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Commitment Amid Conflict: The Experience of Central African Journalists Covering Their Country's War

Michelle Betz

In: Media and Mass Atrocity: The Rwanda Genocide and Beyond

Allan Thompson (ed.)

Waterloo, Ontario: Centre for International Governance Innovation (2019), pp. 275-289

"The trend in international newsgathering is to greater reliance on local journalists and fixers to provide crucial information to a global audience. At the same time, these local journalists are themselves becoming targets of violence. Increasingly, local journalists are being killed in the line of ... fire. Their deaths create stress for their colleagues, families and communities. It remains a challenge to discern areas in which the global community can provide support to journalists in these circumstances. As long as we continue to rely on fixers and local journalists for news and information from hot spots around the world, we must also provide them with adequate support to mitigate risk, including to their mental health. Local journalists, such as those in the Central African Republic, are one of the most likely groups of journalists to experience psychological trauma, thanks to the implicit risks of their work, combined with public pressure to provide news from these situations. What support can be provided to these journalists and how can it best meet the specific needs of such a community? Can we promote resiliency? The first step is to acknowledge the dearth of relevant research on mental health and psychosocial support for local journalists in conflict or emergency settings. There is a need for research on the kinds of trauma (and resilience) that journalists experience and their causes, including impacts on the individual and colleagues and impacts on the work […] Second, "little has been done to develop treatments based on local coping styles, culture-specific idioms of distress, and culturally appropriate helping methods" (de Jong 2017, 209) […] Third, any training efforts of journalists should be accompanied with mental health and psychosocial support […] Finally, the United Nations has adopted the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity This may at least give some wider symbolic support to journalists who are victims of traumatic attacks. Ultimately, there must be a recognition that the mental health of the journalist can have an impact on their reporting - something that is particularly critical in conflict environments." (Conclusion) more

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Media, Communication and the Struggle for Democratic Change: Case Studies on Contested Transitions

Katrin Voltmer, Christian Christensen, Irene Neverla, Nicole Stremlau, Barbara Thomass, Nebojsa Vladisavljevic, Herman Wasserman (eds.)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2019), xvii, 305 pp.

"This book investigates the role of media and communication in processes of democratization in different political and cultural contexts. Struggles for democratic change are periods of intense contest over the transformation of citizenship and the reconfiguration of political power. These democratiz ... more

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A Zambian Journalist: In Pursuit of Three Freedoms

Michael Daka

Lusaka: Gadsden Publishers (2019), 224 pp.

"Mike Daka's story is a fascinating account that is at once the story of an extraordinary journalist, and rich insight into the history of the media and journalism in Zambia and Southern Africa. Born into humble circumstances, his journey took him into journalism as reporter and editor and then to s ... more

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Listeners Perceptions of Forte FM’s Role in Facilitating Community Development in Alice, South Africa

Betina Mawokomayi, Oluyinka O. Osunkunle

Critical Arts: South-North Cultural and Media Studies, volume 33, issue 1 (2019), pp. 88-100

"This paper examined listeners’ perceptions of Forte FM’s role in facilitating community development in Alice, which is a small rural town under Raymond Mhlaba Municipality, South Africa. Forte FM is a community radio station located at University of Fort Hare, Alice campus, established to facil ... more

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Indigenous Publishing in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Chronology and Some Landmarks

Hans M. Zell

African Research & Documentation, issue 136 (2019), pp. 36-61

"This chronological timeline sets out some of the key dates, events, and landmarks in the development of indigenous publishing in Sub-Saharan Africa. It also includes details of the major conferences, meetings or seminars on African publishing, held in Africa or at venues elsewhere, since 1968. An e ... more

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Revistas culturais no mundo lusófono durante o longo século XIX: Conetividade, transferência e informação

Christoph Müller, Ricarda Musser (eds.)

Lisboa; Berlin: Edições Colibri;Iberoa;Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut Preußischer Kulturbesitz (2019), 170 pp.

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A Regional Approach to Media Development in West Africa: Recommendations from a Consultative Process

Gilbert Tietaah, Sulemana Braimah

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2019), 21 pp.

