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Online Harassment, Psychological Stressors, and Occupational Dysfunction among Journalists Working in a Conflict Zone
Digital Journalism, volume 12, issue 6 (2024), pp. 735-752
"Amid increasing threats and assaults against journalists across the globe, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province in northwest Pakistan remains one of the most dangerous places in the world for journalists. Whereas online harassment is increasingly affecting journalists, experiences of online harassment
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‘They blame the messenger’: Re-examining the critique of journalists reporting on genocide in Rwanda and Srebrenica
Journalism, volume 25, issue 10 (2024), pp. 2117–2134
"Reporting on cases of genocide presents distinct complexities and challenges for journalists, who must negotiate practical, professional, and emotional experiences that challenge traditional expectations of their role. Previous research has provided strident critiques of this reporting, arguing Wes
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Saints and witnesses: Virtue and vocation in the memorialization of the Western conflict journalist
Media, War & Conflict, volume 17, issue 2 (2024), pp. 196-212
"How are Western journalists who are killed in the course of their work remembered? Using the biographies of journalists killed covering conflict, this article investigates the discursive repertoires through which the memorialization of journalists killed while reporting conflict is accomplished. Th
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Shattered lives, unbroken stories: Journalists’ perspectives from the frontlines of the Israel–Gaza war
Online Media and Global Communication, volume 3, issue 2 (2024), pp. 151-180
"This study sheds light on the unprecedented complexities of the Israel–Gaza war, offering insights into the challenges that journalists face in this conflict zone. It employs the Hierarchy of Influences Model to analyze the factors influencing conflict reporting within the dynamic landscape of co
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Insurgency in northeast Nigeria: Are journalists safe to report?
Journalism, volume 26, issue 6 (2024), pp. 1288-1306
"This article interrogates the effectiveness of the safety measures available for journalists in the challenging operational environment. The researchers conducted in-depth interviews with 16 journalists representing different organisations from the conflict-prone areas in northeast Nigeria. Finding
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Effectiveness of art therapy in reducing post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and the propensity to quit journalism among journalists covering banditry activities in Nigeria
Media, War & Conflict, volume 17, issue 4 (2024), pp. 445-462
"The goal of this study was to examine the efficacy of art therapy in the treatment of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the propensity to quit journalism among Nigerian journalists covering banditry attacks. The researchers utilized a quasi-experiment as the design for the study and sampled
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Legal Strategies for Protecting Journalists in Conflict Zones
Interdisciplinary Studies in Society, Law, and Politics, volume 3, issue 2 (2024), pp. 25-31
"The safety of journalists in conflict zones remains a critical concern, with myriad risks stemming from both physical and digital threats. This study aims to explore the legal strategies that can effectively protect journalists in these environments, focusing on understanding the existing legal fra
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Predictors of psychological distress in frontline journalists: Common denominators across three decades of conflicts
Traumatology, volume 30, issue 3 (2024), pp. 306-313
"Objective: To determine risk factors for symptoms of PTSD and depression in frontline journalists that traverse type of conflict, degree of exposure to stressors, language, and culture. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1,103 frontline journalists from 12 datasets (Balkans, 9/11 attacks, Iraq, M
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Journalists and Exposure to Trauma: Exploring Perceptions of PTSD and Resilience Among Pakistan’s Conflict Reporters
Journalism Practice (2024), [no pag.]
"The study attempts to understand how Pakistani journalists perceive Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and resilience in the wake of covering traumatic events. Qualitative interviews of 32 Pakistani journalists were conducted who had covered military operations against militants. The findings in
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Reporting Conflict from Afar: Journalists, Social Media, Communication Technologies, and War
Journalism Practice, volume 17, issue 2 (2023), pp. 300-318
"We conducted interviews with conflict journalists who covered the conflicts in Syria, Yemen, Libya, and Iraq and who work for the major international news agencies and media companies. These journalists did most of their reporting from remote locations as the conflict zones were too dangerous to be
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Syrian Journalists Covering the War: Assessing Perceptions of Fear and Security
Media, War & Conflict, volume 16, issue 1 (2023), pp. 44-62
"This article analyses the dangers and threats faced by Syrian journalists covering the conflict since the pro-democracy protests erupted in March 2011. While most Western research on the Syrian Revolution has focused on the working difficulties faced by correspondents, parachutists or foreign freel
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Reporting Trauma: Conflict Journalists’ Exposure to Potentially Traumatizing Events, Short- and Long-Term Consequences, and Coping Behavior
Journalism Studies, volume 24, issue 11 (2023), pp. 1398-1417
"Due to the nature of their jobs, journalists reporting from theaters of war, destruction, and violence are frequently exposed to potentially traumatizing experience. This study explores how journalists go about trauma exposure, how they deal with its emotional fallout, and what support they get in
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Modeling safety challenges journalists faced in reporting anti-police brutality protests (ENDSARS protests) in Nigeria
Information Development, volume 29, issue 3 (2023), pp. 344-356
"Limited studies exist on the safety challenges that journalists face in reporting conflict related issues within their localities. This study extends literature in this direction by providing a model that explains the safety challenges that journalists faced in reporting the 2020 END SARS protests
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"GIJN’s comprehensive, 16-chapter Reporter’s Guide to Investigating War Crimes includes expert advice from more than two dozen specialists and journalists, covering everything from the legal aspects of war, attacks on civilians, conflict-related sexual violence, environmental crimes, banned weap
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"The general objective of this Model Protocol is to serve as a reference in the development or updating of intervention and interaction protocols for security forces regarding the media, in accordance with international standards on freedom of expression, access to information and safety of journali
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‘No difference between journalism and suicide’: Challenges for journalists covering conflict in Balochistan
Media, War & Conflict, volume 16, issue 3 (2023), pp. 344-363
"The safety of journalists reporting from conflict zones is a complex issue as they are exposed to a variety of challenges on a daily basis. This research aims to identify those multi-dimensional challenges that make Balochistan one of the world’s riskiest places for journalists. Based on 30 in-de
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“We always report under pressure”: Professionalism and journalistic identity among regional journalists in a conflict zone
Journalism, volume 24, issue 4 (2023), pp. 709–728
"This study explores how regional journalists in Pakistan conceptualize journalistic professionalism, how they perceive their journalistic identities, and how local socio-political and economic realities shape their professional identification. Analysis of interviews with 33 journalists working in P
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Post-traumatic Mental and Physical Consequences of Frontline Reporting in the MENA Region
Open Public Health Journal, volume 15 (2023), 12 pp.
"Background: A current need in journalistic frontline work is to understand the potential psychological and physical traumatic consequences that may result from on-duty appointments. Journalists are active in frontline zones to report on conflicts, crises, and natural disasters. In the Middle East a
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Reporting Safely in Crisis Zones: Medical First Response for Journalists and Filmmakers
Prehospital and Disaster Medicine, volume 38, issue S1 (2023), p. s20
"Introduction: Journalists work in dangerous places. In recent years, the risk of illness and injury while reporting has increased, whether in the setting of conflict, protest, extreme weather, or environmental disaster. Journalists are targeted more than ever before. Working safely in remote and da
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