"In this report, we look at the state of digital data for development and emerging trends. We aim to support German development cooperation in integrating and prioritising data approaches and investments in their work. In this study we focus on four data categories: big data, open data, citizen-gene
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rated data and real-time data. The selection of these categories considered two key dimensions: (1) the growing use in development-related policy discussions, and (2) the ability to capture key characteristics of interest, including size, access, source, and timeliness of data. We believe these categories provide a good starting point to explore how digital data production and use might lead to better development outcomes." (Executive summary)
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"This handbook gives an overview of a broad range of technologies and can be useful for professionals engaged in agriculture extension, organizations working with smallholder farmers, implementors, donors and other public sector partners. Those interested in the use ICTs for development may also fin
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d the content relevant. Though this handbook is particularly aimed at agricultural professionals in Bangladesh, for sharing the various initiatives in Bangladesh and across the developing world, it can be used as a reference document by anyone having interest in the field." (Introduction to the handbook, page 3)
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"Recent years have witnessed considerable speculation about the potential of open data to bring about wide-scale transformation. The bulk of existing evidence about the impact of open data, however, focuses on high-income countries. Much less is known about open data’s role and value in low- and m
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iddle-income countries, and more generally about its possible contributions to economic and social development. Open Data for Developing Economies features in-depth case studies on how open data is having an impact across the developing world-from an agriculture initiative in Colombia to data-driven healthcare projects in Uganda and South Africa to crisis response in Nepal. The analysis built on these case studies aims to create actionable intelligence regarding: (a) the conditions under which open data is most (and least) effective in development, presented in the form of a Periodic Table of Open Data; (b) strategies to maximize the positive contributions of open data to development; and (c) the means for limiting open data’s harms on developing countries." (Publisher description)
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"This inventory was developed by FHI 360, with grant funding from the Rockefeller Foundation, to support resilience practitioners and the broader development community to identify digital technologies that have the potential to enhance resilience outcomes, particularly in Asia. It was primarily popu
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lated through a crowdsourced call for submissions that took place in March 2017. Given the crowdsourced nature of this inventory, responsibility for the accuracy of the content rests solely with the individuals who made submissions." (Introduction)
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"This study opens by diving into what blockchain is and why it is a new tech tool for development. Thereafter, we explore four ways in which blockchain can be applied to hack the future of development aid and accelerate the Sustainable Development Goals. Hack #1: Innovate (aid) money with cryptocurr
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ency. Hack #2: Turn rights into code on the blockchain. Hack #3: Program aid money and agreements. Hack #4: Disrupt the aid model." (Page 3)
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"Smartphones and digital connectivity are essential for refugees seeking protection and safety in Europe, but they also carry risks for them. This research identified a huge gap in the provision of relevant, reliable and timely digital news and information for refugees on their journeys and upon arr
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ival in Europe. There is a growing number of digital resources designed for refugees. Most are inadequately resourced and unsustainable. They can do more harm than good if they disseminate misinformation. Quick ‘tech fixes’ do not work. Governments and newsrooms in Europe are failing to provide what refugees need, because they fear that they may be seen to be facilitating attempts to seek asylum in Europe. This is forcing refugees to rely on alternative, often unverified and unreliable sources of news and information circulated on social media, particularly by smugglers and handlers. This is endangering them and exacerbating an already dire situation." (Summary of findings, page 5)
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"A qualitative study was conducted in Indonesia and Sri Lanka to understand the varied perceptions on the use and ownership of mobile phones [...] The study was conducted amongst four groups of people (urban men, urban women, rural men, and rural women) in each of two countries. The study found that
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: Gender does have some effect on how the phone is used. Women use it more for coordination. Men on the other hand seem to use it more for livelihood activities and for making and maintaining social connections. Men in general have greater decision-making power in a phone purchase even for their spouses. The most significant difference in the utility derived from mobile phones between urban and rural dwellers is the fact that, for the latter, the ability of the phone to help connect to needed infrastructure and services was more important. This was less of a concern for urbanites since essential infrastructure and services were generally close by, unlike for those rural dwellers." (Executive summary)
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"An emerging topic in the development field is how information and communication technology (ICT) can be used for economic and social development. The general approach relies on technological determinism, whereby the discussion revolves around how and to what extent will ICT support development. It
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assumes the benefits of ICT as inherent. This approach ignores that ICT is created and experienced within a socially divisive and complex space. A more critical and sociological analysis is needed for development studies to better understand the implications of ICT initiatives. In this article, I argue that Saskia Sassen's analytical framework of technology and society as embedded avoids this technological determinism and allows social theorists to account for social and material aspects of ICT. To support this alternative framework, I present a case study of a rural ICT initiative in Gujarat, India, and discuss how this reconceptualization reveals more nuanced understanding of ICT and society. Based on interviews and field research, I find that technology creates new social understandings for the rural ICT users, but also that society shapes the technology to make it inaccessible for them." (Abstract)
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"For over a decade the international development community has been exploring how the use of digital technologies, including tools like the mobile phone, can extend the reach of development. At the same time, development organizations have grappled with how to use these technologies to make their ow