"West Africa sits at a critical juncture that will determine whether the coming years are spent defending against reversals in media freedom and pluralism, or moving forward toward new and lasting progress. In this context, the Media Foundation for West Africa consulted stakeholders from all 16 coun ... more

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Radio Redux: Audience Participation and the Reincarnation of Radio for Development in Africa

Gilbert Tietaah, Margaret Amoakohene, Damasus Tuurusong

Journal of Developing Societies, volume 35, issue 2 (2019), pp. 282-302

"Along with the valorization of “beneficiary” participation in development praxis, contemporary communication scholarship has tended toward internet-enabled technologies and applications. This study breaks ranks with the implicit loss of faith in the capacity of the so-called legacy media, and r ... more

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Carefully Chosen Words

Geraldine Fobang, Rosaline Akah Obah, Alexander Vojvoda

D+C: Development and Cooperation, issue 11 (2019), 2 pp.

"Cameroon is battled by several conflicts, so sensitive reporting is important to avoid escalation and foster peace. The Presbyterian Church has set up a network of community media outlets with this end, supported by Germany’s Civil Peace Service. Present results are promising." (Introduction)

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Somalia Media Mapping and Landscape Survey

Washington, DC: USAID (2019), 138 pp.

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Evaluation of ICT4Democracy in East Africa Network: Assessing its Success in Improving Citizen Participation, Realisation of Human Rights and the Level of Transparency and Accountability of Government in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda

David Jodnell, Dwan Kaoukji, David Musime

DBG Consultants (2019), 53 pp.

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Formulation d’une approche de regulation des médias communautaires dans l'espace du Liptako-Gourma (Burkina Faso/ Mali/ Niger)

Abdourahamane Ousmane

International Media Support (IMS) (2019), 67 pp.

"La présente étude ambitionne de formuler une meilleure régulation des radios communautaires à travers une approche descriptive, analytique et prospective. Il s’est agi tout d’abord de dresser un état des lieux des radios communautaires; ensuite d’analyser la régulation de ces médias da ... more

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Despots and Disruptions: Five Dimensions of Internet Shutdowns in Africa

Kampala: CIPESA (2019), 12 pp.

"The more undemocratic the system of government, the more likely it is that the Internet will be shut down. To prove this, the authors refer to the annual Democracy Index of the British consulting firm Economist Intelligence Unit of the news magazine of the same name. According to the index, 17 of t ... more

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Namibia’s Media: Facing the Digital Challenge

Dietrich Remmert

Windhoek: Institute for Public Policy Research (IPPR);Namibia Media Trust;Hanns-Seidel-Stiftung (HSS) (2019), 38 pp.

"Overall, it seems that few local media houses have really dedicated significant resources, time and capacity to exploring how best to both utilise and integrate online digital media and mitigate the threat of digitalisation. With regards to newspapers, NMH has probably been most active in seeking t ... more

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Reporting Human Rights, Conflicts, and Peacebuilding: Critical and Global Perspectives

Ibrahim Seaga Shaw, Senthan Selvarajah (eds.)

Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan (2019), xxi, 280 pp.

"This book focuses on the reporting of human rights in broadly defined times of conflict. It brings together scholarly and professional perspectives on the role of the media in constructing human rights and peacebuilding options in conflict and post-conflict environments, drawing on case studies fro ... more

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Data Journalism in Tanzania

Ryan Powell

Open Knowledge International (2019), 50 pp.

"Journalism in Tanzania is facing a critical juncture as newsrooms grow their digital presence but face revenue gaps, in part due to limited online advertising in a market saturated with print government advertising. To harness this change, media houses will have to troubleshoot how to differentiate ... more

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The Price We Pay: Targeted for Dissent by the Tanzanian State

London: Amnesty International (2019), 36 pp.

"Since President John Magufuli took office in November 2015, the state has applied a raft of repressive laws restricting the rights of opposition politicians, human rights defenders, activists, researchers, journalists, bloggers and other online users. Cumulatively, the application of these laws has ... more

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How Social Media Taxes Can Burden News Outlets: The Case of Uganda

Juliet Nanfuka

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2019)

"In July 2018, the government of Uganda implemented a tax on individual users of social media platforms. In the first three months following the introduction of the tax in the country, internet penetration dropped from 47 percent to 35 percent. Given that a significant amount of news circulation now ... more

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Ethiopia: Reflections on Media Reform

Kalmar: Fojo Media Institute (2019), 60 pp.

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Africa in the Media

Johanna Blakley, Adam Amel Rogers, Erica Watson-Currie, Kristin Jung

USC Annenberg Norman Lear Center, The African Narrative (2019), 51 pp.

"Stories about Africa appeared infrequently on U.S. television: a mention appeared once in every five hours of TV programming. Viewers were seven times more likely to see references to Europe. Despite the low frequency of mentions, we know that there were more than 3.6 billion views of these depicti ... more