 77% of the refugee population is illiterate in any language. The Rohingya dialect, the main language spoken by 96% of the refugee population, has no agreed written script. It is technically illegal for refugees to purchase SIM cards. Access to radio sets is limited, and the signal is weak in many areas. What mass media that is available, is in Bangla or Chittigonian. 81% of refugees do not currently listen to the radio."
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"This report is the fifth in a series of annual reports designed to capture key developments and data related to usage of social media in the Middle East. The past year has seen the continued growth of visual-led social networks, especially in the more affluent Gulf region. Meanwhile, the discernibl
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e growth in mobile social users(+66% notes the creative agency We Are Social) emphasizes the increasing primacy of the mobile social experience. For many users, mobile is the only way that they interact with social networks. Mobile platforms, for millions in the region, will also offer their first online experience. Recognizing this, companies like Facebook have launched Facebook Lite, an Android app targeting users on slow networks (and with small dataplans). Their Free Basics program allows customers on the Zain network in Jordan and Asia Cell, Korek and Zain in Iraq avoid data charges when using Facebook on their mobile devices. Will other providers follow suit? Yet, for all the positives, the social experience in some parts of the region remains beset with challenges. Networks and services can be blocked – both temporarily and permanently – and issues around freedom of expression persist." (Introduction)
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"The participants in this 1994 regional training course examined the issue of book distribution and marketing. They focused on book marketing together with the development of distribution in order to prepare practical action plans for improvement. Twenty-three experts from 20 countries in Asia/Pacif
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ic and Africa analyzed problems, exchanged experiences, examined various marketing devices, and drafted practical action plans for establishing effective book marketing systems, calling upon governmental cooperation, publishing industries in member states, and the international society." (Abstract ERIC database)
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"Les cinq quotidiens jordaniens (12 à 15.000 exemplaires au total) et les périodiques doivent se défendre contre une concurrence sérieuse des journaux et magazines égyptiens et libanais — L'agence jordanienne d'information publie quotidiennement deux bulletins de presse, l'un en arabe, l'autr
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e en anglais — La Jordan News Agency, créée en 1965, distribue les informations étrangères qui lui sont fournies par AP, UPI et AFP — Les agents du Ministère de l'Information, en province, fournissent à l'agence une partie des information nationales." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countries. Brussels: CIDESA, 1971 Nr. 2518, topic code 110.1, 131)
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"Dix-neuf pays africains et asiatiques ont participé à la sixième session du Centre International de l'Enseignement Supérieur du Journalisme qui s'est tenue à Strasbourg du 17 mai au 17 juillet 1965 — Les travaux ont été consacrés à l'étude des problèmes des agences de presse dans les p
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ays en voie de développement — Si on excepte une légère différence technique entre agences des pays anglophones et francophones, les problèmes qui se posent aux agences des pays en voie de développement sont: leur dépendance à l'égard des pouvoirs publics, le manque de cadres, l'insuffisance des services étrangers d'une part, l'insuffisance et même parfois l'absence de services d'archives, de services photographiques ou de services de factures, d'autre part — Les membres ont souligné la nécessité d'accroître la coopération régionale et internationale en matière d'information." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countries. Brussels: CIDESA, 1971 Nr. 2519, topic code 070, 130)
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"Ce rapport souligne l'importance des rencontres des journalistes en provenance de divers horizons — Il préconise l'autonomie des agences de presse nationales, autonomie qui doit permettre un travail dans la vérité, l'intégrité et l'objectivité — Le développement des moyens de communicati
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on revêt une importance primordiale si l'on veut intensifier et étendre la diffusion des informations dans les pays en voie de développement — La création d'une agence de presse régionale contribuerait déjà largement à l'amélioration du système d'échanges et de distribution des nouvelles — En attendant, il est recommandé de procéder à des échanges gratuits de features — Ces échanges seraient l'ébauche d'une collaboration plus étroite entre agences nationales." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countries. Brussels: CIDESA, 1971 Nr. 1540, topic code 070, 163.20)
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"En Jordanie, existe seule la formation sur le tas — Vue d'ensemble sur la presse, la radio et les services d'information. Le même article en anglais: pp. 121-122." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countries. Brussels: CIDESA, 1971 Nr. 2520, topic
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code 072.1, 210.1, 163.1)
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