"Web 2.0 for development (Web2forDev) is a way of employing web services to intentionally improve information-sharing and collaborative production of content for development. It is about how development actors can relate and connect to other stakeholders, produce and publish their own material, deci
...
de on levels of access to information and redistribute pieces of content released by others. This publication, a result of the Web2forDev conference at the FAO headquarters in Rome in 2007, shares learning and reflections from practice and considers the ways forward for using Web 2forDev. Eight case studies are presented and discussed. For instance, one interesting experience is the Kenyan website 'Ushahidi' (meaning 'witness' in Kiswahili) as an example of 'crowdsourcing' crisis information: people who witness acts of violence report the incidents they have seen, the incidents are placed on a map-based view on the website for others to see and in most cases are verified by local groups working on the ground. At the post-election violence in Kenya in early January 2008, local radio stations used Ushahidi as an information source. It is also expected to serve in other countries as a tool from early conflict warning to tracking a crisis situation as it evolves. A practical section called "tips for trainers" provides descriptions and links to further information ("where to get started") on blogging, twitter, wikis, social networking, RSS feeds, tagging and social bookmarking. In addition, various articles discuss lessons learnt and challenges identified." (CAMECO Update 4-2009)
more
"This report is intended to serve as a guide for organizations considering establishing journalist-training programs in Nigeria, Ghana and Uganda. The report provides an overview of the challenges and opportunities in the journalism profession in these three countries. Generalizations across countri
...
es are difficult. Thus, we encourage anyone making use of this report for program planning to consider the findings on each country as a distinct entity." (Executive summary)
more
"This paper explores the linkages between debates about corruption and the role of the media in Africa. It advances arguments about how citizens in Africa encounter corruption – both grand and petty – and how they perceive it, as well as factors that may contribute to the development of corrupt
...
practices. These reflections are then linked to a discussion of how the press in Africa deals with corruption and whether the media may serve as a strong deterrent in combating this form of criminal behaviour." (Abstract)
more
"Using African Journals Online (AJOL) as a case study – recently expanded to offer full text online and, with over 350 partner titles, now the world’s largest online collection of African journals – the author argues that increasing accessibility of African research outputs through open access
...
, and sustained commitment to building partnerships, collaborations and networks amongst African stakeholders, with linkages between these and their overseas counterparts, are two pivotal and necessary conditions to move Africa away from the global knowledge periphery. In her conclusions she states “bibliographies, whether in print, or online, are also tools to allow access to information. It is the pro-active, systemic, organized and strategic use of these tools that will determine the future of Africa’s moving closer to the centre of the global knowledge system. To be accessible in the information age, African journals must ensure they are available, visible and usable on the internet, most particularly through striving towards open access of African-published materials, such that Africans themselves can read context-specific, relevant work from their own continent. Role-players in the continent’s system of knowledge generation and dissemination hold the ultimate responsibility and moral burden to build on existing capacity through cooperation and collaboration. It is only by addressing the complex and multiple requirements at all levels that optimal use of opportunities will be attained and the African continent will be brought to prominence in the global knowledge system." (Hans M. Zell, Publishing, Books & Reading in Sub-Saharan Africa, 3d ed. 2008, nr. 2566)
more
"Evaluation data gathered between 1975 and 2000 demonstrated that Interactive Radio Instruction (IRI) had improved learning outcomes in conventional classrooms by between 10% and 20% when compared with control classrooms not using IRI. These programs often had relatively well-funded evaluation compo
...
nents, often taught a single subject, and focused almost entirely on improving quality. This study focuses on the use of IRI in more taxing circumstances and the outcomes it achieved as well as children learning in conventional school settings. It looks at the use of radio to teach children who are not in school, who are affected by conflict, who are orphans, who live in countries where most social systems have broken down or never existed – the poorest, least supported and most remote learners to whom access to education has traditionally been denied. It also looks at IRI operating in systems of huge scale, such as the 20+ million learners in India. The projects documented in this study were largely carried out since 2000 (although reference is made to earlier projects also) and addressed early childhood education, mathematics and language instruction and teacher training. They were not research projects, and their circumstances challenged data collection and student testing. Nevertheless, the data demonstrate that these IRI programs have had a positive impact on learning outcomes and on the behavior of teachers. Interactive Radio Instruction (IRI) delivers daily 30-minute radio broadcasts that promote active learning and are designed to improve educational quality and teaching practices in schools and to deliver a complete basic education to learners not in school. This paper uses student assessment data collected on recent EDC IRI projects to determine the impact of IRI on student achievement and to highlight general patterns that emerged from the review. In all, 15 projects provided 37 records (grade-year combinations e.g. grade 1 in 2007) containing student learning data which served as the basis of this report." (Executive summary)
more
"The book brings together a range of community peacebuilding experiences that apply open and distance learning. The emphasis on community requires distance educators to change focus. The book addresses how to help a community articulate its own purposes for learning and then support it in achieving
...