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n work more participatory, sustainable, and effective. The results have been mixed. Some projects have succeeded, enabling improved and sustained access to information and services that previously were out of reach for marginalized populations. Other projects have failed, often due to preventable reasons, resulting in hundreds, if not thousands of projects being unable to scale. In the late 2000s, several donors and multilateral organizations began talking about failure in using digital tools to support development. Soon, sets of principles, lessons, and best practices started emerging, beginning with the UNICEF Innovation Principles in 2009. One year later, a group of mHealth implementers and donors independently developed a different set of principles known as the Greentree Principles. The Principles for Digital Development (Principles) were created through the integration and refinement of these two previous sets of principles. Since June 2014, members of the international development community have convened through a dozen meetings to discuss the Principles in detail. This report is the synthesis of those and other events at which the community talked about what it means to put the Principles into practice. It identifies common barriers to the Principles’ successful implementation and suggests resources to help overcome these barriers." (Executive summary)
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"The toolkit explores how digital instruments can be employed to meet the sector- and region-specific needs of those planning, managing and implementing DC/IC measures. It provides political decision-makers and DC/IC implementers with information on the kinds of digital applications that are relevan
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t for their work and on the value they can add to DC/IC projects. The toolkit constitutes a guide for analysing digital options and backs up advice with examples from different regions and sectors. Specifically, you can find the following topics in this toolkit: 1) Inspiring projects: Case studies from German DC/IC and the international context illustrate the diverse ways in which digital solutions can be applied. 2) Management of ICT projects: Here, you are offered guidance that supports the strategic planning and implementation of digital measures. 3) Methods, tools and approaches: Guidelines on the deployment of digital solutions in specific contexts and scenarios are presented. 4) Glossary: Key terms related to the digital transformation are defined, vividly explained and transferred to the DC/IC context." (Introduction)
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"The toolkit explores how digital instruments can be employed to meet the sector- and region-specific needs of those planning, managing and implementing DC/IC measures. It provides political decision-makers and DC/IC implementers with information on the kinds of digital applications that are relevan
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t for their work and on the value they can add to DC/IC projects. The toolkit constitutes a guide for analysing digital options and backs up advice with examples from different regions and sectors. Specifically, you can find the following topics in this toolkit: 1) Inspiring projects: Case studies from German DC/IC and the international context illustrate the diverse ways in which digital solutions can be applied. 2) Management of ICT projects: Here, you are offered guidance that supports the strategic planning and implementation of digital measures. 3) Methods, tools and approaches: Guidelines on the deployment of digital solutions in specific contexts and scenarios are presented. 4) Glossary: Key terms related to the digital transformation are defined, vividly explained and transferred to the DC/IC context." (Introduction)
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"Digital technologies have spread rapidly in much of the world. Digital dividends—the broader development benefits from using these technologies—have lagged behind. In many instances digital technologies have boosted growth, expanded opportunities, and improved service delivery. Yet their aggreg
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ate impact has fallen short and is unevenly distributed. For digital technologies to benefit everyone everywhere requires closing the remaining digital divide, especially in internet access. But greater digital adoption will not be enough. To get the most out of the digital revolution, countries also need to work on the “analog complements”—by strengthening regulations that ensure competition among businesses, by adapting workers’ skills to the demands of the new economy, and by ensuring that institutions are accountable." (Overview, page 2)
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"Feminization of migration has emerged as a common livelihood strategy to alleviate poverty and escape difficult socioeconomic, cultural, and familial situations. Mobile phones have become the most crucial and pervasive communication device that enables migrants to be simultaneously mobile and conne
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cted, anytime and anywhere. Is the mobile phone empowering or disempowering as a new form of social control? Based on a longterm ethnographic research on global nannies in Paris, this study presents a case for the importance of the detailed investigation of everyday contexts and power relations to better understand the complexities of mobile phone use in work life. This study will argue that, far from an instrument of empowerment, the mobile phone can work to reinforce already existing power relations and mundane social structures, leading to more unequal and enslaving relationships in work life." (Abstract)
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"Research can improve development policies and practices and funders increasingly require evidence of such socioeconomic impact from their investments. This article questions whether information and communication technologies for development (ICT4D) research conforms to the requirements for achievin
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g socioeconomic impact. We report on a literature review of the impact of research in international development and a survey of ICT4D researchers who assessed the extent to which they follow practices for achieving socioeconomic impact. The findings suggest that while ICT4D researchers are interested in influencing both practice and policy, they are less inclined toward the activities that would make this happen, especially engaging with users of their research and communicating their findings to a wider audience. Their institutions do not provide incentives for researchers to adopt these practices. ICT4D researchers and their institutions should engage more closely with the users of their research through more and better communications with the public, especially through the use of information and communication technologies." (Abstract)
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"ICTs in Developing Countries is a collection of conceptual and empirical works on the adoption and impacts of ICT use in developing societies. Bringing together a wide range of disciplines and contributors, it offers a rich examination of digital divide and ICT for development both in terms of cont
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extual information and disciplinary perspectives." (Publisher description)
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"The rapid development of the information society has accentuated the importance of digital divides, which refer to economic and social inequalities among populations due to differences in access to, use of, or knowledge of information and communication technologies (ICT). This book discusses the cu
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rrent state of digital divides, ranging from global." (Publisher description)
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