"In 2006, MTV and USAID launched, "MTV EXIT (End Exploitation and Trafficking)," a multi-media, multi-platform awareness and prevention campaign against human trafficking that has reached over 20 million people in 21 countries in the Asia Pacific. This paper describes the campaign background, design
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and message strategies and the outcome evaluation of the MTV EXIT documentaries, which were developed to build knowledge and influence attitude and behavior of the target audience on human trafficking. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were employed for the outcome evaluation in six selected countries: China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Philippines and Thailand. Quantitative data was collected before and after documentary exposure through surveys using online access panel while qualitative data was gathered from focus groups. The Mind-Set Barometer, an indicator in which knowledge, attitude and behavior measures were weighted and incorporated into a composite score, was used in quantitative evaluation to measure the effects of campaign exposure. While some variations could be observed, the Mind-Set Barometer scores increased across all sites during the post surveys, showing positive effects of documentary exposure among research participants. The qualitative research provided key insights that the MTV EXIT documentaries had great potential in raising awareness about the issue, but should include stronger call to action to engage audience. This paper calls for the anti-trafficking community to conduct rigorous campaign evaluation to access outcomes, impacts and values of their communication activities. It also advocates that media campaigns can be effective tools in creating awareness and increasing prevention of human trafficking." (Abstract)
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"Farida Nekzad leitet die Nachrichtenagentur Wakht in Afghanistan. Im Message-Interview erklärt sie, unter welchen Gefahr Journalistinnen in ihrem Land arbeiten und welche Medien Warlords bevorzugen." (Einleitung)
"This report analyses the findings of a follow-up survey of child-related news contents, in newspapers with an aim to assess the coverage trend and its ethical standards. The survey monitored 10 national-level mainstream dailies over a year (January 2013 to December 2013). A secondary set of data fr
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om the arena of general news was analysed in order to explore the impacts of inappropriate news content on children. An introduction to the ethical concerns of news coverage in the context of children is provided. This follow-up content analysis takes into account the findings of previous two studies on the same subject. One was a baseline study monitoring media over three consecutive months in 2009. And the other, a follow-up study, covered six fortnights spread across a year (June 2010 to May 2011). This exercise began on the premise that journalists can play a strong role in ensuring the wellbeing of children and in minimising any potential harm to them from news consumption. The comprehensive trend finds a lack of planned focus and consequently, insufficient news coverage of children and their interests or affairs to be a key problem. Dominance of surface coverage of events and issues, inadequacies of reportorial enterprise and a dearth of in-depth coverage appear to be major problems. Insensitivity to the issues of portrayal and dignity, lack of thought to the safety and security of children in sensitive situations, and inconsideration of potential negative impacts of gruesome depictions on child consumers of news could also be noted in the general trend of coverage. However, between 2009 and 2013, a few positive changes can be traced even if disjointedly and sporadically." (Abstract)
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"China’s media offensive in Africa is an expression of the need to create advantageous conditions for its own trade relations and for strategic alliances, for example in international organizations. At the same time, China’s global charm offensive or »charm defensive« is also a reaction to wha
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t China often feels is unfair reporting in western media about China and China in Africa. Consequently, the Chinese leadership is investing in internationalizing and expanding its state media in cooperation with African state media and in ambitious exchange and training programmes for African journalists. The aforementioned objectives of Chinese foreign media are accompanied and supported by strategic Chinese corporate investment in information technology and telecommunications infrastructure in African countries. In other words, China’s soft power approach is flanked by hard power. German foreign and development policy should carefully analyse the growing competition and criticism of western reporting about Africa and draw conclusions for media development cooperation." (Page 1)
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"Nachdem sich die Osttimoresen 1999 mit großer Mehrheit für die Loslösung von Indonesien in einem von den Vereinten Nationen durchgeführten Referendum entschieden hatten, eskalierte die Gewalt. Einher gingen die Menschenrechtsverletzungen mit einer massiven Einschränkung der Meinungs- und Press
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efreiheit. Journalisten wurden von der indonesischen Polizei am 5. und 6. September 1999 sogar gewaltsam zum Verlassen der Insel gezwungen." (Abstract)
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"Mit Platz 139 beim Press Freedom Index von Reporter ohne Grenzen rangiert Indonesien in Sachen Pressefreiheit im weit unteren Bereich des internationalen Spektrums. Innerhalb Indonesiens ist Papua die Region, aus der am häufigsten über Einschüchterungen und Angriffe gegen Journalisten berichtet
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wird. Weder ausländische Journalisten noch UN-Beobachter dürfen frei in die Konfliktregion einreisen. Der Ruf indigener Papua nach Unabhängigkeit von Indonesien, massive Militärpräsenz in der Öffentlichkeit und fast unkontrollierter Ressourcenabbau machen Papua zu einem Konfliktherd verschiedener Interessen, in dem es regelmäßig zu ernsten Menschenrechtsverletzungen kommt." (Abstract)