them. The role of radio, video and audio recordings to carry stories to larger audiences is explored. By raising expectations and challenging assumptions, use of these media can be catalysts that accelerate other processes of change." (Publisher description)
more
"Obwohl der Mediensektor liberalisiert wurde, besitzen die staatlich kontrollierten Rundfunkanstalten – das wichtigste Informationsmedium für die Bevölkerungsmehrheit – in den meisten Ländern noch ein flächendeckendes Monopol; nur in den Städten und einigen kleinen ländlichen Regionen gibt
...
es private Konkurrenz. Die Printmedien, darunter vor allem die privaten, die von entscheidender Bedeutung in den Demokratisierungsprozessen waren, haben zwar immer noch lediglich kleine Auflagen, verfügen aber über eine große Reichweite, die ihnen politischen Einfluss sichert. Die Deregulierung des Medienmarktes hat zwar Medienvielfalt, aber noch wenig Meinungsvielfalt und -freiheit bewirkt: Die Meinungsvielfalt ist durch oligopolistische Tendenzen im privaten Sektor, die Meinungsfreiheit noch immer von staatlicher Repression bedroht. In diesem Kontext hat sich ein eigener, teils käuflicher journalistischer Stil entwickelt, der zum einen von hohem parteilichem Engagement verbunden mit Verlautbarungsjournalismus, zum anderen von Kommerzialisierung und Boulevardisierung gekennzeichnet ist." (Seite 1)
more
"This publication looks closely at cases where Germany has supported the production and broadcast of television soap operas as key components of Behavior Change Communication (BCC) in three very different countries with three very different HIV epidemics: In Kyrgyzstan, the epidemic is largely conce
...
ntrated among injecting drug users (IDUs), mostly young males but some female sex workers. It is spreading rapidly and there is concern it could soon spread into the general population. Originally broadcast in 2006, "Love as a Test" aims to get across messages that HIV affects not only "them" but could easily affect you and your loved ones and there are things you can do to prevent its spread and reduce its harm. In Dominican Republic, there are extremely high rates of HIV prevalence among ethnic Haitians who live in bateyes (settlements on agricultural plantations), rural areas and urban barrios. Originally broadcast in 2007, "Amor de Batey" aims to promote the consistent and correct use of low-cost but reliable condoms and, also, to empower women, improve their health and reduce child mortality. In Côte d'Ivoire, there are high rates of HIV prevalence throughout the country but much higher rates among women than men. Contributing factors include the common practice of having multiple concurrent sexual relations and low levels of education and specific knowledge about sexual and reproductive health. Originally broadcast in 1994, "SIDA dans la Cité" has aims similar to those of "Amor de Batey." The first series proved so successful that it lead to a second series, originally broadcast in 1996-97, and then to a third, originally broadcast in 2003. All three series have proved popular throughout French-speaking West and Central Africa. This publication shows how each series was developed, provides brief synopses, summarizes the results of formal evaluations and provides informal assessments. It draws lessons and concludes that television soap operas can make significant contributions to national responses to HIV. The most successful series are based on sound research, reflect the realities of life as it is lived by their target audiences, and are developed in a professional manner that ensures they meet high standards both as entertainment and as educational tools." (Executive summary, page 5)
more
"This publication provides examples of the way in which media can be used for the non-violent management of regional conflicts. Practitioners from radio initiatives in Chad, Niger, Mali and the Democratic Republic of Congo report their experiences regarding the function and perception of the media i
...
n both conflict management and the promotion of peace. The publication also shows the different contexts in which radio may be used to supply the largely illiterate population with basic information (in Niger) or as a platform for political debate (Southern Chad). The reports from the field are complemented by conceptual considerations on media in conflict-prone societies." (CAMECO Update 4-2009)
more