"Ebonyi State of Nigeria is among the states where the incidence of Lassa fever has become endemic; and has consequently led to the death of many people including health practitioners in the state. To mobilize the people against the disease, government and stakeholders in the health sector resorted
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to health literacy campaigns through Ebonyi Broadcasting Corporation (EBBC). The most popular and dramatic of these campaigns is the one that advocates for total stoppage in the consumption of all species of rats. It is titled: bu gunu be unu na ahu? Meaning what are you roasting. As rat consumption is age long habits of the majority of the Ebonyi people, particularly, those in the rural areas, it becomes incumbent that the effectiveness of the campaign notwithstanding its popularity should be empirically evaluated. Survey research method was adopted for the investigation. Consequently, 380 copies of structured questionnaire were administered on respondents systematically drawn from three rural communities, one each from three senatorial zones of the state. Using mean computation for the test of hypotheses, the study among others found that though the campaign created awareness of the disease among the people, majority of them do not agree that all rats are potential vectors of Lassa fever virus, and that, the people's knowledge and belief about the disease is significantly independent of their exposure to the EBBC campaign. Consequently, the study among others recommended that the framing of such radical health campaign message should be reflective of the people's culture, and that the campaign should highlight the reason(s) why all rats are considered to be potential vectors of Lassa fever virus." (Abstract)
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"Beneficiary Communication is a program which emphasizes the use of communication equipment in passing relevant, timely and accurate lifesaving information to communities. The program supports an environment of transparency and accountability through creation of feedback mechanism. It is about provi
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ding practical, useful information at the right time, listening to people’s needs and opinions and using this information to improve the programming and operations of Partner national society (PNS), National Society (NS) and International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC). Beneficiary Communication program utilizes technology like SMS, Radio, Mobile Cinema, Posters, Sound tracks, Wall painting or traditional channels like drama and community meetings to pass lifesaving information to communities.
The impacts listed in this report cannot be solely attributed to the use of beneficiary communication tools. The impact is the contribution of the tools to the realization of the results of the projects in which the tools were mainstreamed. Indeed, the results of the programs in which beneficiary communication tools was mainstreamed are the impact of the use of tools by proxy.
The levels of knowledge of the beneficiaries with regards to causes of malnutrition and prevention of diseases which are caused by unhygienic conditions such as cholera have increased tremendously. This is evident from the results obtained through the pre and post mobile cinema evaluation on the above mentioned thematic areas, from the sites where the Red Cross Societies have implemented projects aimed at addressing malnutrition and hygiene.
The activities of the beneficiary communication program were well received by the target communities in all the five countries. The communities appreciated the mobile cinema and drama perhaps due to ease of learning from audio visual or observation. The putting to practice the knowledge gained in various thematic areas is another way of determining how well the beneficiaries have received beneficiary communication activities. A random check of households by personnel in-charge of community health in Rwanda revealed that nine in ten beneficiaries put to practice the knowledge they acquired from the mobile cinema shows.
The use of audio visuals and drama in local languages in all the countries sampled has proved to be an effective way of training both literate and illiterate members of the society. This is because both illiterate and literate members of the community simply learn through listening and observation." (Executive summary)
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"This chapter has outlined the philosophical motivations and strategic practices of philanthrocapitalists, interrogating the key place of communication technology and media storytelling within their humanitarian activities. It also explored the central critiques of philanthrocapitalism that have eme
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rged in response, suggesting that oppositional narratives have played only a minor role in public sphere debates. Fundamentally, philanthrocapitalists have recognized the key role that advocacy plays in setting the agenda of media, policymakers, and the public, cultivating a number of powerful tools to ensure that the stones that get the most attention are those that reflect their own priorities and strategies for humanitarian action. Indeed, at a time when approximately 63 percent of Americans get their news from Facebook, the philanthrocapitalist agenda of the newly created Chan-Zuckerberg Initiative might have the best media platform yet to shape and measure the perspectives of the public. Looking forward, it seems that some balance is needed between recognizing the good work that these philanthrocapitalists can achieve, on one hand, while having opportunities to hold them accountable and propose alternative solutions, on the other." (Conclusion)
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"This qualitative content analysis has examined coverage of poverty-related issues by Oklahoma Watch, a nonprofit news organization with a mission of covering public problems, particularly those of disadvantaged people. The first set of coverage constituted the body of stories written on poverty fro