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"Indonesische Radiomacher stehen momentan vor zwei großen Herausforderungen: Sie kämpfen zum einen mit dem Bedeutungsverlust des Hörfunks und sehen sich zum anderen mit pressefreiheitlichen Einschränkungen konfrontiert." (Abstract)
"Indonesien richtet sein Augenmerk auf die kommende Präsidentschaftswahl 2014. Ein Faktor, der in diesem Prozess und dessen Ausgang eine große Rolle spielen könnte, ist die Medienlandschaft. Um die Bedeutung der Medien für die Förderung von Demokratie und die Vermittlung von Grundsätzen der Me
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inungsfreiheit verstehen zu können, muss man die Auswirkungen der Reformasi auf die Wahrung der Medienrechte der BürgerInnen verstehen." (Abstract)
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"Dinh Nhat Uy forderte auf Facebook die Freilassung seines inhaftierten Bruders, jetzt wurde er selbst verurteilt. Uys jüngerer Bruder Dich Nguyen Kha hatte im Frühjahr Flugblätter verteilt, in denen die Partei und die Politik der Regierung kritisiert wurden, und erhielt dafür vier Jahre Gefäng
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nis. Das Verteilen von solchen Schriften wird seit Jahren als »Propaganda gegen den Staat« eingestuft und nach Artikel 88 Strafgesetzbuch mit bis zu 20 Jahren Haft bestraft. Nun ist auch Dinh Nhat Uy für seine Beiträge auf Facebook bestraft worden – mit 15 Monaten Haft auf Bewährung. Uys Fall erregte Aufmerksamkeit in der Online-Community, denn es ist das erste Mal, dass einem vietnamesischen Aktivisten wegen seiner Kommentare in einem sozialen Netzwerk der Prozess gemacht wurde." (Abstract)
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"Rezente Berichte über den Zustand von Religionsfreiheit und Pluralismus in Indonesien zeichnen häufig ein wenig schönes Bild. Gleichzeitig findet sich vielfach aber auch die Ansicht, Indonesien als ein Land zu sehen, das erfolgreich einen Demokratisierungsprozess in Gang setzen konnte und daher
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als Modell für einen demokratischen und moderaten Islam dienen kann – trotz all der damit verbundenen religiösen und gesellschaftlichen Probleme in Indonesien." (Abstract)
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"The use of smartphones and tablets has jumped significantly in the past year, with fewer people using their computers for news. More than a third of online news users across all countries (39%) use two or more digital devices each week for news and a fifth (20%) now say their mobile phone is their
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primary access point. The number of people paying for digital news has remained stable over the past 12 months, although we have seen a significant switch to more valuable ongoing digital subscription in most countries. Our new (and unique) social media index for news shows Facebook is by far the most important network for news everywhere. Although Twitter is widely used in the US, Spain, and the UK, it is far less influential in many other European countries. Google+ is emerging as increasingly important for news, along with messaging application WhatsApp. European respondents remain strongly committed to news that tries to be neutral (or impartial) but Americans are more interested in hearing from brands and reporters that are open about their own views and biases." (Key findings, page 8)
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"This dissertation is a study about the growth and development of media in Afghanistan and its role and contribution to national and international collective efforts to build a modern, stable and democratic Afghanistan in the last decade. In pursuing my dissertation, I have examined the Afghan media
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landscape by focusing on the regulatory environment, the type and breadth of broadcast and print media, the role of donors and foreign aid and the extent to which media has a played a role in fostering democracy in the country. The dissertation concludes with analyzing the future of Afghan media and freedom of expression following the departure of foreign forces and international community at the end of 2014 and their impact on sustainability of media in light of support they have received from the outside world. The dissertation concludes that, while there are challenges ahead, Afghan media has benefited from a decade of foreign assistance, has contributed to fostering democracy in Afghanistan and can stand on its own with the decline of foreign aid to Afghanistan in the future." (Abstract)
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"Key recommendations: Invest in increased nationwide coverage of environmental issues and media professionalism across all media platforms [...] Conduct more targeted, specialised training on effective environmental reporting [...] Build on dynamism of online information initiatives [...] Begin educ
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ation on the environment in schools early." (Page 5)
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"In this chapter, Guo-Ming Chen portrays two faces of communication in Chinese culture. He thematizes harmony, one of the core Chinese cultural values, to paint a picture of the first face. According to him, in order to achieve harmony, Chinese people would (1) follow the principles of jen (benevole
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nce), yi (righteousness), and li (rite/courtesy), (2) properly adjust to shi (temporal contingencies), wei (spatial contingencies), and ji (the first imperceptible beginning of movement), and (3) strategically exercise guanxi (interrealtion), mientze (face), and power. This harmony-oriented communication can also be understood in light of other Chinese cultural concepts such as mientze (face), guanxi (interrelation), yuan (destined relations), keqi (politeness), bao (reciprocity), feng shui, and zhan bu (divination). Chen then moves on to paint a picture of the second face, which is the dark side of Chinese communication, that appears when harmony cannot be upheld." (Page 273)
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