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m the organization's founding until the start of a cooperative project. The second set of coverage was the video interviews the organization did in cooperation with the Gaylord College of Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of Oklahoma to focus on this topic in neighborhoods in nearby Oklahoma City. The analysis of coverage showed that in a very broad sense the coverage was similar in that it, in both cases, addressed socioeconomic issues, poor governance, decreasing social cohesion, and various issues connected with personal behavior. However, as Table 1 showed, the specific topics of coverage differed substantially within these categories while showing some commonalities. For example, coverage that generally related to issues of governance or policy focused more on deep systemic issues such as health care in the earlier coverage. The concerns that emerged from the interviews with residents in the later project were centered more on basic daily concerns such as problems with roads and street lights. Concerns about education were evident in both sets of coverage." (Discussion, page 12)
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"This Viewpoint essay is dedicated to communication practitioners across theglobe, and to my former doctoral-student self, who once-upon-a-time sought clear definitions and descriptions of communication for development (C4D), but found clarity only after consulting multiple resources. I never found
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a short summary resource, which is what I have endeavored to provide here. I present in this essay a “full-spectrum” approach to communication for development in order to synthesise, complement, and in some cases challenge what has been documented elsewhere. I propose additional analytical categories and concepts to illustrate the benefits and challenges of a full-spectrum approach. My aim is to invite reflection and discussion about what it means to go broader and deeper when we communicate to inspire action and promote positive social change in communities. It is my hope that the concepts and domains presented as the “full-spectrum” approach might be useful (and used), by the designers, implementers and researchers of communication interventions." (Abstract)
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"Video Ethnography in Practice is a brief guide for students in the social disciplines who are required to produce an ethnographic video, the most significant new methodological technique in 21st century social analysis. The authors, both accomplished videographers, cover the basic techniques of cre
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ating a video that documents human culture and behavior with true stories of the process of videography throughout. This text shows how new technologies like smart phones, widely available video editing software, and YouTube, have turned video ethnography into something that is within reach of students in a conventional course framework." (Publisher description)
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"This book is a broad and detailed case study of how journalists in more than 20 countries worldwide covered the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment (AR5) reports on the state of scientific knowledge relevant to climate change. Journalism, it demonstrates, is a key elem
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ent in the transnational communication infrastructure of climate politics. It examines variations of coverage in different countries and locations all over the world. It looks at how IPCC scientists review the role of media, reflects on how media relate to decision-making structures and cultures, analyzes how key journalists reflect on the challenges of covering climate change, and shows how the message of IPCC was distributed in the global networks of social media." (Publisher description)
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"This handbook gives an overview of a broad range of technologies and can be useful for professionals engaged in agriculture extension, organizations working with smallholder farmers, implementors, donors and other public sector partners. Those interested in the use ICTs for development may also fin
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d the content relevant. Though this handbook is particularly aimed at agricultural professionals in Bangladesh, for sharing the various initiatives in Bangladesh and across the developing world, it can be used as a reference document by anyone having interest in the field." (Introduction to the handbook, page 3)
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"This study used qualitative research involving a documentary analysis of the existing research in Thailand. In all, 60 research studies between 1993 and 2012 [...] were reviewed and analyzed for participatory communication usage and media types. These studies were classified by the purpose of parti
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cipatory communication using: (1) studies focusing on participatory communication as the framework for participatory media, (2) studies focusing on participatory communication as the framework for communication strategies for people participation building, and (3) studies focusing on participatory communication as the framework for people participation in solving problems." (Methodology, page 69)
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"Seit März 2007 organisieren lokale und internationale Aktivist*innen in verschiedenen Teilen Afghanistans beinah täglich Aktivitäten mit den unterschiedlichen Techniken des Theaters der Unterdrückten (TdU) des Brasilianers Augusto Boal (1931-2009) sowie anderen emanzipatorischen Theatermethoden
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. In diesen rund zehn Jahren kontinuierlicher Anwendung hat sich das sogenannte „Applied Theatre“ als zentral für die systematische Arbeit mit dem Thema Straflosigkeit bzw. Aufarbeitung von mittlerweile knapp 40 Jahren des ununterbrochenen gewalttätigen Konflikts erwiesen. Hauptzielgruppe der verschiedenen Theateraktivitäten sind die direkten Angehörigen der nach Schätzungen etwa drei Millionen Menschen, die in den unterschiedlichen Konfliktperioden ums Leben gekommen sind. Einige wenige waren bereits zuvor in offiziell registrierten Opfer- oder Witwenverbänden organisiert, während die meisten mit ihrer Trauer allein blieben und isoliert um das bloße Überleben kämpften." (Seite 52)
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"Das berüchtigte Bild des hungernden, nackten, ungeschützten Kindes ist ein Leitmotiv in der humanitären Hilfe, das bis heute kollektive und individuelle Vorstellungswelten im Globalen Norden formt. Die Bilderwelten, die die Krisen im Globalen Süden porträtieren, sind geprägt von einer kolonia
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len Kontinuität. Die Körper von Schwarzen Menschen und Menschen of Color werden in passiven, leidenden, abhängigen Positionen gezeigt und auf diese reduziert. Die Darstellungen sind allerdings nur die 'Spitze des Eisbergs': Die Bilder drücken im wahrsten Sinne des Wortes plakativ ein Verhältnis von Machtungleichheit aus, das nicht nur die Spendenwerbung, sondern auch die Strukturen von Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und vielen anderen Bereichen prägt. Aus unterschiedlichen Positionen, Gruppen und Organisationen kamen Anstöße zu einer Auseinandersetzung mit Spendenwerbung und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit von Hilfsorganisationen. Beispielsweise haben ISD und glokal in den letzten Jahren ein vielfältiges Programm aus Workshops, öffentlichen Interventionen und Projekten wie den Dokumentarfilm white charity (whitecharity.de) entwickelt, um einen Prozess der Sensibilisierung und des Verlernens anzustoßen. Hier stand jedoch erstens Kritik im Vordergrund, zweitens blieb die Diskussion eher szene-intern auf entwicklungspolitische Akteur_innen beschränkt. Mit dem Projekt (De-)koloniale Bilderwelten wollten wir einen Schritt weitergehen, indem wir die Künstler_innen Rajkamal Kahlon, Isaiah Lopaz und Lena Ziyal dazu eingeladen haben, alternative Werbeplakate zu entwerfen. Diese wurden auf Plakatwänden an zentralen Plätzen im öffentlichen Raum Berlins gezeigt. Außer den künstlerischen Beiträgen dieses Projekts versammelt die Publikation zudem die Stimmen und Gegenentwürfe von Aktivist_innen, Wissenschaftler_innen und Künstler_innen." (Vorwort)
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"Based on the assumption that increased access to internet services boosts economic growth and improves the well-being of the poor, governments in both developed and emerging regions are heavily investing in internet connectivity projects. This article reviews the existing evidence as to the impact
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of internet technologies on various development dimensions, and articulates the empirical evidence into an analytical framework that seeks to identify the micro-linkages between internet adoption and poverty alleviation. The review suggests that the development pay-offs of internet technologies are ambiguous due to two interrelated effects. First, because effective appropriation requires a range of skills as well as complementary investment in human capital and organizational changes. This tends to favour well-educated workers and firms with more innovative capacity and access to finance. Second, because the positive effects of internet dissemination on market co-ordination and political institutions grow exponentially with adoption levels. As a result, while the evidence indicates that advanced economies are reaping significant benefits from internet investments, the returns for less advanced economies, and in particular for the fight against poverty in these regions, remain uncertain." (Abstract)
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"There is no accessible media in the Rohingya language, leaving the Rohingya population of well over a million, now spread between Myanmar and Bangladesh, reliant on information only available in languages other than their own [...] This assessment, conducted in the Cox’s Bazar region of Banglades
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h in late October 2017, examines the information ecosystem facing the area’s crisis affected population (introduction). According to the executive summary (page 10), "mobile phones were one of the main sources to send and receive information prior to arrival in the camps, which indicates a high household’s ownership of mobile phone sets (64%). Within newly arrived families, smart phones are mainly used by adult men between age 15 to 24; many of them have taken an active role to mingle with others, access to Facebook and YouTube, and bring information back to the households. Some of the young boys with smart phones have said to spend major amount of credit on data rather than voice connectivity. Also, young men find places to gather, such as shops, where they can charge phones and share information with others of the same age. The lack of access to information and communication channels should perhaps not be surprising, given the enormous challenges presented by the information landscape. 71% of the affected population has had no formal education of any kind, and 77% of the refugee population is illiterate in any language. The Rohingya dialect, the main language spoken by 96% of the refugee population, has no agreed written script. It is technically illegal for refugees to purchase SIM cards. Access to radio sets is limited, and the signal is weak in many areas. What mass media that is available, is in Bangla or Chittigonian. 81% of refugees do not currently listen to the radio."
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